The collaborative group on sustainable grazing for three national forests in southern Utah was convened to address concerns about the sustainability of livestock grazing. The group aimed to develop consensus on grazing principles and practices that provide ecological sustainability, social acceptability, and economic viability. Participants included ranchers, environmental groups, agencies, universities, and the U.S. Forest Service. The group identified ecological, social, and economic indicators to measure sustainability and suggested grazing management practices based on principles of time, timing, and intensity of grazing. The final report outlines the group's recommendations and indicators to help improve grazing management.
This document outlines the proposed framework for sentinel landscapes - long term socio-ecological research sites that will be used to study topics related to forests, trees and agroforestry. It describes 5 components that will be studied: smallholder systems, forest/tree resources, environmental services, climate change impacts, and trade/investment impacts. For each component, key research themes are identified. It also discusses establishing 8 geographically bounded sentinel landscapes and using a network of sites to study specific thematic questions. Methodologies are proposed for ecosystem and household monitoring. The goal is to provide long term data on social and ecological indicators across sites to better understand impacts of changes and policies.
Tennyson Magombo: Incidence of Indigenous and Innovative climate change adapt...AfricaAdapt
This study examined indigenous climate change adaptation practices of smallholder farmers in Chikhwawa District, Southern Malawi. The researchers identified several key indigenous adaptation strategies used by farmers, including crop diversification, eating a wild tuber plant called nyika, applying organic manure to fields, mixed crop-livestock farming, small-scale irrigation, and generating non-farm income. Factors like household size, income, access to markets and extension services affected the adoption of these strategies. The researchers concluded that promoting indigenous practices through improved extension, collective action, and domesticating nyika could help farmers better adapt to climate change.
Planning, implementing and evaluating Climate-Smart Agriculture in smallholde...FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/
This presentation by Janie Rioux, FAO, outlines the experience of the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) pilot projects in Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
Combined Presentations for climate-smart agriculture (CSA) Tools for Africa w...CANAAFRICA
On 12th October 2015 the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa through its regional knowledge sharing platform The Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa (CANA) organized a webinar dubbed Climate-Smart Agriculture Tools for Africa.
CCAFS East Africa sought to depart from business-as-usual
approaches, by engaging leading global and regional
experts, policymakers and other stakeholders to revise
East Africa’s theory of change, impact pathways and
develop an integrated and coherent climate-smart
research for development strategy: that is
• More closely aligned with CCAFS global flagships
and cross-cutting themes to address the major
challenges of agriculture in East Africa under
changing climate;
• Takes into account transformative agricultural
innovations for climate action in agriculture
highlighted in CCAFS phase II proposal and other
CCAFS co-sponsored events; and
• Leads to future research projects well aligned with
national, regional and global priorities that enable
back flowing of proven results and climate-smart
agriculture technological innovations to transform
East Africa’s smallholder agriculture, influence
policies and practices, and create an inclusive
enabling and investment environment.
This document outlines the proposed framework for sentinel landscapes - long term socio-ecological research sites that will be used to study topics related to forests, trees and agroforestry. It describes 5 components that will be studied: smallholder systems, forest/tree resources, environmental services, climate change impacts, and trade/investment impacts. For each component, key research themes are identified. It also discusses establishing 8 geographically bounded sentinel landscapes and using a network of sites to study specific thematic questions. Methodologies are proposed for ecosystem and household monitoring. The goal is to provide long term data on social and ecological indicators across sites to better understand impacts of changes and policies.
Tennyson Magombo: Incidence of Indigenous and Innovative climate change adapt...AfricaAdapt
This study examined indigenous climate change adaptation practices of smallholder farmers in Chikhwawa District, Southern Malawi. The researchers identified several key indigenous adaptation strategies used by farmers, including crop diversification, eating a wild tuber plant called nyika, applying organic manure to fields, mixed crop-livestock farming, small-scale irrigation, and generating non-farm income. Factors like household size, income, access to markets and extension services affected the adoption of these strategies. The researchers concluded that promoting indigenous practices through improved extension, collective action, and domesticating nyika could help farmers better adapt to climate change.
Planning, implementing and evaluating Climate-Smart Agriculture in smallholde...FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/
This presentation by Janie Rioux, FAO, outlines the experience of the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) pilot projects in Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
Combined Presentations for climate-smart agriculture (CSA) Tools for Africa w...CANAAFRICA
On 12th October 2015 the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa through its regional knowledge sharing platform The Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa (CANA) organized a webinar dubbed Climate-Smart Agriculture Tools for Africa.
CCAFS East Africa sought to depart from business-as-usual
approaches, by engaging leading global and regional
experts, policymakers and other stakeholders to revise
East Africa’s theory of change, impact pathways and
develop an integrated and coherent climate-smart
research for development strategy: that is
• More closely aligned with CCAFS global flagships
and cross-cutting themes to address the major
challenges of agriculture in East Africa under
changing climate;
• Takes into account transformative agricultural
innovations for climate action in agriculture
highlighted in CCAFS phase II proposal and other
CCAFS co-sponsored events; and
• Leads to future research projects well aligned with
national, regional and global priorities that enable
back flowing of proven results and climate-smart
agriculture technological innovations to transform
East Africa’s smallholder agriculture, influence
policies and practices, and create an inclusive
enabling and investment environment.
Grazing has varying effects on the fauna of grey dune ecosystems. Studies found that grazing decreased the biomass and litter of vegetation, while having mixed effects on grasses and no effect on herbs. Grazing reduced food sources for insects and soil fauna like earthworms and millipedes, but increased flower abundance slightly under some grazing pressures. Grazing also reduced nesting habitats for sand-dwelling insects and altered habitat for some breeding bird species. The effects of grazing on thermoregulation and animal populations were mixed or insignificant. In conclusion, the impact of grazing depends on species, grazing intensity, and dune zone.
Promoting carbon sequestration and payment for ecosystem service schemes:The...ILRI
Rangelands are important for livelihoods and the environment. Rangeland management can contribute to carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and water resources through improved grazing practices, restoration of degraded lands, and fire management. Payment for ecosystem services schemes could incentivize good rangeland stewardship while supporting livelihoods, but challenges remain in accurately measuring and monitoring carbon stocks and other benefits, as well as establishing payment mechanisms. Case studies from Kenya demonstrate how payments for wildlife conservation have successfully reduced poverty and increased equity among communities.
1. Grasslands provide important ecosystem services like soil protection, water quality regulation, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity support.
2. There is a trade-off between high grassland productivity for food/fiber and other ecosystem services. Grasslands need to be analyzed for both production and services.
3. Grazing animals can decouple carbon and nitrogen cycles, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions and nitrate leaching above certain stocking densities. Intensification is limited by environmental impacts.
MODELING DAILY NET SHORTWAVE RADIATION OVER RUGGED SURFACES USING MODIS ATMOS...grssieee
The document summarizes a study modeling daily net shortwave radiation (NSSR) over rugged surfaces using MODIS atmospheric products. It presents the background of the study, data and methodology used, results and discussion. The results show good agreement between modeled and observed NSSR values for different locations with R^2 values from 0.71 to 0.93. However, there are errors from spatial resolution gaps and coarse MODIS data. The conclusion is that terrain attenuates NSSR under clear sky while clouds play a greater role under cloudy sky, and MODIS can be used to moderately map NSSR over rugged surfaces.
This document discusses different types of modal and semi-modal verbs in English. It defines modals as helping verbs that do not change form based on tense and are always in the base form. Semi-modals are similar but do change form based on tense or subject. Examples are provided of common modals like can, will, shall, and must. The uses and forms of different modals like can, could, may, might, must, and have to/has to are then outlined.
The AHRC Fellowships scheme is being revised to enhance the development of research leadership. Key changes include longer award durations of 6-18 months, increased budgets of £50,000-£250,000, and a focus on earlier career researchers. The aims are to provide time for individual research and collaboration, support projects with transformative impact, and develop research leadership capabilities. Research excellence remains the core requirement.
Magento get admin user id: You can get admin user id in magento from admin user session ie. Mage::getSingleton(‘admin/session’); You can get admin user name, username, email, first name and last name also from the admin user session. Here we are going to demonstrate this with syntax and example.for more info:- http://tutorialsplane.com/magento-get-admin-user-id/
Some thoughts on asynchrony in a modern world, inspired by Reactive Extensions and await in C#, for the Obj-C audience at CocoaHeads Stockholm June 2012.
Please read the notes on each slide to make sense of them, the slides are not understandable by themselves.
The document contains images for evaluation question 4. It likely includes several pictures or diagrams related to the topic being evaluated in question 4 to help provide visual context and examples to aid in answering the question. The images support and supplement the text of evaluation question 4 by displaying graphical representations of whatever concepts or ideas are being assessed.
Haiku Deck is a presentation platform that allows users to create Haiku-style slideshows. The document encourages the reader to get started creating their own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare by providing a link to do so. It aims to inspire the reader to try out Haiku Deck's unique presentation style.
The document defines 51 terms related to logic, rhetoric, and composition. It provides concise definitions for concepts like ad hominem and non sequitur fallacies, analogy, allegory, analogy, and tone. The definitions cover a wide range of literary devices and logical techniques used in writing, speaking, and argumentation including figurative language, fallacies, methods of organization, and rhetorical strategies.
Learn about IBM System x3650 M4. The x3650 M4 is an outstanding 2U two-socket business-critical server, offering improved performance and pay-as-you grow flexibility along with new features that improve server management capability. For more information on System x, visit http://ibm.co/Q7m3iQ.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/210741926/IBM-System-x3650-M4
FAO's strategic framework for 2010-2015 had 3 global goals to reduce hunger, eliminate poverty, and sustainably manage resources through 11 strategic objectives. The framework identified 8 core functions and 2 functional objectives to address issues like increasing pressure on natural resources, growing food and feed demands, and climate change effects. FAO's Strategic Objective A was to sustainably intensify crop production through improved resource use, conservation agriculture, integrated nutrient management, sustainable crop protection, and agrobiodiversity and ecosystem service management to strengthen livelihoods using an ecosystem approach.
Development and piloting a comprehensive framework for assessment of sustaina...ICRISAT
Sustainable intensification is at the forefront of food security discussions as a means to meet the growing demand for agricultural production while conserving land and other resources. Next steps require identification of indicators and associated metrics for farming systems sustainability assessment, to track progress, assess trade-offs and identify synergies.
A proposal for governance of sustainability in agriculture. Gérard RassJoanna Hicks
This document proposes a governance structure for sustainable agriculture. It suggests:
1) Establishing stakeholder dialogs between farmers, citizens, and policymakers to agree on objectives and sustainability criteria.
2) Developing indicators to measure farm practices' impacts on ecological services and sustainability over time.
3) Creating an Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAD) to identify and use indicators to assess 160 farms across 7 sustainability themes.
4) Developing a payment system for ecological services (PES) based on IAD indicators to incentivize sustainable practices.
Grazing has varying effects on the fauna of grey dune ecosystems. Studies found that grazing decreased the biomass and litter of vegetation, while having mixed effects on grasses and no effect on herbs. Grazing reduced food sources for insects and soil fauna like earthworms and millipedes, but increased flower abundance slightly under some grazing pressures. Grazing also reduced nesting habitats for sand-dwelling insects and altered habitat for some breeding bird species. The effects of grazing on thermoregulation and animal populations were mixed or insignificant. In conclusion, the impact of grazing depends on species, grazing intensity, and dune zone.
Promoting carbon sequestration and payment for ecosystem service schemes:The...ILRI
Rangelands are important for livelihoods and the environment. Rangeland management can contribute to carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and water resources through improved grazing practices, restoration of degraded lands, and fire management. Payment for ecosystem services schemes could incentivize good rangeland stewardship while supporting livelihoods, but challenges remain in accurately measuring and monitoring carbon stocks and other benefits, as well as establishing payment mechanisms. Case studies from Kenya demonstrate how payments for wildlife conservation have successfully reduced poverty and increased equity among communities.
1. Grasslands provide important ecosystem services like soil protection, water quality regulation, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity support.
2. There is a trade-off between high grassland productivity for food/fiber and other ecosystem services. Grasslands need to be analyzed for both production and services.
3. Grazing animals can decouple carbon and nitrogen cycles, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions and nitrate leaching above certain stocking densities. Intensification is limited by environmental impacts.
MODELING DAILY NET SHORTWAVE RADIATION OVER RUGGED SURFACES USING MODIS ATMOS...grssieee
The document summarizes a study modeling daily net shortwave radiation (NSSR) over rugged surfaces using MODIS atmospheric products. It presents the background of the study, data and methodology used, results and discussion. The results show good agreement between modeled and observed NSSR values for different locations with R^2 values from 0.71 to 0.93. However, there are errors from spatial resolution gaps and coarse MODIS data. The conclusion is that terrain attenuates NSSR under clear sky while clouds play a greater role under cloudy sky, and MODIS can be used to moderately map NSSR over rugged surfaces.
This document discusses different types of modal and semi-modal verbs in English. It defines modals as helping verbs that do not change form based on tense and are always in the base form. Semi-modals are similar but do change form based on tense or subject. Examples are provided of common modals like can, will, shall, and must. The uses and forms of different modals like can, could, may, might, must, and have to/has to are then outlined.
The AHRC Fellowships scheme is being revised to enhance the development of research leadership. Key changes include longer award durations of 6-18 months, increased budgets of £50,000-£250,000, and a focus on earlier career researchers. The aims are to provide time for individual research and collaboration, support projects with transformative impact, and develop research leadership capabilities. Research excellence remains the core requirement.
Magento get admin user id: You can get admin user id in magento from admin user session ie. Mage::getSingleton(‘admin/session’); You can get admin user name, username, email, first name and last name also from the admin user session. Here we are going to demonstrate this with syntax and example.for more info:- http://tutorialsplane.com/magento-get-admin-user-id/
Some thoughts on asynchrony in a modern world, inspired by Reactive Extensions and await in C#, for the Obj-C audience at CocoaHeads Stockholm June 2012.
Please read the notes on each slide to make sense of them, the slides are not understandable by themselves.
The document contains images for evaluation question 4. It likely includes several pictures or diagrams related to the topic being evaluated in question 4 to help provide visual context and examples to aid in answering the question. The images support and supplement the text of evaluation question 4 by displaying graphical representations of whatever concepts or ideas are being assessed.
Haiku Deck is a presentation platform that allows users to create Haiku-style slideshows. The document encourages the reader to get started creating their own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare by providing a link to do so. It aims to inspire the reader to try out Haiku Deck's unique presentation style.
The document defines 51 terms related to logic, rhetoric, and composition. It provides concise definitions for concepts like ad hominem and non sequitur fallacies, analogy, allegory, analogy, and tone. The definitions cover a wide range of literary devices and logical techniques used in writing, speaking, and argumentation including figurative language, fallacies, methods of organization, and rhetorical strategies.
Learn about IBM System x3650 M4. The x3650 M4 is an outstanding 2U two-socket business-critical server, offering improved performance and pay-as-you grow flexibility along with new features that improve server management capability. For more information on System x, visit http://ibm.co/Q7m3iQ.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/210741926/IBM-System-x3650-M4
FAO's strategic framework for 2010-2015 had 3 global goals to reduce hunger, eliminate poverty, and sustainably manage resources through 11 strategic objectives. The framework identified 8 core functions and 2 functional objectives to address issues like increasing pressure on natural resources, growing food and feed demands, and climate change effects. FAO's Strategic Objective A was to sustainably intensify crop production through improved resource use, conservation agriculture, integrated nutrient management, sustainable crop protection, and agrobiodiversity and ecosystem service management to strengthen livelihoods using an ecosystem approach.
Development and piloting a comprehensive framework for assessment of sustaina...ICRISAT
Sustainable intensification is at the forefront of food security discussions as a means to meet the growing demand for agricultural production while conserving land and other resources. Next steps require identification of indicators and associated metrics for farming systems sustainability assessment, to track progress, assess trade-offs and identify synergies.
A proposal for governance of sustainability in agriculture. Gérard RassJoanna Hicks
This document proposes a governance structure for sustainable agriculture. It suggests:
1) Establishing stakeholder dialogs between farmers, citizens, and policymakers to agree on objectives and sustainability criteria.
2) Developing indicators to measure farm practices' impacts on ecological services and sustainability over time.
3) Creating an Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAD) to identify and use indicators to assess 160 farms across 7 sustainability themes.
4) Developing a payment system for ecological services (PES) based on IAD indicators to incentivize sustainable practices.
Presentation by Rebecca Doyle at the 12th Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock (GASL) multi-stakeholder partnership meeting, Dublin, Ireland, 3–7 October 2022.
Based on World Resources Report, "Ecosystem Services: A Guide for Decision Makers" (http://www.wri.org/publication/ecosystem-services-a-guide-for-decision-makers)
The CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA) conducts research on sustainable forest management, agroforestry, and tree genetic resources. It has over 100 partners worldwide and works across six research themes. Key achievements include over 1,300 publications, significant outcomes, strong monitoring and evaluation, gender mainstreaming, capacity building activities, and securing over $45 million in funding. FTA aims to refine its approach based on evaluations and adapt its research themes and focus over subsequent phases to 2025 to maximize impacts.
Enhancing farmer engagement in national climate policies: Advocay tools and a...ILRI
Presented by Romy Chevallier, AICCRA policy consultant, during a climate change workshop organized by AICCRA and the Eastern African Farmers Federation (EAFF), 6-7 December 2022
Key Determinants of Forest-dependent Guyanese’ Willingness to Contribute to F...alvindoris79
This document summarizes a study that used the contingent valuation method to determine the willingness to accept and willingness to pay of forest-dependent Guyanese for forest protection. The study found that the primary commercial activities in the study sites and respondents' income were the key determinants of willingness to accept and pay. The document asserts that forest communities should be involved in forest management policies and that policies should consider the economic activities and incomes of forest dwellers.
This document summarizes social science research on farmers' perspectives regarding nutrient loss reduction efforts in Iowa. It finds that while many farmers are now aware of the Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy, there are still perceived barriers to implementation like costs, yield concerns, and lack of knowledge. The main sources of fertilizer information for farmers are dealers, but they are among the least likely to discuss the nutrient strategy. The research is informing ongoing efforts to raise awareness, address common barriers through research and incentives, and engage private sector advisors more directly. Continued surveys suggest commitment to making long-term progress on agriculture's impacts to water quality in Iowa.
Measuring the opportunity costs of forest conservation in Uganda: Implication...CIFOR-ICRAF
Glenn Bush, Woods Hole Research Center, USA
Nick Hanley, University of Stirling, UK
Daniel Rondeau, University of Victoria, Canada
Presentation for the conference on
Taking stock of smallholders and community forestry
Montpellier France
March 24-26, 2010
Forests are cut, temperatures rise and biodiversity is lost. The poor become poorer and indigenous cultures disappear. With the rise in temperatures, fires increase, droughts lengthen, floods spread, and pests and diseases affecting livestock and plants adapt and multiply. What many are calling a 'perfect storm' gathers strength and the impact rolls across the developing world from the forests to the farms to the atmosphere. This scenario stems in large measure from the poor management of our forests, trees and wild genetic resources.
The CGIAR research program outlined in this presentation brings together four of the world's leading research centres in their respective subjects - the World Agroforestry Centre, CIFOR, CIAT and Bioversity - and channels them toward a clear objective: enhancing the management and use of forests, agroforestry and tree genetic resources across the landscape from forests to farms.
Shenggen Fan outlines key actions needed to reshape the global food system for human and planetary health. Technological innovations in areas like drought-resistant crops, precision agriculture, and biofortification can boost yields while improving nutrition and environmental sustainability. Policy reforms are also needed, including taxing unhealthy foods to promote healthy diets, reforming subsidies, and strengthening women's rights. Institutional changes like coordinated food governance systems and inclusive value chains can further support progress. International cooperation through knowledge sharing and South-South learning will be essential to accelerating progress on these challenges.
The New CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry: Opportuni...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
This document outlines the goals and structure of the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry. The program aims to increase sustainable productivity and livelihoods through research on smallholder systems, forest and tree resource management, environmental services, and climate change impacts. It will take an integrated approach across scales and disciplines. The program consists of 5 components addressing issues like production, conservation, landscape management, climate change, and trade impacts. It establishes teams and committees for implementation and governance to achieve impacts like reducing deforestation and increasing incomes for millions of people by 2022. Challenges include integrating diverse methods, inclusive decision-making, and managing expectations with limited additional funding.
ForestsTreesAgroforestry – Presentation for Discussion with Donors and Partne...CGIAR
The document discusses forests, trees, and agroforestry research being conducted across multiple themes and centers to improve livelihoods and environmental management. It notes that 4 key elements are needed to effectively monitor and evaluate the large number of projects: 1) a common theory of change, 2) a common operational plan, 3) mapping individual grants to the operational plan, and 4) an outcomes theory to assess progress towards goals. The research aims to increase productivity, incomes, and environmental management through smallholder production, forest and tree conservation, landscape management, climate change adaptation and mitigation, and impacts of trade and investment.
The document discusses the goals and components of CRP6, which focuses on forests, trees and agroforestry. It aims to understand patterns of forest transition, consequences for livelihoods and the environment, and test innovative landscape management approaches. The research will be conducted across multiple countries in partnership with other organizations. Key areas of focus include understanding drivers of forest change, impacts on services like carbon and biodiversity, and developing tools for landscape planning and governance.
This document summarizes resources for agricultural adaptation to climate change provided by USDA agencies including the Natural Resources Conservation Service and Agriculture Research Service. It describes an adaptation workbook framework that was developed and tested to help farmers and land managers incorporate climate considerations into their management. The framework connects management goals and climate impacts to specific adaptation actions. It provides a menu of options to prepare for, cope with, and recover from climate extremes. The document outlines key principles of adaptation and strategies to create pathways to sustainability under a changing climate.
Similar to Collaborative Group on Sustainable Grazing For Three National Forests in Southern Utah (20)
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
1. The study evaluated the effects of tebuthiuron herbicide application on sagebrush seedling recruitment and density across different ecological sites.
2. At one year post-treatment, mature sagebrush density decreased as intended while young sagebrush density increased, likely due to opened niches.
3. Greenhouse trials found fewer sagebrush seedlings emerged from seed rain in treated areas compared to controls, suggesting tebuthiuron reduced seed viability from surviving plants. However, seed bank viability was not affected.
The document summarizes work done by the Monroe Mountain Aspen Collaborative Working Group to address aspen decline on Monroe Mountain in Utah. The group, formed in 2010, includes representatives from USU Extension, the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food, and the Grand Canyon Trust. Through activities like field trips, photographic monitoring, and grazing studies, the group found that livestock, deer, and elk all actively graze in aspen areas and browse aspen leaders. Livestock AUMs have decreased over time while wildlife AUMs have increased, but total AUMs have remained constant. The group expects a decision soon on a US Forest Service plan to treat 50,000 acres over 10-15 years.
This document describes the development of a PCR-based method to detect Delphinium species (larkspur) in the rumen contents of cattle poisoned by grazing on these plants. Primers were designed that specifically target larkspur DNA. Testing showed larkspur DNA could be detected by PCR up to 72 hours after ingestion, even when diluted to concentrations lower than what is expected in the rumen during poisoning. This larkspur detection method using PCR shows potential as a diagnostic tool for cattle poisoned by grazing on larkspur plants.
The Intergovernmental Internship Cooperative (IIC) was initiated in 2007 between Southern Utah University and four local public land agencies to simplify and support internships and career development programs. The IIC connects SUU students with supervised work experiences at partner agencies, benefiting both by providing qualified student workers while preparing students for careers in public land management. The IIC has since expanded to involve multiple colleges and departments at SUU as well as additional state and federal agencies. It offers internships across various fields from accounting to zoology and aims to develop future public land leaders through these opportunities.
The document discusses the effect of water development on bats. It explores how the installation of livestock water tanks can both help and harm bat populations. While water sources provide drinking water for bats, they can also trap bats if the tanks do not have escape ramps. The document highlights the importance of including escape ramps in tank designs to prevent bat mortality while still providing water for cattle operations.
Fire and herbivory can influence tree size transitions in Acacia drepanolobium. Preliminary results show that while mean size of small trees (<1m) was similar between burned and unburned areas, burned trees had higher levels of ant mutualism traits like nectar. Specifically, burned small trees were occupied by ant species that provide better defense and had more nectar rewards. Further analysis will examine how fire temperature and herbivory levels affect tree response, and how the presence of neighboring trees impacts post-fire ant colonization.
This document summarizes information from various sources about livestock grazing on the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (GSENM) in Utah. It finds that ranching has been a part of the local culture and economy for generations, with many ranchers dependent on GSENM lands to graze their livestock. The document also reports that resource development projects could allow for an 88% increase in grazing. However, replacing grazing with tourism would require major infrastructure investments and may not generate as much economic activity as grazing currently does.
The mountain pine beetle is damaging forest rangeland systems in the Rocky Mountains. Rising temperatures have caused the beetle population to increase and spread to more tree species. This has led to widespread tree mortality that decreases stocking rates and increases problems like erosion, poor water quality, and wildfire risk. The effects of mountain pine beetle damage on forest ecosystems can be mitigated through pest deterrent techniques and improved forest management practices.
This document summarizes research from the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP) on the effects of different fuel reduction treatments. Key findings include:
1) Prescribed fire and mowing effectively reduced woody fuels in sagebrush steppe, while herbicide decreased cheatgrass initially but it rebounded.
2) Mechanical treatments like shredding maintained shrubs and increased perennial grasses in woodlands, but failed to remove fuels long-term without follow-up burns.
3) Near-complete tree removal supported sagebrush-obligate birds, while treatments had mixed effects on vegetation, hydrology, and cheatgrass depending on site and treatment method.
4
The document discusses the SageSTEP program, which connects scientists and land managers through various outreach efforts. It explains that translational ecology aims to ensure scientific research is both useful and usable by connecting stakeholders and researchers. SageSTEP uses multiple outreach approaches, including a website, newsletters, field tours, webinars, and factsheets, to share information with over 400 subscribers according to diffusion of innovation principles. These principles include working in teams, two-way communication, and quick dissemination of research results rather than waiting for publication. The goal is to overcome barriers between scientists and stakeholders and incorporate on-the-ground knowledge to ensure research is applicable to management needs.
The document analyzes data on sage-grouse nesting and movement patterns in Utah. It finds that the average distance between nest sites and the nearest lek was 2.2 km, with a maximum of 11.91 km. Summer and winter locations for sage-grouse often occurred farther from leks, with average distances of 3.93 km and 14.79 km respectively. The data also shows that sage-grouse utilize habitat across a variety of land ownerships, demonstrating the need for cooperation across owners to effectively manage habitat.
The document discusses the Society for Range Management's Young Professionals Conclave (YPC), which aims to help student members transition to productive, contributing SRM members. YPC fulfills its mission through networking opportunities at business meetings, social events, and conferences to meet leaders in the range profession. It offers two $500 scholarships annually to help cover travel costs for the national meeting. YPC encourages involvement through leadership roles, newsletter contributions, and organizing events to inspire new membership and participation in SRM.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The study examined the effects of phenolic glycosides on aspen leaf intake by sheep in three trials. In the intake trial, sheep were fed aspen leaves with either low or high levels of phenolic glycosides. Intake varied but was generally lower for leaves with high phenolic glycosides. In the preference trial, sheep preferred smooth bromegrass and Utah pea over aspen in July and August, but preferred aspen in September. There was large variation between individual sheep in their aspen intake. The study suggests browsing herbivores can prevent aspen regeneration through leaf consumption and selectively culling problem animals or providing supplements could help improve aspen regeneration.
This document discusses cattle losses due to larkspur poisoning on grazing lands in Utah. Typical cattle losses are around 5% but can reach 15%. Clinical signs of poisoning include staggering, muscle tremors, and collapse. Grazing management strategies recommend grazing early or late to avoid the "toxic window" when larkspur is most dangerous. A study evaluated cattle breeds' susceptibility and identified genetic markers associated with resistance in Angus cattle. Further research aims to validate these markers and identify other genes influencing larkspur resistance.
The document discusses the effect of large wildfires on aspen recruitment. It analyzes two large fires in Utah - the 2000 Oldroyd Fire which burned 1329 acres and the 1996 Pole Creek Fire which burned 7113 acres. For the Pole Creek Fire, the document finds that 71% of potential aspen recruitment areas showed successful aspen recruitment in 2011, indicating a correlation between larger fire size and higher rates of aspen regeneration. The author concludes that large disturbances can overwhelm herbivory and allow aspen stems to successfully recruit when repeated over multiple years.
More from Utah Section Society for Range Management (20)
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAjin Abraham
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
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Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
👉 Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
📕 Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
👉 Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
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The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
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Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
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Key Topics Covered
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Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
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* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
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3. Why a Collaborative Effort?
Need
Concerns about the sustainability of livestock
grazing on three National Forests in southern Utah
Dixie National Forest
Fishlake National Forest
Manti – La S l National Forest
i
Sal
i
l
Goal
Develop consensus agreement on grazing
management principles and practices for Forest
Service lands in Southern Utah that:
provide for ecological sustainability
are socially acceptable
are economically viable
4. Participants
Ranching and Local Government
Environmental/Conservation
Brigham Young University
Utah State University
Advisory:
Utah Dept. of Agriculture and Food
p
g
Department of Natural Resources
Natural Resources Conservation Service
University
Grand Canyon Trust
The Nature Conservancy
Trout Unlimited
Local private conservation landowner
Agencies and Government
Farm Bureau
Utah Cattlemen’s Association
Utah Wool G
U h W l Growers A
Association
i i
County Commissioner
U.S. Forest Service
Headwaters Economics
Facilitation: Univ. f Utah Utah State U i
F ilit ti U i of Ut h & Ut h St t Univ.
6. Thinking about Indicators
An indicator: something to measure
that helps us understand a system
Indicators give us data to help answer the question:
“Is th
“I the system ecologically, economically, and
t
l i ll
i ll
d
socially sustainable?”
We asked: will the indicator change with grazing management changes?
Short-term or long term?
Small-scale or large-scale?
Important:
We did not judge if change would be good or bad, just whether it could happen
Other things (rainfall, national beef prices, etc.) may influence indicators, so…
Must look at indicators together to see if grazing management is sustainable
g
g
g
g
7. Ecological Indicators
Indicators
Two focus areas
Upland
Riparian
Example indicators
What to measure to understand the
health (sustainability) of the system
Many different ages of aspen trees
Evidence of seed head maturation
Evidence of erosion
Grasses hanging over stream banks
Stream bank trampling/hoof prints
p g
p
Simple Methods
Reference document is part of report
Shows how to measure indicators
Healthy aspe o th
Health aspen growth
(many different ages present)
9. Social and Economic Indicators
Recommendations for
grazing management
needed to be socially
acceptable and
bl
d
economically viable.
What should we measure to better understand the
relationships between grazing on the National Forests
and the economic and social issues related to it?
10. Economic and Social Indicators
Grazing matters at different scales:
We suggest measuring these ideas:
Individual ranchers and operations
p
Local communities
Broader public
Investment in grazing practices
g
gp
Opportunities to participate in livestock grazing on USFS lands
Diversity of grazing arrangements and public involvement
Community/County-level
Community/County level economic impact of public lands grazing
Using these specific measurements…
g
p
11. Selected Economic/Social Indicators
Dollar value of time, capital and investment related to grazing management
changes on Forest Service land
Number of permitted AUMs
p
by month, by USFS district
Number and acreage of diverse grazing arrangements
by permittees, by the USFS, and by others
by district, by year
Average expenditures per cow unit by ranchers who use public land
by county
And others…
12. Indicators
All indicators were
evaluated to make
sure they were
reasonable
Ecological indicators
have a potential
“simple
“ i l method”
h d”
included
Social/Economic indicators do not include suggested
methods, but some data is already available
15. Key Principles of Grazing Management
Time
Timing
Duration (length of time) of
grazing use in an area
When – what season an
area gets grazed
t
d
Intensity
How much gets eaten by
livestock while they are in
an area
Using these principles
together provides the
foundation for making
grazing more sustainable
16. Key Principles in Practice
An example change in TIME:
An example change in TIMING
Before: Grazing a single pasture for 4 weeks
After: Grazing a single pasture for 10 days
Before: Grazing a pasture during June each year
After: Grazing a pasture in June (year 1), Aug (year 2), Oct (y
g p
J
(y
) g (y
)
(year 3)
)
An example change in INTENSITY
Before: Animals remove 80% of the forage
After: Animals remove 50% of the forage
17. Grazing management practices
Menu of possibilities
24 suggested practices
Not everything works for every situation
Several kinds of suggestions
To directly influence time, timing, and intensity of grazing
To change grazing management decisions
To improve conditions for both livestock and ecology
To improve monitoring so we understand how to graze most sustainably
T i
i i
d
dh
i bl
18. Selected Grazing Practice Suggestions
Move water and salt to help manage where livestock go
Consider
C id combining allotments or pastures t i
bi i
ll t
t
t
to increase
flexibility
Use riders to actively move livestock
y
Consider multi-season rest for some areas
Use reference areas to improve understanding of the
ecological potential of an area
l
l
l f
Forest Service should consider using a broader suite of
ecological indicators to make decisions about grazing
management
And many more…
19. Suggestions for how to make it happen
Find permittees interested in piloting innovations
Share what is possible to achieve with grazing management
Find incentives to motivate permittees
Explore ways to have more flexible stocking rates
Involve diverse parties in monitoring
p
g
Ensure that Forest Service staff understand the flexibility
they have to help improve grazing
The F rest Ser ice sh ld respond to and/or create
Forest Service should res nd t and/ r
opportunities for multi‐party engagement in grazing
management in ways that may lead to changes in:
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) decisions on grazing
systems
Allotment Management Plan (AMP) revisions
(Timely) Annual Operating Instructions (AOI) development
Annual allotment monitoring (data collection and reporting,
sharing and discussion of results)
20. Other recommendations
The collaborative made these and other suggestions:
State ildlif
St t wildlife managers and th F
d the Forest S i could
t Service
ld
improve coordination and communication regarding
wildlife use of grazed areas
When an operation’s bottom line is at stake, making a
change can mean taking a risk. Appropriate incentives
encourage livestock producers to change.
Educational workshops for all stakeholders could help
improve knowledge, cooperation, and better decision
making.
The Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management
could coordinate to jointly increase opportunities to
improve grazing management
22. Report Elements
Everything is transparent
y
g
p
Appendices
pp
Executive Summary
Main R
M Report
Grazing Principles
Grazing Practices
Indicators
Ecological
Economic and Social
Recommendations
Lessons Learned
Process:
Background Information
Participants
Guiding Document
Operating Protocol & Process
Key Issues
Allotment Information
Challenges and Barriers
Final products
Indicator evaluation tables
Simple methods for ecological
indicators
23. How will these ideas be useful?
The Forest Service
Ranchers/Grazing operators
Monitoring ideas
M it i id
Process recommendations
Grazing management ideas
Involvement in monitoring
Conservation Community
Opportunities for
collaborative i l
ll b ti involvement
t
Monitoring ideas
Others
Opportunities f
O
t iti for
collaborative involvement
in monitoring, learning,
and grazing improvement
24. Where do we go from here?
Spread the word
Tools
Ideas
Monitoring ideas
Simple methods
Grazing management principles
Grazing management practices
g
g
p
U.S. Forest Service process suggestions
Relationships
Increased trust leads to increased communication
I
d
l d
i
d
i i
Involve others in learning and planning, no matter who you are
25. THANK YOU!
Full report available at: http://tinyurl com/grazingreport
http://tinyurl.com/grazingreport
OR: http://www.law.utah.edu/wp-content/uploads/Sustainable-Grazing-So-UT-FS-Final-Report.123112.pdf
26. Additional Detail:
Participants
Ranching and Local Government
Environmental/Conservation
Mary O’Brien Grand Canyon Trust
O Brien,
Joel Tuhy, The Nature Conservancy
Casey Snider, Trout Unlimited
Dennis Bramble, Local landowner
Agencies and Government
John Keeler, Utah Farm Bureau
Dave Eliason,
Da e Elias n Utah Cattlemen s Association
Cattlemen’s
Matt Mickel, Utah Wool Growers Association
Tom Jeffery, Wayne County Commissioner
Bill Hopkin, Utah Dept. of Agriculture & Food
Rory Reynolds, Dept. of Natural Resources
Shane Green, Natural Resources Conservation
Service
University
Val Jo Anderson, Brigham Young University
Chuck Gay, Utah State University
Advisory:
Allen Rowley, U.S. Forest Service
Julie Haggerty Headwaters Economics
Haggerty,
Facilitation:
Michele Straube, University of Utah
Lorien Belton, Utah State University
27. Additional Detail:
Complete list – Upland Ecological Indicators
Gross visual indicators of sustainable upland grazing
Soil stability
Percent soil cover
Evidence of erosion
Soil surface susceptibility to erosion
Plant species composition (compared to rested or reference areas)
Positive indicators – at extremes (e.g., a diversity of native flowers and grasses; aspen
stands with diverse heights of trees)
Negative indicators – at extremes (e.g., a moist meadow with extensive bare soil; evidence
of severe erosion)
Simplified
Si lifi d measure of plant di
f l
diversity (
i (count; species richness)
i
i h
)
Significant presence of plant species associated with poor grazing management (e.g.
stickseed, tarweed, pepperweed, any noxious species, etc.)
Full range of size classes of woody species present
Evidence of d i bl plant recruitment, i new (li l ) and medium size plants
E id
f desirable l
i
i.e.
(little) d
di
i
l
(bunchgrasses/forbs)
Evidence of seed-head maturation
Landscape composition and structure
Change in relative coverage of vegetation types
28. Additional Detail:
Complete list – Riparian Ecological Indicators
Gross visual indicators of sustainable riparian grazing
Percent bare soil (exclusive of rock)
Plant species composition (comparison to rested or reference areas)
Percentage of streambank with overhanging vegetation (with channel type as context)
Abundance of deep-rooted vegetation (sedges, rushes, and woody species)
Trampling/shearing associated with hoofprints (depending on channel type and grazing method for restoration)
In-stream conditions
I
di i
Simplified measure of plant diversity (count) (species richness) – accounting for patch diversity
Significant resence f lant s ecies ass ciated ith
Si nificant presence of plant species associated with poor grazing management (e.g., Kentucky bluegrass, redtop,
r ra in mana ement (e Kent ck bl e rass redt
noxious)
Evidence of seed-head (including willow catkins) maturation
Full range of size classes of woody species present (site dependent)
Evidence of desirable plant recruitment, i.e. new little, medium, etc. plants
Riparian area structure and function
Positive indicators (e.g., stream banks with grasses overhanging and shading the creek; dense willow of multiple
sizes)
Negative indicators (e.g., scattered old cottonwood and willow, with heavy browse of sprouts)
Pool depths
Sedimentation
In-stream water quality
Water quality
Macroinvertebrates
29. Additional Detail:
Complete list – Social/Economic Indicators (p.1)
(p 1)
Investment in Grazing Practices
Dollar value of time, capital and other investments (e.g., short and long-term
infrastructure, monitoring, land improvement projects) related to grazing management
changes on F
h
Forest S i l d / allotment by
Service land ll
b
Permittees,
Forest Service, and
Other entities
Total
T t l pounds of meat production / acre / allotment (5-10 year average)
d f
t
d ti
ll t
t (5 10
)
Opportunities to participate in livestock grazing programs on Forest Service lands
For Permittees
Number of individual permits and Animal Unit Months (AUMs) per permit by district
Permitted AUMS by month by district
Grazing use reported by district by month
For Other Entities
Identification of programs and partners engaged in grazing management arrangements by district,
e.g.:
Utah Division of Wildlife Resources (UDWR)
Conservation organizations
Utah Dept. of Agriculture’s Grazing Improvement Program (GIP)
p
g
g p
g
(
)
Watershed Restoration Initiative (WRI)
30. Additional Detail:
Complete list – Social/Economic Indicators (p.2)
(p 2)
Diversity of grazing management arrangements and public involvement that reflects a broad range of
societal values
Number and acreage by district and year of diverse grazing management arrangements, including but not limited to:
Changing kind and class of livestock
Rest-rotation systems
Deferred rotation systems
On-off systems
Non-use
Closed areas
Range improvements
Multiple allotments combined into a single system
Grass banks
Basis of (NEPA) / administrative appeals / formal objections of Forest Service grazing management decisions
Number of Forest Service decisions made annually that have participation from multiple stakeholder interests
(Forest Service, permittee and others). Count by Ranger District, broken down by these four decision types:
Allotment Management Plan (AMP) revisions
Annual Operation Instruction (AOI) review
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analysis leading to decisions on grazing systems
Annual monitoring (collection of data, report out of the findings, and discussions about the results and implications for future management)
Community/County-level economic impact of public lands grazing
Average expenditures per “cow unit” (1 cow/year or 5 sheep/year) per county by ranchers who use public land
cow unit
land.
[This indicator would likely respond only to large-scale changes in grazing management on the National Forests.]
31. Additional Detail:
All Grazing Management Recommendations (p.1)
Ways of changing grazing management decisions
Consider combining allotments or pastures to provide more flexibility for livestock grazing decisions.
g
p
p
y
g
g
This could be done by one operator or by many different operators, depending on the scale of the
landscape and the degree of interest in working together.
Consider multi-season rest in some areas.
Consider managing riparian areas/pastures differently than upland pastures to ensure that the
y g
g
pp p
sustainability of grazing in each area is appropriate to the resources found there.
Consider ways to have more flexible stocking rates so that grazing can more effectively adapt to the
resource conditions. This might involve individual permittees organizing operations to have more
flexibility, policy decisions by the Forest Service, or groups of operators working together to provide
more flexibility across a larger area.
Consider changing what kind of livestock grazes each allotment. Not every area is suitable for every
g g
g
y
y
type of livestock, due to topography and the type of vegetation needed for browsers or grazers.
Managing the kinds of grazers can affect the diversity of vegetation in an area. Evaluating how the
different kinds of grazers affect the sustainability of grazing in a given area may help clarify problems and
provide innovative opportunities for solutions.
Consider developing a grass bank or other forage reserve system. This could provide emergency forage
in times of hardship, or opportunities to rest other areas following treatments thus increasing the
hardship
treatments,
sustainability of grazing in the area long-term. This would also involve developing a system to administer
it.
Consider how to strategically use supplements (protein, for example, not hay) for livestock on the
forest. Done right, this could help increase the benefit that livestock get from forage, especially when
forage is dormant.
32. Additional Detail:
All Grazing Management Recommendations (p.2)
Ways to influence the duration, timing, and intensity of grazing
Use riders to actively manage livestock. This provides an active way to move livestock to
areas where they can graze more sustainably, and keep them out of areas where/when their
presence i l
is less sustainable.
i bl
Move key resources (like water and salt) that livestock need as a way to help manage where
livestock spend time, and how long they are there.
Add or remove fencing to provide opportunities for more flexible, resource-conditionbased grazing management decisions
decisions.
Ways to directly improve conditions for the benefit of both livestock and ecology
Utilize native plant seed whenever possible on range improvement projects. Having native
plants in an area improves the sustainability of the system since they are better adapted to
local conditions.
Actively manage vegetation for a healthy mix of successional stages (a range of ages in plant
communities). This might include many different techniques with the goal of having a variety
of different plant communities that provide resilience for the whole system.
Importantly, no one group is exclusively responsible for making positive changes. Most of these
recommendations involve communication and shared decision-making between permittees,
the Forest Service,, and p
potentially other p
y
parties as well.
33. Additional Detail:
All Monitoring Recommendations
Ways to improve monitoring for understanding how to graze most sustainably
Consider how to improve compliance monitoring (i.e. whether permittees and the Forest Service are
meeting their contractual obligations).
Develop monitoring (of ecological indicators, grazing implementation, livestock, etc) that helps improve
grazing practice. This means involving permittees and others in designing and interpreting the results of
monitoring, so that everyone understands how well different grazing management strategies work at
achieving various goals.
Use the results of monitoring as an opportunity to improve grazing management, whether that be
through permittee choices, Forest Service decisions, or other ways. Monitoring is how we understand
the changes in range condition created by different grazing management practices, so monitoring results
provide a great opportunity to understand how to graze more sustainably.
Consider using reference areas (ungrazed areas in otherwise similar conditions as grazed areas) to
understand the ecological potential of an area and provide an important reference point for
understanding which changes are related to livestock grazing and which may be due to other factors.
Involve a diversity of parties in monitoring. This can bring more expertise, more capacity, and more
funding to efforts to understand and increase the sustainability of grazing on Forest Service lands.
Involving multiple interests may help ensure that issues of interest to many different public lands users
are part of a larger monitoring strategy.
As with the other suggestions above, monitoring suggestions are simply a menu of possibilities. Some may
be greatly needed in one area, but impossible or irrelevant in another area. In addition, a wide array of
individuals and institutions could help implement monitoring suggestions. Nothing recommended here
should be considered exclusively the responsibility of any one party
party.
34. Additional Detail:
All Forest Service-Specific Strategies
Service Specific
The Forest Service should explore the extent of flexibility it currently has to adjust grazing time, timing and intensity to on-theground conditions, and educate its staff about the full extent and benefits of exercising such flexibility.
The Forest Service should build in flexibility when authorizing grazing to create opportunities to adjust grazing time, timing and
intensity in response to on-the-ground conditions. This may include authorizing the longest possible season or the maximum
on the ground
possible Animal Unit Months (AUMs). This would increase flexibility to adjust the very specific grazing season, or specific number
of livestock to meet resource objectives within a wide possible operating season. In creating this flexibility, the system must build
in accountability measures to ensure that flexibility does not undermine ecological sustainability.
The Forest Service should consider using new or different indicators to make decisions about grazing management. For example,
stubble height has been used as a key annual indicator for many years, but other indicators may be more useful in determining
whether Forest Service allotments are being sustainably grazed.
g
yg
Forest Plan Amendments may include default standards, with an option for permittees to develop an alternate (more flexible)
plan through multi-interest collaboration. Any alternate plan should include performance standards (an identification of specific
ecological goals that must be met), rather than imposing design standards (specific grazing management tools like utilization). The
use of performance standards can encourage flexibility and creativity in grazing management practices.
The Forest Service should encourage “early adopters” to pilot and experiment with new grazing management practices. This
would serve an educational purpose for those involved in the pilot as well as for others interested in improving grazing
pilot,
management on public lands. Pilots should be closely monitored to determine whether the new grazing management practices
are successful in promoting ecological sustainability, recognizing that it may take 3-5 years to see results. Pilot projects should
include annual accountability (e.g., monitoring and adaptive management).
Work to understand how other uses of Forest Service land, such as recreation, impact grazing sustainability, and how to address
any related issues (for example, recreationists leaving gates open between pastures).
The F
Th Forest Service should respond to and/or create opportunities for multi-party engagement in grazing management in ways
S i
h ld
d
d/
ii f
li
i
i
i
that may lead to changes in:
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) decisions on grazing systems
Allotment Management Plan (AMP) revisions
(Timely) Annual Operating Instructions (AOI) development
Annual allotment monitoring (data collection and reporting sharing and discussion of results)
reporting,
35. Additional Detail:
Other recommendations (shortened version)
Ensure that discussions about grazing management include other parties whose decisions
influence the sustainability of grazing on Forest Service lands.
Livestock grazing and wildlife management decisions should not be made independently
independently.
Encourage operators to utilize existing programs and resources to identify ways to improve
flexibility and sustainability of their operations.
Encourage communication and collaborative work among all interested parties.
Forests should be open and flexible to a di
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diversity of grazing arrangements on th th
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the three F
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in southern Utah, with no particular percentage designated for any given type.
Change in grazing management practices needs to be encouraged and supported by all
stakeholders.
Look for incentives for permittees that will motivate grazing management that results in more
forage and improved land health.
Decisions improve with transparency and input from diverse interests. Dialogue – face-to-face
conversation in which the participants listen to diverse opinions with respect and an open mind
– is an important tool for building trust.
Studies quantifying the direct and indirect benefits of a range of grazing management practices
provide valuable information, especially at a large scale (100,000 acres or more).
Technical assistance to ranchers should be increased.