This document discusses several potential medical issues that can arise after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). It states that seizures can occur in the days or weeks after a TBI in about 10% of hospitalized cases and are usually due to brain scarring. It also notes that a TBI can cause dilated pupils that do not respond proportionately to light, and clear fluid drainage from the head is a sign of a potentially life-threatening cerebrospinal fluid leak in 10-30% of skull fracture cases, often within days of injury.

1. Seizures
Or Convulsions
• If an individual experiences seizures or convulsions
after a blow to the head or other head
injury, it's important for them to seek medical care
right away. Seizures and convulsions can occur
after a traumatic brain injury. The majority of
individuals who experience a TBI don't have
seizures, but they are a possibility. If seizures
occur alongside a traumatic brain injury, they
tend to happen within the first days or
weeks following the injury. In rare cases,
seizures might develop years or months following
the injury. Seizures occur in about ten percent
of those who suffer a brain injury serious enough to
require hospitalization. They're usually related to
scarring in the brain that occurs because of the
injury. Seizures lead to strange movements of the
muscles, fumbling movements, staring
and unresponsiveness, strange
sensory experiences, or a lack of ability
to understand others and speak.

2. • A traumatic brain injury can cause dilated
pupils, which are pupils that have become
larger in size than normal. The size of an
individual's pupils changes naturally
depending on the amount of light in a room.
In bright rooms, the pupils shrink, while
they open to let in more light in dark
rooms. When the pupils are dilated,
though, they tend to be opened even in
bright conditions. If an individual's pupils
are dilated after a head injury, it may be
a sign a traumatic brain injury has occurred.
Sometimes dilated pupils will react to light by
growing or shrinking, but they don't tend to
have a proportional response to light. If
the pupil is totally unresponsive to
changing light sources, it's referred to as a
fixed pupil.
Dilated Pupils

3. Clear Fluid
Drainage
• Clear fluid drainage following a head injury
is cause for serious concern. This fluid is
often cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the fluid
that cushions the brain and spinal cord and
keeps the brain from sagging in the skull.
CSF leakage is a common complication of
a traumatic brain injury. Because
cerebrospinal fluid leaks can have serious
and potentially life-threatening
consequences, it's vital for the condition to
be diagnosed and treated as soon as
possible. In cases where the base of the
skull fractures, it's estimated that between
ten and thirty percent of
patients experience a traumatic CSF leak.
Over half of these cases happen within two
days following the injury, and the rest tend
to occur within a three-month period after
the injury.

4. For more information go to
• https://www.facebo
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