The document discusses the use of the present simple tense in English. It is used to describe habitual actions and routines, permanent situations, general truths, and planned future events. The formation of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the present simple is explained, including use of auxiliary verbs and changes to verbs ending in certain letters. Common time expressions and adverbs of frequency that are used with the present simple are also outlined.

1. PRESENT SIMPLE
 We use the Present Simple for:
 Habits and routines:
 Me levanto a las 7 todas las mañanas.
 I get up at 7 every morning.
 Permanent situations:
 Él vive en Londres.
 He lives in London.
 General truths:
 La tierra gira alrededor del sol.
 The Earth goes around the sun.
 Arranged future plans:
 Me voy de Madrid mañana por la mañana.
 I leave Madrid tomorrow morning.

2. PRESENT SIMPLE
 Formation:
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
FREQUENCY
ADVERBS & TIME
EXPRESIONS
INTERROGATIVE

3. PRESENT SIMPLE
 AFFIRMATIVE: SJ + V+ C
I live in London. Lions eat meat.
You like reading comics.
In the 3rd person singular, we add an “-s” to the verb.
He plays football. Alice comes to school by bus.
My dog sleeps in the garden.
If the verb ends in “s”, “sh”, “ch”, “x”, “z” If the verb ends in CONSONANT + Y, the Y
or “o”, we add “ES” to the 3rd person changes into I and we add “ES” to the 3rd
singular. person singular.
My brother watches TV. His kite flies very high.

4. PRESENT SIMPLE
 NEGATIVE: SJ + DON’T + V+ C
I don’t live in London. Lions don’t eat grass.
You don’t like reading books.
In the 3rd person singular, we use DOESN’T (= DOES NOT).
He doesn’t play football.
Alice doesn’t come to school by car.
My dog doesn’t sleep in the kitchen.

5. PRESENT SIMPLE
 INTERROGATIVE: DO + SJ + V+ C?
Do you live in London? Yes, I do / No, I don’t
Do lions eat grass? Yes, they do / No, they don’t
Do you like reading books? Yes, I do / No, I don’t
In the 3rd person singular, we use DOES.
Does he play football? Yes, he does / No he doesn’t
Does Alice come to school by car? Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t
Does my dog sleep in the kitchen? Yes, it does / No, it doesn’t

6. PRESENT SIMPLE
 Time expressions:
 At the end of the sentence.
I play football on Mondays.
I go to the gym every evening.
I get up at 7 o’clock.
 Adverbs of Frequency: always, often, usually, sometimes, rarely,
never.
 Before the main verb:
I always get up at 7 o’clock.
She never walks alone.
Do you often study at night?
 After the verb TO BE:
They are usually at home.