This document provides an overview of prepositions and conjunctions that are important for the ACT exam. It defines prepositions as words that show relationships of time, location, or between objects. It lists common prepositions and explains that prepositional phrases include a preposition and a noun or pronoun. The document also defines three types of conjunctions - coordinating, subordinating, and correlative. It provides examples of how to use each type of conjunction correctly and emphasizes the importance of parallel structure.
A guide for ESL students. I made this for my university students who are at about an intermediate level. Hopefully some other teachers (or students) can make use of it. Enjoy! Check out my websites www.ted-ielts.com adn www.davidteaching.blogspot.com if you like.
When subject and object refer to the same person termed as reflexive pronoun while reflexive pronoun used to emphasize the particular noun termed as an emphatic pronoun.
What Are Adverbial Clauses?
An adverbial clause (or an adverb clause) is a group of words which plays the role of an adverb. (Like all clauses, an adverbial clause will contain a subject and a verb.)
All adverbs (including adverbial clauses) can usually be categorized as one of the following:
Adverb Of Time
Adverb Of Manner
Adverb Of Place
Adverb Of Reason
Adverb Of Condition
Adverbs of Concession
Definition, list and examples in each adverbial clauses.
A guide for ESL students. I made this for my university students who are at about an intermediate level. Hopefully some other teachers (or students) can make use of it. Enjoy! Check out my websites www.ted-ielts.com adn www.davidteaching.blogspot.com if you like.
When subject and object refer to the same person termed as reflexive pronoun while reflexive pronoun used to emphasize the particular noun termed as an emphatic pronoun.
What Are Adverbial Clauses?
An adverbial clause (or an adverb clause) is a group of words which plays the role of an adverb. (Like all clauses, an adverbial clause will contain a subject and a verb.)
All adverbs (including adverbial clauses) can usually be categorized as one of the following:
Adverb Of Time
Adverb Of Manner
Adverb Of Place
Adverb Of Reason
Adverb Of Condition
Adverbs of Concession
Definition, list and examples in each adverbial clauses.
Writing Elements A Quick Guide to Grammar and Usag.docxericbrooks84875
Writing Elements
A Quick Guide to Grammar and Usage
Timothy P. Goss and Sabrina M. Goss
1
Using this Guide
Before we get started, you should note that this guide is, in no way, a comprehensive exploration
of grammar and usage. Many guides are available that will provide a much richer and fuller
understanding of the components of language usage. Instead, this guide has been designed to
help you, in a quick and efficient way, avoid some of the more common errors people make in
their writing.
It is a good idea to review this entire guide several times until the information becomes second-
nature. Having a good grasp on the basic rules of grammar and usage will make a big difference
in how your writing will be received in your academic and professional careers. It may even help
your love life, but probably not really help you teach your dog how to say, “Fiddlesticks” (every
piece of writing has its limitations).
Enjoy this journey.
2
Table of Contents
Clarity and Style:
1. Parts of Speech 3
2. Verbs and Verbals 4
3. Commonly Misused Words 5
4. Point of View: First, Second, and Third Person 6
5. Past and Present Tenses 6
6. Clichés 7
7. Sexist Language 7
8. Slang/Jargon 8
Grammar:
1. Subject/Verb Agreement 8
2. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 9
3. Sentence Fragments 9
4. Run-On Sentences 10
Punctuation:
1. Commas 11
2. Semicolons 12
Mechanics:
1. Abbreviations 12
2. Numbers 12
General Advice 13
3
Parts of Speech
All words in the English language have a particular duty to perform in a sentence or clause.
These parts work in concert with one another to create meaning. We can look at the way words
work in a sentence by either their function or by their form or definition.
By Function:
1. Verbs: These words determine the action that is being related (all sentences/clauses must
do something).
2. Nouns and Pronouns: These words serve as the thing doing the action (subject), or the
thing having the action done to it (object).
3. Modifiers (Adjectives and Adverbs): These words describe another word to help
distinguish or clarify the meaning being related.
4. Prepositions: These words shows how one word or phrase relates to another
5. Articles: These words are connected to nouns and determine the vagueness of specificity
of the noun.
6. Conjunctions: These words join clauses together.
7. Interjections: These words serve to express strong emotion.
By Form or Definition:
1. Verb: An action word. For example: Speak, run, fight, asked, claimed, and rocked.
2. Noun: A part of speech that stands for a person, place, thing, or idea. For example:
Truck, house, loss, ring, air, and sandwich.
3. Pronoun: Takes the place of a noun. For example: I, he, she, we, i.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. Prepositions
Prepositions are words that show where
someone or something is, or tells when
something is happening. They can also be used
to show a few other relationships, such as to
whom you give something, or if you do
something with or without something else.
3. Common prepositions
about above across after against along
amid among around at atop before
behind below beneath beside between beyond
but (meaning except) by concerning down during except
for from in inside into like
near of off on onto out
outside over past regarding since through
throughout to toward under underneath until
up upon with within without
4. Prepositional phrases
A prepositional phrase is a phrase (group of words)
that includes AT LEAST a preposition and a noun or
pronoun, which is known as the object of the
preposition. It is not important to know this
terminology, but this is an important concept to
understand.
When using a pronoun as part of a prepositional
phrase, make sure that it is in the objective case.
5. Prepositions in Idioms
Many prepositions have to be used in a certain way with
certain phrases. This is not because one preposition is
grammatically more correct, but because certain phrases in
English are idiomatically correct because they have always
been said a certain way.
For example, we would say: “She fell in love with him.” We
would never say, “She fell towards love at him.”
We would say, “He is hard at work.” We would never say, “He
is hard in work” with the same meaning in mind.
6. Conjunctions
Conjunctions are words that link ideas
together. There are three main types of
conjunctions: coordinating, subordinate, and
correlative.
7. Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions are probably the
conjunctions that you are most familiar with.
There are seven: for, and, nor, but, or, yet,
and so.
You can remember these with the acronym
FANBOYS
8. Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions can be used to join similar words,
phrases, or clauses. The most commonly used conjunction is
“and”.
Examples
Joining words: John and Kim went to the store.
Joining phrases: The mouse ran out the door and through the
garden.
Joining clauses: The mouse ran out the door, and I followed
it.
9. Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions can also be used to join two
independent clauses. An independent clause is something that
can stand on its own as a sentence.
Example
subject+verb +CONJ + subject+ verb
The professor paced, but the student sat quietly.
“The professor paced” and “The student sat quietly” could
both be independent sentences.
10. Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions are used to join a
dependent clause to an independent clause. An
independent clause is a clause that can stand on its
own as a sentence - it expresses a complete thought. A
subordinate clause is a clause that cannot be sentence
on its own.
11. Subordinating Conjunctions
Usually, a subordinate clause will describe either the
background circumstances of the independent clause, or will
give more detail about one part of the independent clause.
There are a lot of subordinate conjunctions, but some of the
more common ones include.
after, although, because, even though, if, once, since,
though, unless, until, when, whenever, where, wherever, while
12. Using Subordinating Conjunctions
You can use the following structures to form sentences
with dependent and independent clauses:
(subordinating conjunction + dependent clause) ,
(independent clause).
Example
Since she loved chocolate, she ate the whole box of
candy.
13. Using Subordinating Conjunctions
(independent clause) + (subordinating conjunction + dependent
clause).
Example: She ate the whole box of candy because she loves
chocolate.
Sometimes, a subordinate conjunction and dependent clause can
come in between parts of the independent clause.
Example: Sonja, because she loves chocolate, eats it every
chance she gets.
14. Correlative Conjunctions
These are very similar to coordinating conjunctions, but they
must always be used in pairs. These pairs are worth memorizing
because occasionally the ACT will test these to see if you
know which words belong together.
both...and
either...or
neither…nor
not only...but also
whether...or
15. Examples of Correlative Conjunctions
Both my sister and I went to the park.
Do you either want to go dancing or go to the gym?
The soup contains neither onions nor garlic.
16. Best overall tip for conjunctions
The ACT like to test parallel structure in sentences. When
two or more things are linked by a conjunction, remember that
they should have the same general structure.
Example:
Mike likes biking and to swim. INCORRECT
Mike likes biking and swimming. CORRECT
Mike likes to bike and to swim. CORRECT