The document provides guidelines for preoperative evaluation, admission notes, operative notes, and postoperative care of patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. It discusses the purpose and key contents of admission notes, preoperative notes, informed consent processes, surgical site marking, brief operative notes, full operative reports, immediate postoperative notes, progress notes, postoperative orders, and discharge summaries. The guidelines aim to ensure thorough documentation and communication between healthcare providers regarding patient care.
This presentation was done by RUTAYISIRE François Xavier and ISHIMWE Diane, medical students at University of RWANDA School of Medicine and pharmacy, department of medicine and surgery. They did it while they were in Year 4 (Doctorate2), under supervision of Dr Ntakiyiruta Georges,Mmed,FCSECSA. It tell us about what a surgical safety checklist is, and why is it important in surgical field.
This presentation was prepared by RUTAYISIRE François Xavier and ISHIMWE Diane, Medical students in Year 4(Doctorate 2) at University of RWANDA school of medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Medicine and Surgery. we did the work under supervision of Dr Ntakiyiruta Georges,Mmed,FCSECSA
This presentation was done by RUTAYISIRE François Xavier and ISHIMWE Diane, medical students at University of RWANDA School of Medicine and pharmacy, department of medicine and surgery. They did it while they were in Year 4 (Doctorate2), under supervision of Dr Ntakiyiruta Georges,Mmed,FCSECSA. It tell us about what a surgical safety checklist is, and why is it important in surgical field.
This presentation was prepared by RUTAYISIRE François Xavier and ISHIMWE Diane, Medical students in Year 4(Doctorate 2) at University of RWANDA school of medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Medicine and Surgery. we did the work under supervision of Dr Ntakiyiruta Georges,Mmed,FCSECSA
Peri-operative Nursing/Anesthesia/Pain ManagementWasim Ak
The care provide during surgical intervention (pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative period) is known as Peri-operative Nursing Care.
Peri-operative Nursing Care includes :
Pre-operative Nursing Care
Intra-operative Nursing Care
Post-operative Nursing Care.
Anesthesia means “loss of sensation with or without loss of consciousness” .
Medications that cause anaesthesia, are called Anesthetics.
Anesthesia is defined as a temporary state consisting of unconsciousness, loss of memory, lack of pain, and muscle relaxation.
Anesthesia is defined as a loss of feeling or awareness caused by drugs or other substances which keeps patient free from feeling pain during surgery or other procedures.
The World Health Organisation is a global tool to ensure safety in surgery. The principles and procedures are described for how to implement it in your organisation.
International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) help accredited organizations address specific areas of concern in some of the most problematic areas of patient safety.
International-Patient-Safety-GoalsGoal 1: Identify patients correctly
Goal 2: Improve effective communication
Goal 3: Improve the safety of high-alert medications
Goal 4: Ensure safe surgery
Goal 5: Reduce the risk of health care-associated infections
Goal 6: Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls
Surgery Resident clinical seminar on day case surgery presented to the department of surgery, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri, Bayelsa State
Peri-operative Nursing/Anesthesia/Pain ManagementWasim Ak
The care provide during surgical intervention (pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative period) is known as Peri-operative Nursing Care.
Peri-operative Nursing Care includes :
Pre-operative Nursing Care
Intra-operative Nursing Care
Post-operative Nursing Care.
Anesthesia means “loss of sensation with or without loss of consciousness” .
Medications that cause anaesthesia, are called Anesthetics.
Anesthesia is defined as a temporary state consisting of unconsciousness, loss of memory, lack of pain, and muscle relaxation.
Anesthesia is defined as a loss of feeling or awareness caused by drugs or other substances which keeps patient free from feeling pain during surgery or other procedures.
The World Health Organisation is a global tool to ensure safety in surgery. The principles and procedures are described for how to implement it in your organisation.
International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) help accredited organizations address specific areas of concern in some of the most problematic areas of patient safety.
International-Patient-Safety-GoalsGoal 1: Identify patients correctly
Goal 2: Improve effective communication
Goal 3: Improve the safety of high-alert medications
Goal 4: Ensure safe surgery
Goal 5: Reduce the risk of health care-associated infections
Goal 6: Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls
Surgery Resident clinical seminar on day case surgery presented to the department of surgery, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri, Bayelsa State
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Preoperative Evaluation and Investigations for Maxillofacial Surgery 1.pdf
1. Copy right 2021
Copy Right 2023
Preoperative Evaluation and Investigations for
Maxillofacial Surgery
2. BDS,MSc,MFDS RCS Ed, MOMS RCPS Glasd,
FFD RCSI,FDS RCPS GLasg
Senior Consultant OMFS
Head of OMFS Alamin Hospital
IMAXFAX center
Mr.Islam Kassem
3. • There is no conflict of interest in this lecture
• I have no monetary benefit from this
lecture .
• No implied sponsorship by any company to
the speaker
• all photographed patients were treated by
the speaker and consented for photographing
and public publishing
5. Admission Note
Purpose
An admission note is that part of a medical record that documents the patient’s status,
reason for admission for inpatient care to the hospital or other facility, and the initial
patient care instructions. Its purpose is to provide a concise and accurate assessment of
requirements of the patient to other health care providers who will be attending to the
patient. According to the Joint Commission, this must be completed and documented
within 24 hours following admission of the patient, but prior to surgery or a procedure
requiring anesthesia services (including moderate sedation).
6. Content
• Chief complaint (CC)
• History of present illness (HPI)
• Review of systems (ROS)
• Past medical history (PMH)
• Past surgical history (PSH)
• Allergies
• Medications
• Physical examination (PE)
• Assessment and plan
•
7. There are 14 systems recognized as follows:
• General
• Head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat (HEENT) as well as sinuses, mouth, and neck
• Cardiovascular system
• Respiratory system
• Gastrointestinal system
• Urinary system
• Genital system
• Vascular system
• Musculoskeletal system
• Nervous system
• Psychiatric
• Hematologic/lymphatic system
• Endocrine system
• Allergic/immunologic system
8. Admission Orders
Purpose
The purpose of the admission orders is to establish a set of clear and concise instructions
that will allow the nursing and auxiliary sta
ff
to manage the admitted patient according to
the requests of the admitting doctor. These are completed prior to admission to the hospital
through a standard set of instructions (ie, orders) that are to be carried out by the nursing
sta
ff
to ensure optimal care for the admitted patient.
9. Content
Diagnosis: The admission diagnosis according to the information that is available at the time (eg, maxillofacial trauma).
Condition of patient: Condition of the patient at the time of admission (eg, stable condition).
Vital signs: The interval at which the requisite vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure, are to be taken and recorded by the nursing sta
ff
(eg, record vital signs every [q] shift).
Activity: List the level of activity that you would like the patient to tolerate. Usually related to the type of injury, illness, or procedure that the patient has sustained or undergone (eg, as tolerated, out of bed to chair, encourage
ambulation).
Allergies: List any pertinent known allergies and, if available, the reaction that the patient has to that allergy (eg, penicillin w/ rash or no known drug allergies [NKDA]).
Nursing care: List the speci
fi
c orders that you require the nursing sta
ff
to perform, any consults requested, and when the admitting surgeon or service should be contacted in the care of the admitted patient (eg, nothing by mouth
after midnight [NPO MN], void bladder on call to operating room [OR]).
Diet: The type and route of nourishment of the admitted patient (eg, liquid PO diet).
Intravenous (IV)
fl
uids: The speci
fi
c type and amount of IV
fl
uid that the patient is to receive while in the hospital (eg, run dextrose 5% in half normal saline [D5 1/2 NS]
with potassium chloride [KCl] 20 mEq/L at 125 mL/h after MN).
Medications: Speci
fi
c name, route, dosage and interval of both hospital medications and home medications that patient may be taking (eg, 2 mg morphine IV q 4 hours as
needed [PRN] for pain).
Laboratory tests: List the speci
fi
c type of laboratory tests to be done on the patient
10. Preoperative Note
Purpose
The purpose of preoperative orders is to con
fi
rm that the patient is ready for surgery. This
includes con
fi
rmation that the necessary laboratory tests, radiographs, consultations, and
informed consents will be or are completed and assurance of their availability before
surgery.
11. Preoperative diagnosis
1. Right mandibular body fracture
2. Left mandibular subcondylar process fracture
3. Comminuted left zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture
Planned procedure and scheduled time: Open reduction and internal
fi
xation of fractures in operating room at 9 am tomorrow.
Indication: Facial bone and mandible fractures and malocclusion.
Labs/studies:
Na Cl BUN K HCO3 Cr Gluc WBC Hb Hct Plt
O
ffi
cial CXR and CT readings: Completed, reviewed, and on chart.
O
ffi
cial ECG reading: Completed, reviewed, and on chart. Type and cross-screen for 2 units in blood bank
NPO after MN
IV
fl
uids ordered after MN
Antibiotics ordered on call to OR: 3 g Unasyn (P
fi
zer) IV.
Anesthesia evaluation: Completed and on chart.
Operative consent: Signed, witnessed, and on chart.
13. Content
In general, the preoperative note should include at least the following information:
•Proposed surgical procedure
•NPO status
•Operative informed consent signed by the patient, surgeon, and witness, and
present in chart
•Laboratory test results
14. Preoperative Protocol
Informed consent
According to the World Health Organization, the American College of Surgeons, and the Joint Commission, it is critically important that the surgeon receive informed consent from the patient,
parent, or legal guardian before performing any procedure. Informed consent pertains to providing a full explanation in clearly understandable language of what you are proposing, your reasons
for wishing to undertake the procedure, and what you hope to
fi
nd or accomplish. Avoid the use of medical jargon. Be attentive to legal, religious, cultural, linguistic, and family norms and
di
ff
erences.
The informed consent process is completed in the following way:
Describe the planned procedure to the patient in understandable lay terms. Draw pictures and use an interpreter, if necessary.
Describe the risks associated with the procedure as well as those with any anesthesia.
Discuss any alternative methods of treatment.
Allow the patient and any family members to think about what you have said.
Ask the patient if they have any questions or concerns and address them.
Con
fi
rm that the patient has understood the plan.
Obtain written and verbal permission to proceed.
It may be necessary to consult with a family member or legal guardian/power of attorney who may not be present; allow for this if the patient’s condition permits. If a person is too ill to give
consent (eg, unconscious) and his or her condition will not allow further delay (eg, life-threatening airway obstruction from Ludwig angina), you should proceed without formal consent, acting in
the best interest of the patient. Record your reasoning and plan.
15. •Surgical Site Marking (Universal Protocol)
Purpose
The purpose of the Universal Protocol is to prevent the
occurrence of wrong person, wrong procedure, and/or
wrong site surgery in either hospital or outpatient settings.
16. The Universal Protocol consists of three stages:
1. Preoperative veri
fi
cation of the correct patient. Veri
fi
cation with at least two ideni
fi
ers (patient name, medical record number, and/or date of birth) ensures correct patient identi
fi
cation. Missing information and/or discrepancies must be addressed
before the start of the procedure, such as the history and physical examination
fi
ndngs and signed consent with the correct procedure veri
fi
ed in the medical record.
2. Marking the correct operative site. The Joint Commission as a part of its Universal Protocol mandates that the correct surgical site must be marked when there is more than one possible location for the procedure and when performing the procedure in a
di
ff
erent location could harm the patient (eg, right temporomandibular joint versus left temporomandibular joint). This is generally completed by the attending surgeon with the surgical site marked with his or her initials and “YES,” personally con
fi
rming the
surgical site is correct. The mark must be visible after the patient has been prepped and draped. Further, the Joint Commission guidelines purport: nnThe site does not need to be marked for bilateral structures (eg, bilateral temporomandibular joints).
The site is marked before the procedure is performed, ideally in the preoperative suite. If possible, involve the patient in the site-marking process.
The site should be marked by a licensed independent practitioner who is ultimately
accountable for the procedure and will be present when the procedure is performed. in limited circumstances, site marking may be delegated to a resident, physician assistant (PA), or advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). However, the licensed
independent practitioner is ultimately accountable for the procedure even when delegating site marking.The mark should be unambiguous and used consistently throughout the organization.
The mark must be made at or near the procedure site.
Adhesive markers are not the sole means of marking the site.
For patients who refuse site marking, or when it is technically or anatomically impossible or impractical to mark the site, it is recommended to use your organization’s written, alternative process to ensure that the correct site is operated on. However, some
anatomical structures such as teeth do not generally have to be marked.
3. Final veri
fi
cation/“Time out.” A deliberate pause in all activity is performed by a dedicated individual immediately before starting the procedure. Complete attention is given to the individual conducting the time out, and the following details are con
fi
rmed:
Patient name
Date of birth
Correct procedure site veri
fi
ed by the consent form
The correct site and side have been marked
Surgeon’s name
Procedure to be performed
All perioperative medications (antibiotics, etc) have been given Patient is properly positionedCorrect devices and any special equipment are available
4.
17. Brief Operative Note
Purpose
The brief operative note is created immediately after the surgery or procedure is complete and usually before the patient
leaves the operating room. This note highlights the important details of the completed procedure so the nursing sta
ff
at
the patient’s next level of care may be informed of what has occurred. The Joint Commission requires that the brief
operative note include the exact time it is written because it is very important to con
fi
rm that the note was recorded prior
to moving the patient to the next level of care.
18. Date/time: 09/08/2023, 10:02
Preoperative diagnosis: Mandible and facial bone fractures.
Postoperative diagnosis: Same.
Procedure: ORIF mandible and facial bone fractures.
Anesthesia type: GNETA.
Surgeon: Dr Islam .
Assistant(s): Dr Bassel .
EBL: 20 mL.
IV
fl
uids: 1200 mL lactated Ringer (B Braun).
Urine output: Approx 40 mL.
Findings: Displaced mandibular and facial bone fractures.
Pathology: None.
Disposition: Patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to PACU without complications.
•
19. Content
The brief operative note is a condensed and concise version of the more detailed operative note. It should contain the following information:
•Date/time: MM/DD/YYYY: 00:00
• Preoperative diagnosis: Reason for surgery
• Postoperative diagnosis: Diagnosis based on
fi
ndings at surgery • Procedure: What procedure(s) were performed
• Anesthesia (type): General, spinal, epidural, etc
• Surgeon: Name of attending physician
• Assistant(s): Resident, medical student, dental student, PA, etc
• Estimated blood loss (EBL): Estimated amount of blood lost during the procedure
• IV
fl
uids: Type and amount of IV
fl
uid administered
• Urine output: Amount of urine produced through the catheter during the operation
• Findings: Detailed description of what was found at surgery; describe sizes, location,
etc
• Pathology: Specimens that were sent to pathology for evaluation
• Disposition: Where patient is going from the operating room
•
20. •Operative Report
•Purpose
The operative note or report details the procedure completed on the patient as dictated by the operating
surgeon of record or designated associates (ie, resident or PA). If the individual dictating is di
ff
erent from
the surgeon of record, the report will include his or her name as well. Operative reports are created after
every surgical procedure for the purposes of both documentation and billing. The Centers for Medicare and
Medicaid Services require that the operative report be completed immediately after surgery, while the Joint
Commission will allow a hospital to de
fi
ne what this time period would be if there has been a brief operative
note already dictated.
21. •Content
•
• Preoperative diagnosis: Working diagnosis of perceived problem
• Postoperative diagnosis: Final diagnosis after the surgery is completed, adding any additional information that was not available prior to surgery
• Procedure(s): Detailed list of surgical procedures performed by the operating team
• Statement of medical necessity: Medical reason for the patient to have the procedure performed
• Surgical service: Service performing the surgery
• Attending surgeon: Name of the surgeon of record
• Assistant surgeon(s): Those who were scrubbed and participated in the surgery
• Anesthetic administered: The type of anesthetic used and method of administration (eg, general nasoendotracheal anesthesia, monitored anesthesia care)
• Operative report: Detailed description of the operative procedure as told by the individual who performed the procedure or a designated associate
• Specimen(s): Any tissue,
fl
uid, or material removed from the patient during surgery intended for examination
• Drains: Type and location of any device intended for
fl
uid drainage
• IV
fl
uids administered: Amount and type
• EBL: Estimation of blood lost during the surgery usually based on conference between members of the operating room team
• Urine output: Obtainable when a Foley catheter has been placed
• Complications: Detailed description of any perceived intraoperative complications
• Disposition: The condition of the patient at the end of the surgery and where patient is being sent
22. Immediate Postoperative Note
Purpose
The purpose of the immediate postoperative note is to assess the recovery status of the
patient in the immediate postoperative period (ie, the
fi
rst few hours following the
procedure) and once out of the postoperative care unit or postanesthesia care unit
(PACU) and on the nursing
fl
oor. This will include the
fi
ndings from a physical
examination to ensure early detection of any potential post anesthesia or postoperative
complications such as pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, atelectasis, and so
forth.
23. Content
The postoperative note should be more detailed than a regular progress note and should provide information
about the patient’s immediate postoperative recovery. This should include the
fi
ndings on an examination of
the patient’s lungs, heart, abdomen, extremities, and neurologic status. The note should list both the hospital
day (HD) number and the postoperative day (POD) number.
24. Progress Note (SOAP Note)
Purpose
This note indicates the patient’s current status and
further plans. The SOAP note easily lends itself to
an organized and recognizable standard format
that allows for a succinct and informative narrative
of the patient’s daily hospital course.
25. Content
• Subjective: Describe how the patient feels (eg, current symptoms).
• Objective: This includes
fi
ndings on physical examination, vital signs, laboratory results, etc.
• Assessment: Based on the above information, the practitioner’s opinion about the patient’s current status is presented.
• Plan: What is planned for the patient, such as change in medication, additional tests, discharge, etc. It may also include
directives, which are written in a speci
fi
c location as orders.
26. Postoperative Orders
The purpose of postoperative orders is to con
fi
rm that the
fi
ndings
and e
ff
ects of surgery are properly considered. As all previous
standing orders are automatically canceled when the patient goes
to the operating room, these orders must be recreated, if
indicated, and also include any new orders that need to be added.
27. Content
Postoperative orders are written similar to the admission
orders using the same mnemonic ADCVAANDIML, but they
are updated based on the procedure that was completed on
the patient.
28. Discharge Summary
Purpose
The purpose of a discharge summary is to succinctly
summarize the events of the hospitalization for the patient’s
primary care physician and other subspecialists. It is not a
day-to-day documentation of the patient’s hospital course.
29. Content
Date of admission/transfer: MM/DD/YYYY
Date of discharge/transfer: MM/DD/YYYY
Admitting diagnosis: Working diagnosis at the time of admission. This can be a presenting symptom (eg, oral bleeding).
Discharge diagnosis: The diagnosis at time of discharge cannot be a symptom or sign.
Secondary diagnoses: Include all active medical problems regardless of whether they were diagnosed during this admission.
Procedures: List all procedures with the date of occurrence and key
fi
ndings, when applicable.
Consultations: List names and specialties of all consultants who saw the patient while an inpatient (eg Dr Smith, infectious disease).
History of present illness: A brief summary (one to two sentences) of how the patient initially presented. May be followed by the phrase “see full H&P (history and physical) for details.”
Hospital course: Detailed account of the hospital stay, highlighting signi
fi
cant interventions and/or episodes such as any complications or improvements based on speci
fi
c treatments. This information should be thorough but not exhaustive in detail, such as day-by-day speci
fi
cs of activity and medication
regimens.
Condition of patient: Provide a brief functional and cognitive assessment.
Disposition: Where the patient is going following discharge from the hospital (eg, skilled nursing center, home with daughter).
Discharge medications: List all the patient home medications prescribed, including doses, route of administration, frequency, and date of last dose, when applicable.
Discharge instructions: Speci
fi
c details of activity level, diet, wound care, or other issues the patient’s doctor needs to know. This is di
ff
erent from the discharge instructions you give to patients, which include symptoms and signs to report or seek care for (eg, “call Dr X if temperature greater than 100” or “go to ER
if chest pain returns”) and must be in language they understand. They also should include a 24/7
callback number.
Pending studies: List all studies that are outstanding and to whom the results will be sent.
Recommendations: Include any necessary consults or studies that should be done.
Follow-up: Name of doctor, specialty, and appointment location and time. If the patient is to schedule the appointment, make sure you include the time frame in which the patient should schedule the appointment (eg, patient to arrange appointment to be seen within 2 weeks).
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