Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to physical and emotional symptoms that occur 5-11 days before a woman's menstrual period begins. About 85% of women experience mild PMS symptoms, while some have more severe symptoms that impact work or relationships. PMS is caused by fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels before menstruation. Common symptoms include cravings, acne, pain, mood swings, sleep issues, and other issues. Keeping a daily symptom diary can help diagnose PMS. Lifestyle changes and medications may relieve symptoms.

3. What is pre menstrual
syndrome???
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS or
PMT- premenstrual tension)
refers to a wide range of physical
or emotional symptoms that
typically occur about 5 to 11 days
before a woman starts her
monthly menstrual cycle. It is a
collection of physical and
emotional symptoms related to a
woman's menstrual cycle. About
85% of women experience some
degree of PMS. A few have more
severe symptoms that disrupt
work or personal relationships,
known as premenstrual
dysphonic disorder (PMDD) the

4. Cravings
Many women
develop specific
cravings when PMS
strikes, usually for
sweet, starchy foods
like chocolate cake.
The reasons for this
are not well
understood. Other
women may lose
their appetite or
develop an upset

5. Acne
Acne is one of the most
common signs of PMS, and
it doesn't just affect
teenagers. Hormonal
changes can cause glands
in the skin to produce more
sebum.
This oily substance
may clog the
pores, triggering a
breakout -- a visible
reminder that your

6. Pain
PMS can trigger a
wide range of aches
and pains, including:
Back pain
Headaches
Tender breasts
Joint pain

7. Mood
Swings
For many women, the
most troubling aspect of
PMS is its unpredictable
impact on mood.
Irritability, anger, crying
spells, depression, and
anxiety may come and go
in the days leading up to
your period. Some women
even have trouble with
memory and concentration
during this time

8. other
symptoms:-
sleep
problems(sleeping too
much or too little)
Slow,sluggish,lethargic
movement
Difficulty in
concentrating

9. Who Gets PMS?
Any woman who has a period
can get PMS, but the following
patterns based on age and
ethnicity have been observed:
PMS is more likely in the late 20s
to mid-40s. How PMS Affects
Older teens tend to have more Other Conditions?
severe PMS than younger teens. PMS can worsen the
PMS may be more severe in the symptoms of certain chronic
40s. conditions, including:
Asthma and allergies
Depression and anxiety
Seizure disorders
Migraines
Be sure to let your specialist
know if your condition gets

10. ? What Causes PMS?
???
The exact cause of PMS is
? not clear, but we do know
that levels of estrogen and
progesterone drop during
???
? the week before your
period. Many doctors
believe this decline in
hormone levels triggers the
symptoms of PMS.
Deficiencies in certain
??? ???
vitamins and minerals may
also play a role.

11. PMS or
Somethin
g Else?
The symptoms of PMS can be
similar to or overlap with other
conditions, including:
Perimenopause
Depression or anxiety
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Thyroid disease
The key difference is that PMS
symptoms come and go in a
distinct pattern, month after

12. Diagnosing PMS: Symptom Tracker
To figure out whether you have
PMS, record your symptoms on
a tracking form. You may have
PMS if:
Symptoms occur during the five It is important to keep a
days before your period. daily diary or log to
Once your period record the type of
starts, symptoms end within four symptoms you
days. have, how severe they
Symptoms return for at least are, and how long they
three menstrual cycles. last. You should keep
this "symptom diary" for
at least 3 months. It will
help your doctor make
an accurate PMS

13. MONTH________________ (provided by http://www.pms-relief.org)
Chart your PMS symptoms according to the following criteria.
Colour the boxes according to your symptoms: NONE = leave blank. MILD = GREEN. MODERATE = YELLOW. SEVERE = RED
PMS SYMPTOMS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Abdominal Pain
Acne
Anger, Aggression
Anxiety
Back Pain
Breast Swelling
Breast Tenderness
Cervical Fluid
Constipation
Cramps
Diarrhea
Difficulty Concentrating
Fatigue
Food Cravings & Binges
Headache
Irritability
Joint Pain
Libido (Decreased)
Libido (Increased)
Moody
Muscle Pain
Nausea
Ovarian Pain
Sadness
Sleep (Decreased)
Sleep (Increased)
Tension
Urinary difficulties
Water Retention
Weight Gain

14. When to See a Doctor????
If you have any
thoughts of harming
yourself, seek
emergency medical
care. You should also
see your doctor
promptly if your
symptoms are causing
problems with your job,
personal relationships,
or other daily activities.
This may indicate a
more severe form of

15. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Premenstrual dysphoric
disorder (PMDD) follows the
same pattern as PMS, but the
symptoms are more disruptive.
Women with PMDD may
experience panic attacks,
crying spells, suicidal thoughts,
insomnia, or other problems
than interfere with daily life.
Fortunately, many of the same
strategies that relieve PMS can
be effective against PMDD.
Risk factors for PMDD include
a personal or family history of
depression, mood disorders, or
trauma.

16. PMS Exercise can help
boost your mood and
Remedy fight fatigue. To get the
benefits, you need to
exercise regularly --
not just when PMS
symptoms appear. Aim
for 30 minutes of
moderate physical
(a) Exercise activity on most days of
the week. Vigorous
There's evidence that foods rich in B
vitamins may help ward off PMS. In
(b)Diet Rich in days
exercise on fewer B Vitamin
can also be effective.
one study, researchers followed more
than 2,000 women for 10 years. They
found that women who ate foods high
in thiamine (pork, Brazil nuts) and
riboflavin (eggs, dairy products) were
far less likely to develop PMS. Taking

17. (c) Complex Carbs
Complex carbohydrates, such as whole-
grain breads and cereals, are packed
with fiber. Eating plenty of fiber can
keep your blood sugar even, which may
reduce mood swings and food cravings.
Enriched whole-grain products also
contain the PMS-fighting B vitamins
thiamine and riboflavin.

18. (d) Foods to AvoidYou may be able to
reduce PMS symptoms
by cutting back on these
foods:
Salt, which can increase
bloating
Caffeine, which can
cause irritability
Sugar, which can make
cravings worse
Alcohol, which can
affect mood

19. (e)Small (f)Fluid-
meals Drink plenty of fluids (water
or juice, not soft drinks or
Eat frequent, small
other beverages with
meals. Leave no more
caffeine) to help reduce
than 3 hours between
bloating, fluid retention, and
snacks, and avoid
other symptoms.
overeating.
(g)Stress
Relief
Because PMS can cause
tension, anxiety, and
irritability, it's important to
find healthy ways to cope
with stress during this time.
Different strategies work for
different women. You may
want to try yoga, meditation,

20. (h)OTC Drugs
Over-the-counter pain relievers
can ease some of the physical
symptoms of PMS, such as
breast tenderness, headaches,
back pain, or cramps. OTC
drugs that work well for these
symptoms include:
Aspirin
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Midol
Cramp)
Naproxen (Aleve)

21. (i) Hormone
Treatments
Birth control pills
prevent ovulation by
regulating hormones.
This usually leads to
lighter periods and may
reduce the symptoms
of PMS. Other
hormonal treatments
may include GnRH
agonists lupron or
nafarelin, or synthetic
steroids such as
danazol. You may need
to try more than one
type before you find

22. (j) Other Medications
Women with severe mood swings or PMDD may
benefit from antidepressants. The most commonly
used drugs are known as SSRIs(Selective serotonin
re-uptake inhibitors or serotonin-specific reuptake
inhibitor); however, other types of antidepressants
are often prescribed to treat PMDD. Antidepressants
may be taken for 10 to 14 days before each period
or throughout the menstrual cycle. Those prescribed
to treat PMS include:
Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem)
Paroxetine HCI (Paxil CR)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Nefazodone (Serzone)
Clomipramine (Anafranil)
Other treatments for PMS include anti-anxiety
medications (Xanax, Buspar) and diuretics (HCTZ,

23. (k)Supplements
Studies suggest the following
vitamin and mineral
supplements may reduce PMS
symptoms:
Folic acid (400 mcg)
Magnesium (400 mg)
Vitamin E (400 IU)
Calcium (1,000 mg to 1,300 mg)
(l) Herbal Extracts
Herbal remedies for PMS have
not been well studied, but there
is some evidence supporting the
use of chasteberry, black
cohosh, and evening primrose
oil. Check with your doctor
before trying these herbs. They
may interact with medications or

24. Some of the lifestyles changes
Prevention often recommended for treating
PMS may help prevent
Getting regular symptoms or keep them from
exercise and getting worse.
eating a balanced
diet (with
increased whole
grains,
vegetables, fruit,
and decreased or
no salt, sugar, Your body may have
alcohol, and different sleep
caffeine) may needs at different
prove beneficial. times during your
menstrual cycle, so
it is important to get
enough rest.

25. REFFERED:
/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pu
bmedhealth/PMH0002474
AND
WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM
THANKS