Pragmatism is a school of philosophy originating in the late 1800s that focuses on practical consequences over abstract theorizing. It was developed by American philosophers William James, Charles Sanders Peirce, and John Dewey. They believed that truth is determined by what works best in solving problems and fulfilling human purposes and needs. Pragmatism emphasizes active experimentation and real-world problem solving over static metaphysical theories. It views reality as dynamic and changing, and knowledge as evolving. Pragmatism influenced progressive education with its focus on learning by doing through real-life experiences to prepare students for citizenship.