The document provides instructions for applying modify commands in AutoCAD to create technical drawings. It outlines how to use commands like Erase, Copy, Move, Rotate, Break, Trim, Scale, Mirror and Array to edit existing objects. The procedures describe selecting objects, specifying base points, and inputting values to precisely modify objects. The goal is for students to learn how to skillfully use drawing and editing tools to produce both simple and complex technical designs.
This document provides instructions for students on how to use AutoCAD to create technical drawings, including applying dimensions, text styles, and linetypes. It explains how to set up the drawing limits and grid display. It then provides step-by-step instructions on how to use dimension commands like DIMLINEAR, DIMCONTINUE, and DIMRADIUS to accurately measure and annotate objects. It also describes how to set dimension and text styles and use different linetypes to create clear and properly formatted technical drawings.
The document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in AutoCAD. It details how to:
1) Create layers, blocks, and insert blocks to represent electronic components.
2) Use printing commands to set the printing area, scale, and orientation to generate drawings.
3) Students will be evaluated on their accuracy and speed in completing these AutoCAD tasks.
Computer-aided design (CAD) involves using computer software to design and model objects. The main benefits of CAD include increased accuracy, faster design iterations, easier collaboration, and integration with computer-aided manufacturing.
This document provides an overview of computer-aided design (CAD) software and the basics of using AutoCAD. It discusses what CAD is, the benefits of using CAD like accuracy and productivity. It then describes the main parts of the AutoCAD interface and basic drawing tools. The document outlines how to set up a drawing by choosing units, scale, and limits. It provides step-by-step instructions for basic drawing techniques like drawing a box using lines and offsets. It also covers modifying drawings using commands like trim, extend, and fillet. Finally, it discusses strategies for laying out a basic floor plan and dividing it into sections. In summary, the document serves as an introduction to the CAD software AutoCAD and provides found
This document provides an overview of the 3D modeling interface and tools in AutoCAD. It describes how to set up the 3D modeling workspace and viewports, visualize 3D models using techniques like hiding lines and adjusting visual styles, work with the z-axis and user coordinate system, and create basic 3D objects. The tutorial is divided into chapters that cover these essential 3D modeling concepts and commands.
This document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in a computer aided design (CAD) class. It details how to start the AutoCAD software, display toolbars, create a new file, and save and exit a drawing. It also includes a results section to label parts of the AutoCAD screen, discussion questions about CAD commands, and a student reflection section.
This document provides descriptions and options for many AutoCAD commands. It lists commands like ARC, CIRCLE, COPY, DIMENSION, and LAYER that allow drawing geometric shapes and editing objects. For each command, it explains what the command does and lists any relevant options. The document is intended to serve as a reference for all of the main drawing, editing, and formatting commands in AutoCAD.
This document provides instructions for drawing the front view of a mechanical part in AutoCAD. It begins by explaining how to start AutoCAD and set up a new drawing. It then guides the user through drawing rectangles, lines, arcs, and other shapes to construct the front view. The document also covers commands like offset, trim, and mirror, and concepts like layers, object snapping, and different coordinate systems. Fillets are added to corners and hidden lines are drawn on another layer with a phantom line type. The drawing is then saved, completing the tutorial.
This document provides instructions for students on how to use AutoCAD to create technical drawings, including applying dimensions, text styles, and linetypes. It explains how to set up the drawing limits and grid display. It then provides step-by-step instructions on how to use dimension commands like DIMLINEAR, DIMCONTINUE, and DIMRADIUS to accurately measure and annotate objects. It also describes how to set dimension and text styles and use different linetypes to create clear and properly formatted technical drawings.
The document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in AutoCAD. It details how to:
1) Create layers, blocks, and insert blocks to represent electronic components.
2) Use printing commands to set the printing area, scale, and orientation to generate drawings.
3) Students will be evaluated on their accuracy and speed in completing these AutoCAD tasks.
Computer-aided design (CAD) involves using computer software to design and model objects. The main benefits of CAD include increased accuracy, faster design iterations, easier collaboration, and integration with computer-aided manufacturing.
This document provides an overview of computer-aided design (CAD) software and the basics of using AutoCAD. It discusses what CAD is, the benefits of using CAD like accuracy and productivity. It then describes the main parts of the AutoCAD interface and basic drawing tools. The document outlines how to set up a drawing by choosing units, scale, and limits. It provides step-by-step instructions for basic drawing techniques like drawing a box using lines and offsets. It also covers modifying drawings using commands like trim, extend, and fillet. Finally, it discusses strategies for laying out a basic floor plan and dividing it into sections. In summary, the document serves as an introduction to the CAD software AutoCAD and provides found
This document provides an overview of the 3D modeling interface and tools in AutoCAD. It describes how to set up the 3D modeling workspace and viewports, visualize 3D models using techniques like hiding lines and adjusting visual styles, work with the z-axis and user coordinate system, and create basic 3D objects. The tutorial is divided into chapters that cover these essential 3D modeling concepts and commands.
This document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in a computer aided design (CAD) class. It details how to start the AutoCAD software, display toolbars, create a new file, and save and exit a drawing. It also includes a results section to label parts of the AutoCAD screen, discussion questions about CAD commands, and a student reflection section.
This document provides descriptions and options for many AutoCAD commands. It lists commands like ARC, CIRCLE, COPY, DIMENSION, and LAYER that allow drawing geometric shapes and editing objects. For each command, it explains what the command does and lists any relevant options. The document is intended to serve as a reference for all of the main drawing, editing, and formatting commands in AutoCAD.
This document provides instructions for drawing the front view of a mechanical part in AutoCAD. It begins by explaining how to start AutoCAD and set up a new drawing. It then guides the user through drawing rectangles, lines, arcs, and other shapes to construct the front view. The document also covers commands like offset, trim, and mirror, and concepts like layers, object snapping, and different coordinate systems. Fillets are added to corners and hidden lines are drawn on another layer with a phantom line type. The drawing is then saved, completing the tutorial.
This document provides an overview of common AutoCAD commands, including their keystrokes, icons, menus, and functions. It discusses commands for drawing basic shapes like lines and circles, modifying objects through commands like erase, copy, and move, and viewing and navigating drawings using zoom and pan tools. The document also outlines settings for object snaps and layers as well as commands for dimensions, text, and hatching.
The document provides information on various commands in AutoCAD for drafting and modeling. It discusses commands for drawing basic geometry like lines, circles, arcs and polygons. It also covers modifying objects using commands like copy, move, rotate, mirror, offset, and array. Additional commands covered include trimming, extending, breaking, filleting, chamfering, and dimensioning. The document provides brief descriptions and procedures for using each command.
This document provides instructions for using various commands and tools in AutoCAD. It begins by explaining how to launch AutoCAD and type commands. It then covers using the mouse, zooming, panning, creating and opening drawings, undoing/redoing, and function keys. The document also provides step-by-step instructions for drawing lines, rectangles, circles, arcs, splines, and editing objects. It details commands for moving, copying, offsetting, extending, trimming, stretching, exploding, and breaking objects. In under 3 sentences, it outlines the key topics and commands covered for using AutoCAD.
This document provides a training summary on AutoCAD. It begins with an introduction to AutoCAD, including what it is, who developed it, and its uses. It then covers the different versions of AutoCAD over time. The main content sections include explanations and exercises on how to get started with AutoCAD, how to draw basic shapes and edit objects, set up drawings, add dimensions, change object properties like color and line weight, and work with layers. Trainees are guided through hands-on practice with the various drawing, editing and formatting tools in AutoCAD.
Gemini Architectural is Professional Cad and Cam Training Institute. We Provide Autocad Training at a professional Level. Autocad architectural Designing Software used by cad and cam engineers. Is basically Cover 2 version 2D and 3D.
This document provides keyboard shortcuts for various commands and functions in AutoCAD. It lists one-key shortcuts organized by function keys across the top of the keyboard. It also lists hot keys organized alphabetically from A to Z, with a brief description of each command. General features, drawing modes, screen management, workflow management, and drawing management shortcuts are also outlined.
The document provides learning objectives on drawing lines in AutoCAD using various techniques like the LINE command, coordinate systems including absolute, relative rectangular and relative polar coordinates, direct distance entry, and examples demonstrating how to draw geometric shapes and figures using these techniques. Key points covered include invoking the LINE command, using options like Continue, Close and Undo, understanding different coordinate systems, and examples showing how to draw figures by specifying coordinates of points.
Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) involves preparing drawings on a computer screen. AutoCAD is a commonly used CAD software that allows designers and engineers to create 2D drawings and 3D models. It contains various commands to draw basic shapes and entities like lines, circles, rectangles, and more advanced tools for editing, layering, dimensions, and hatching. Some key commands include LINE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, ARRAY, COPY, and HATCH. AutoCAD also allows organizing drawings using layers, text, and dimensions to fully detail engineering designs.
The document discusses various commands in AutoCAD including the line, polygon, and polyline commands. It provides details on how to use each command and their options. The line command creates single or chained straight lines. The polygon command generates regular polygons with equal sides and angles. The polyline command forms grouped objects that can include arc segments and be manipulated as a whole.
The document discusses various drawing tools in AutoCAD including splines, polylines, arcs, circles, ellipses, polygons, points, rectangles, and donuts. It provides examples and instructions for how to use each tool, including specifying parameters and options for creating different geometric shapes and curves. Snap settings like grid snap, object snap, ortho, and polar tracking are also covered with steps on how to turn them on and off.
This document provides an overview and instructions for using basic AutoCAD 2D commands and functions, including:
- Launching and navigating the AutoCAD interface
- Opening, creating, and saving drawings
- Using basic drawing tools like LINE, CIRCLE, and ARC
- Manipulating objects with commands like ERASE
- Understanding the Cartesian coordinate system
- Utilizing dynamic input, object snaps, and other drafting settings
The summary highlights the main topics and commands covered in the tutorial to introduce a new AutoCAD user to essential 2D drawing and interface skills.
This document provides an overview of various AutoCAD commands. It begins by explaining that nearly every action in AutoCAD is based on a command, and that commands are used to tell AutoCAD what actions to perform. It then lists some common ways to start commands, such as through menus, toolbars, or the command line. The document proceeds to explain important keyboard shortcuts and details of the command prompt. It concludes by listing and briefly explaining key drawing, editing, and text commands in AutoCAD.
This document provides instructions for an introduction training pack for learning the basics of AutoCAD LT in order to effectively use the CASSIO software for creating piping and instrumentation diagrams; it covers starting a new drawing, basic drawing commands like line and circle, viewing and modifying objects, and introduces the CASSIO software and how it integrates with AutoCAD LT.
The document provides an overview of the 3D modeling interface and tools in AutoCAD. It discusses launching AutoCAD and setting the 3D modeling workspace. The 3D dashboard, viewports, preset and named 3D views, and the steering wheel for 3D navigation are described. Commands for defining viewpoints like VPOINT and DDVPOINT are covered. Setting the thickness, elevation, and visual styles for 3D objects is also summarized. The document concludes with explanations of entering 3D coordinates, moving and filtering in the Z direction, using the user coordinate system icon and command, and defining a new UCS using the 3 point method.
This document provides an overview of AutoCAD for a high school class. It covers basic commands, saving, printing and key sequences. It discusses layers, their purpose for organizing a drawing, and how to manage layers. It also covers drafting settings like grids and object snaps. Modifying tools like erase, copy, and mirror are introduced. The document demonstrates array, move, rotate, scale and lengthen commands. It explains trimming, extending, breaking, chamfering and filling lines. It concludes with an overview of the zoom command toolbar.
This document provides shortcuts for various AutoCAD commands organized into categories like blocks, common commands, control keys, and more. It includes 3 or fewer letter shortcuts for commands to quickly access tools for inserting blocks, dimensions, modifying objects, and other drafting tasks. Tips are also provided at the end for using blocks and other functions.
I have made this when I was learning AutoCAD. There are command details, what they are used for and suitable example to see how the command works.
Hope it will be useful for beginners.
The document is a presentation on basic AutoCAD tools that includes sections on drawing tools, modify tools, layers and dimensions, 3D modeling, and various drawing, editing, and modeling commands in AutoCAD like extrude, revolve, loft, and sweep. It provides information on and examples of tools like lines, circles, offset, trim, chamfer, fillet, dimensions, coordinate systems, and creating 3D objects from 2D profiles. The presentation contains 38 slides with descriptions and illustrations of key AutoCAD concepts and functions.
This document provides a syllabus for the ME252 Mechanical Engineering Drawing course. The course covers topics like AutoCAD basics, fits and tolerances, gears, and exam structure over 15 weeks. Students will be assessed based on control tests, participation, and a final exam. The syllabus also outlines commands and tools in AutoCAD for drawing lines, circles, arcs, and editing objects.
The document is a practical evaluation form for a course on computer aided design using AutoCAD. It provides instructions on how to set up a new drawing, set drawing limits, and use various drawing commands in AutoCAD to create lines, rectangles, arcs, circles, ellipses, and polygons. These include selecting the appropriate tools from menus and toolbars and specifying relevant points or parameters at the command line prompts. The goal is for students to learn how to skillfully apply draw and editing commands to produce both simple and complex technical drawings.
This document provides an overview of common AutoCAD commands, including their keystrokes, icons, menus, and functions. It discusses commands for drawing basic shapes like lines and circles, modifying objects through commands like erase, copy, and move, and viewing and navigating drawings using zoom and pan tools. The document also outlines settings for object snaps and layers as well as commands for dimensions, text, and hatching.
The document provides information on various commands in AutoCAD for drafting and modeling. It discusses commands for drawing basic geometry like lines, circles, arcs and polygons. It also covers modifying objects using commands like copy, move, rotate, mirror, offset, and array. Additional commands covered include trimming, extending, breaking, filleting, chamfering, and dimensioning. The document provides brief descriptions and procedures for using each command.
This document provides instructions for using various commands and tools in AutoCAD. It begins by explaining how to launch AutoCAD and type commands. It then covers using the mouse, zooming, panning, creating and opening drawings, undoing/redoing, and function keys. The document also provides step-by-step instructions for drawing lines, rectangles, circles, arcs, splines, and editing objects. It details commands for moving, copying, offsetting, extending, trimming, stretching, exploding, and breaking objects. In under 3 sentences, it outlines the key topics and commands covered for using AutoCAD.
This document provides a training summary on AutoCAD. It begins with an introduction to AutoCAD, including what it is, who developed it, and its uses. It then covers the different versions of AutoCAD over time. The main content sections include explanations and exercises on how to get started with AutoCAD, how to draw basic shapes and edit objects, set up drawings, add dimensions, change object properties like color and line weight, and work with layers. Trainees are guided through hands-on practice with the various drawing, editing and formatting tools in AutoCAD.
Gemini Architectural is Professional Cad and Cam Training Institute. We Provide Autocad Training at a professional Level. Autocad architectural Designing Software used by cad and cam engineers. Is basically Cover 2 version 2D and 3D.
This document provides keyboard shortcuts for various commands and functions in AutoCAD. It lists one-key shortcuts organized by function keys across the top of the keyboard. It also lists hot keys organized alphabetically from A to Z, with a brief description of each command. General features, drawing modes, screen management, workflow management, and drawing management shortcuts are also outlined.
The document provides learning objectives on drawing lines in AutoCAD using various techniques like the LINE command, coordinate systems including absolute, relative rectangular and relative polar coordinates, direct distance entry, and examples demonstrating how to draw geometric shapes and figures using these techniques. Key points covered include invoking the LINE command, using options like Continue, Close and Undo, understanding different coordinate systems, and examples showing how to draw figures by specifying coordinates of points.
Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) involves preparing drawings on a computer screen. AutoCAD is a commonly used CAD software that allows designers and engineers to create 2D drawings and 3D models. It contains various commands to draw basic shapes and entities like lines, circles, rectangles, and more advanced tools for editing, layering, dimensions, and hatching. Some key commands include LINE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, ARRAY, COPY, and HATCH. AutoCAD also allows organizing drawings using layers, text, and dimensions to fully detail engineering designs.
The document discusses various commands in AutoCAD including the line, polygon, and polyline commands. It provides details on how to use each command and their options. The line command creates single or chained straight lines. The polygon command generates regular polygons with equal sides and angles. The polyline command forms grouped objects that can include arc segments and be manipulated as a whole.
The document discusses various drawing tools in AutoCAD including splines, polylines, arcs, circles, ellipses, polygons, points, rectangles, and donuts. It provides examples and instructions for how to use each tool, including specifying parameters and options for creating different geometric shapes and curves. Snap settings like grid snap, object snap, ortho, and polar tracking are also covered with steps on how to turn them on and off.
This document provides an overview and instructions for using basic AutoCAD 2D commands and functions, including:
- Launching and navigating the AutoCAD interface
- Opening, creating, and saving drawings
- Using basic drawing tools like LINE, CIRCLE, and ARC
- Manipulating objects with commands like ERASE
- Understanding the Cartesian coordinate system
- Utilizing dynamic input, object snaps, and other drafting settings
The summary highlights the main topics and commands covered in the tutorial to introduce a new AutoCAD user to essential 2D drawing and interface skills.
This document provides an overview of various AutoCAD commands. It begins by explaining that nearly every action in AutoCAD is based on a command, and that commands are used to tell AutoCAD what actions to perform. It then lists some common ways to start commands, such as through menus, toolbars, or the command line. The document proceeds to explain important keyboard shortcuts and details of the command prompt. It concludes by listing and briefly explaining key drawing, editing, and text commands in AutoCAD.
This document provides instructions for an introduction training pack for learning the basics of AutoCAD LT in order to effectively use the CASSIO software for creating piping and instrumentation diagrams; it covers starting a new drawing, basic drawing commands like line and circle, viewing and modifying objects, and introduces the CASSIO software and how it integrates with AutoCAD LT.
The document provides an overview of the 3D modeling interface and tools in AutoCAD. It discusses launching AutoCAD and setting the 3D modeling workspace. The 3D dashboard, viewports, preset and named 3D views, and the steering wheel for 3D navigation are described. Commands for defining viewpoints like VPOINT and DDVPOINT are covered. Setting the thickness, elevation, and visual styles for 3D objects is also summarized. The document concludes with explanations of entering 3D coordinates, moving and filtering in the Z direction, using the user coordinate system icon and command, and defining a new UCS using the 3 point method.
This document provides an overview of AutoCAD for a high school class. It covers basic commands, saving, printing and key sequences. It discusses layers, their purpose for organizing a drawing, and how to manage layers. It also covers drafting settings like grids and object snaps. Modifying tools like erase, copy, and mirror are introduced. The document demonstrates array, move, rotate, scale and lengthen commands. It explains trimming, extending, breaking, chamfering and filling lines. It concludes with an overview of the zoom command toolbar.
This document provides shortcuts for various AutoCAD commands organized into categories like blocks, common commands, control keys, and more. It includes 3 or fewer letter shortcuts for commands to quickly access tools for inserting blocks, dimensions, modifying objects, and other drafting tasks. Tips are also provided at the end for using blocks and other functions.
I have made this when I was learning AutoCAD. There are command details, what they are used for and suitable example to see how the command works.
Hope it will be useful for beginners.
The document is a presentation on basic AutoCAD tools that includes sections on drawing tools, modify tools, layers and dimensions, 3D modeling, and various drawing, editing, and modeling commands in AutoCAD like extrude, revolve, loft, and sweep. It provides information on and examples of tools like lines, circles, offset, trim, chamfer, fillet, dimensions, coordinate systems, and creating 3D objects from 2D profiles. The presentation contains 38 slides with descriptions and illustrations of key AutoCAD concepts and functions.
This document provides a syllabus for the ME252 Mechanical Engineering Drawing course. The course covers topics like AutoCAD basics, fits and tolerances, gears, and exam structure over 15 weeks. Students will be assessed based on control tests, participation, and a final exam. The syllabus also outlines commands and tools in AutoCAD for drawing lines, circles, arcs, and editing objects.
The document is a practical evaluation form for a course on computer aided design using AutoCAD. It provides instructions on how to set up a new drawing, set drawing limits, and use various drawing commands in AutoCAD to create lines, rectangles, arcs, circles, ellipses, and polygons. These include selecting the appropriate tools from menus and toolbars and specifying relevant points or parameters at the command line prompts. The goal is for students to learn how to skillfully apply draw and editing commands to produce both simple and complex technical drawings.
AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design software used widely around the world. It was first released in 1982 and has since seen 29 generations of updates. The software allows users to design in both 2D and 3D across industries like architecture, engineering, and construction. AutoCAD has various tools and commands to aid in tasks like drafting, 3D modeling, annotation, and sharing designs through tools like layouts and exporting to PDF. It also provides preset workspaces tailored for functions like 3D modeling versus 2D drafting. Users can customize settings, properties, and more to control how they design within the AutoCAD interface.
Solid works lab manual including auto cadPUDOTATHARUN
The document describes experiments conducted using AutoCAD and SolidWorks software to create 3D models based on given dimensions. In Experiment 1, circles, lines, arrays and other commands were used in AutoCAD to draw a figure. Experiment 2 involved using circles, arrays, mirrors, trims and other tools to draw another object. Experiment 3 provided steps to model an object in SolidWorks using rectangles, extrusions, holes, and fillets.
Viva Questions for Engineering Dawing and Graphicsshyamranjan2006
The document discusses several key concepts in AutoCAD:
1. It defines CAD as computer-aided design software used to create digital designs, and CAM as computer-aided manufacturing software used to automate production from a CAD design.
2. It describes common tools and commands found on the AutoCAD ribbon interface such as lines, circles, dimensions, and layers, as well as the quick access toolbar and command line.
3. It provides instructions for using common drawing commands like OFFSET, FILLET, CHAMFER, and explains the differences between creating individual lines versus connected polylines.
4. It also covers the important SNAP setting for aligning drawings to grids and geometry using endpoints,
This document provides instructions for several basic AutoCAD commands used to set up a drawing, including:
1. The LIST command to view object properties.
2. The DIST and AREA commands to measure distances and calculate areas between selected points.
3. The ID command to identify coordinate locations of selected points.
4. The UNITS, LIMITS, and SCALELISTEDIT commands to set the drawing units, limits, and available scales.
Tips are provided for using object snaps and setting the appropriate scales when setting up a drawing for a specific paper size.
AutoCAD is a computer-aided drafting software used by engineers to create 2D and 3D designs. It has many tools that allow users to draw various shapes and objects with precision. Users can create floor plans, sections, and elevations of buildings. Objects in AutoCAD can be edited and modified easily. The document provides an introduction and overview of basic AutoCAD tools and functions such as drawing lines, rectangles, circles, and 3D solids. It also discusses the use of different coordinate systems, editing commands, and hatching patterns.
Here are 10 key responsibilities of a civil engineer from beginning to end of the construction project to ensure timely completion:
1. Conduct a site survey and soil testing to analyze the land and foundation requirements.
2. Prepare detailed design drawings showing the architectural, structural, utility plans.
3. Obtain necessary permits and approvals from local authorities.
4. Tender the project and evaluate contractor bids to appoint the most suitable one.
5. Supervise the contractor during site preparation and foundation works.
6. Inspect and approve the installation of underground utilities and stormwater systems.
7. Oversee and inspect the building construction as per the approved plans and specifications.
8. Ensure quality
Here are 10 key responsibilities of a civil engineer from beginning to end of the construction project to ensure timely completion:
1. Conduct a site survey and soil investigation to analyze the land and soil conditions.
2. Prepare the site development plan, building layout, and infrastructure plans like roads, parking, drainage, sewage, water supply etc.
3. Develop a work schedule and cost estimate for approval.
4. Obtain necessary permits from the local authorities.
5. Supervise the foundation work, earthwork and infrastructure development.
6. Monitor the quality of materials and construction techniques.
7. Review and approve contractor's work progress and process payments.
8. Address any design or construction
Here are 10 key responsibilities of a civil engineer from beginning to end of the construction project to ensure timely completion:
1. Conduct a site survey and soil investigation to analyze the land and soil conditions.
2. Prepare the site development plan, building layout, and infrastructure plans like roads, parking, drainage, water supply and sewage systems.
3. Obtain necessary approvals and permits from local authorities.
4. Develop a detailed schedule and cost estimate for efficient project planning and management.
5. Tender the project and evaluate contractor bids to award the work.
6. Supervise the construction to ensure it meets specifications, standards and stays on schedule.
7. Inspect and test infrastructure like
The document provides an introduction to AutoCAD, including its origins and development. It discusses some of AutoCAD's key features like drawing 2D and 3D objects, editing tools, object snapping, zooming and panning. It also covers topics like units systems, paper sizes, hatching, solid modeling, and the difference between the world coordinate system and user coordinate systems. The document serves as an overview guide for learning the basics of using AutoCAD.
This document outlines a seminar presentation on AutoCAD. It begins with an introduction to AutoCAD and its history as a 2D and 3D CAD software. The document then covers various AutoCAD commands and functions for drawing 2D and 3D shapes, including lines, circles, extruding, and editing tools. It also discusses object snapping, zooming/panning, and using different coordinate systems. The document provides examples for many of the drawing functions. It concludes with advantages and disadvantages of AutoCAD, as well as references for further information.
This document outlines the procedures for designing a key part and generating CNC code for its machining using CATIA. It involves 7 steps for part design including sketching, extruding, filleting, pocketing, and finishing. 6 steps are described for setting up the machining operations of pocketing, profiling, and drilling. Generating G-code is done interactively by executing the program. The final product is a simple key part that is machined using 3 operations of pocketing, profiling and drilling as programmed in CATIA. The purpose is to apply CAD/CAM skills for designing and planning the machining of a basic part.
The document provides an overview of AutoCAD and its features for 2D and 3D computer-aided design. It discusses commands for drawing basic 2D shapes like lines and rectangles. It also covers more advanced topics such as object snaps, zooming and panning, editing objects, user coordinate systems, and drawing 3D solids and applying hatch patterns. A variety of tools and techniques are presented for working efficiently in AutoCAD.
The document is a lab manual for computer aided drafting (CAD) that provides instructions on AutoCAD commands and exercises for students. It includes an index, objectives, student learning outcomes, syllabus, list of exercises, and descriptions of various AutoCAD commands for drawing and modifying objects. The exercises involve studying AutoCAD commands, preparing 2D drawings of residential buildings, municipal drawings, and project working drawings.
This document provides an outline and overview of AutoCAD, a commercial 2D and 3D computer-aided design software. It discusses AutoCAD's history and development since 1982, how to use basic drawing tools and commands, editing functions, working with user and world coordinate systems, and creating solid 3D objects. The advantages of AutoCAD include compatibility with other CAD programs and reduced training costs, while disadvantages include limited file formats and non-parametric design capabilities.
This document provides an outline and overview of the AutoCAD software. It begins with a brief introduction of AutoCAD and its history as a CAD software dating back to 1982. The document then covers key topics like giving commands, zooming/panning, drawing both 2D and 3D shapes, editing tools, user coordinate systems, homework assignments, advantages and disadvantages of AutoCAD, and references.
The document provides an outline and overview of an AutoCAD training presentation. It discusses the history of AutoCAD, how to use common commands like zooming and object snapping, how to draw both 2D and 3D shapes, and how to edit drawings. It also covers more advanced topics like hatching, working with the user coordinate system, and assigning homework for trainees to complete. The overall purpose is to instruct attendees on the basic and some intermediate functions of the AutoCAD software.
This document outlines a course on Computer Aided Design (CAD). The course will provide 30 hours of instruction over 15 weeks on using CAD software. Students will learn how to produce drawings for graphics, electrical components, circuit schematics, and wiring diagrams. Upon completing the course, students should be able to describe CAD concepts, use drawing commands proficiently in the software, and produce precise technical drawings faster. Examples of 2D and 3D drawings from mechanical, civil, and electrical engineering are shown. The course will use AutoCAD 2004 software and cover topics like file formats, system requirements, and benefits of CAD over manual drawing. Students will be assessed through practical work, chapter problems, and tests.
This document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in a computer aided design course. Students are tasked with using AutoCAD to produce technical drawings, including an electrical wiring layout for a home. The procedures outline how to set up layers for different elements, import design files, and print the completed drawings with various layer combinations. The goal is for students to practice precision drawing of schematics and wiring diagrams using AutoCAD commands. A reflection section at the end allows students to comment on what they learned from the exercise.
This document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in a computer aided design course. Students are asked to use AutoCAD to accurately draw an electronic schematic circuit. They must set the drawing limits and grid, create layers for different circuit elements, insert block components from another file, add wiring and text labels to the appropriate layers, and print the final drawing in stages. The objectives are to learn how to produce electronic schematic drawings and make use of AutoCAD commands efficiently. Upon completion, students must provide a reflection on what they learned.
This document provides instructions for a practical evaluation using AutoCAD to create an electronic schematic circuit drawing. Students will be assessed on their ability to accurately draw circuit components, wiring, and labels using different layers. The task involves setting up a new drawing space, inserting electronic component blocks, arranging the components, adding wiring and text labels to produce a simple DC power supply schematic. Students will then print the drawing, and answer questions about using layers and modifying duplicated text.
This document appears to be an assignment or evaluation for a computer-aided design (CAD) course. It instructs students to create CAD drawings of various figures using AutoCAD software while applying commands like Modify, Edit, and Object Snap. The assignment is evaluated based on accuracy, timeliness, and skills like setting the correct page size and measurement units, redrawing figures to scale without dimensions, and identifying appropriate Modify and Object Snap commands.
This document contains an evaluation form for a practical exam on introducing AutoCAD. It instructs students to create a drawing using absolute, relative and polar coordinate systems to redraw a diagram. They must enter the coordinates into a table and save the drawing file. It provides the procedures, equipment needed, and evaluation criteria for accuracy and timeliness.
1. The document provides instructions for an AutoCAD assignment involving applying drawing and editing commands to produce technical drawings. Students are asked to create a new drawing space using metric measurements, set the drawing limits to A4 paper size, and redraw figures at full scale while adding dimensions.
2. The assignment aims to help students practice using edit/modify commands like erase, move, rotate, and dimensioning styles to create and annotate simple and complex technical drawings.
3. Students are evaluated on their accuracy and timeliness in completing the figures, and are asked discussion and reflection questions about dimension commands and what they learned.
This document provides instructions for a practical evaluation in a computer aided design course. Students will be evaluated on their ability to create drawings in AutoCAD using different coordinate input methods, including absolute, relative, and polar coordinates. They are asked to redraw a sample diagram using each method and record their coordinate inputs in a table. The document provides background on coordinate systems and step-by-step instructions for completing the assignment.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
1. EC202- Computer Aided Design
PRACTICAL EVALUATION FORM
NAME:………………………………………………………. CLASS.: ………………
REGISTRATION NO.: ………………………………………
PRACTICAL WORK: 4
APPLICATION OF AUTOCAD PACKAGE IN TECHNICAL AND ELECTRICAL
DRAWINGS: THE EDIT/MODIFY COMMANDS AND DISPLAY CONTROLS
No.
Skill
i. Accuracy
ii. Within Time Frame
Excellent
(8-10 marks)
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.1
Average
(5-7 Marks)
Weak
(0-4 Marks)
Total
1.
Part A: Setting A4 Metric
Measurement
2.
Part B: Create Objects &
Modify Commands
Sub-Total /20
No. Report Total
1. Discussion /4
2 Question /4
3. Reflection /2
Sub-Total /10
Total /30
2. EC202- Computer Aided Design
PRACTICAL WORK: 4
TITLE : APPLICATION OF AUTOCAD PACKAGE IN TECHNICAL AND
ELECTRICAL DRAWINGS
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME:
CLO 4: Apply the draw and edit/modify commands skillfully to produce
simple and complex technical drawings.
OBJECTIVES: The students should be able to:
1. Edit objects by using the Edit/Modify Commands such as Erase, Move,
Rotate, Break, Trim, Scale, Mirror, Array, Stretch, Extend, Fillet,
Chamfer, Offset, Divider, Measure, Change and Poly-Edit.
2. Draw and Edit simple and complex technical drawings by making use of
the Draw and Edit/Modify commands.
THEORY :
AutoCAD drawings are rarely completed simply by drawing lines, circles etc. Most likely
you will need to Modify these basic drawing objects in some way in order to create the
image you need. AutoCAD provides a whole range of modify tools such as Move, Copy,
Rotate and Mirror.
For easier editing, especially in more complex drawing, display controls such as the Zoom
and Pan commands are used. Depending on the selections made, they only change the views
but do not change the actual size.
EQUIPMENT : 1. Desktop Computer/Laptop
2. AutoCAD 2004 Software
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.2
3. EC202- Computer Aided Design
PROCEDURE :
Part A: Drawing Setup
1. Start AutoCAD to begin drawing.
2. Create a new drawing space using the Metric measurement.
3. Set the drawing limits to A4 paper size.
4. Display the grid to the extent of the drawing limits.
Part B: Modify Commands
The Modify tools can be accessed in one of three ways:
i. Selecting the Modify commands from the Pull-down Menu <Modify>
Fig. 4.1: Pull-down Menu <Modify>
ii. Selecting the required icon from the Toolbar <Modify>
Fig. 4.2: Modify Toolbar
iii. Typing names or shortcuts at the Keyboard and press [Enter]
Fig. 4.3: Keyboard Entry
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.3
4. EC202- Computer Aided Design
1. The Erase Command
The Erase command is one of the simplest AutoCAD commands and is one of the most
used. The command erases (deletes) any selected object(s) from the drawing. Remember
you can always get deleted objects back by typing U to undo, from the Standard
toolbar or by using the OOPS command.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Erase
Keyboard ERASE short-cut E
Erase an object by following the instructions below:
Command: ERASE
Select objects: (pick an object to erase)
Select objects: (to end the selection and erase the object)
If you simply want to erase the last object you created you can type L at the "Select
objects" prompt. The last object will be highlighted and you can then select more
objects or to end the command.
2. The Copy Command
The Copy command can be used to create one or more duplicates of any drawing object
or objects which you have previously created. Copy is a very useful and time-saving
command because you can create very complex drawing elements and then simply copy
them as many times as you like.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Copy
Keyboard COPY short-cut CP
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.4
5. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Copy an object by doing the following instructions below:
Command: COPY
Select objects: (pick object to copy, P1)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: (pick P2)
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>:(pick P3)
The Multiple option allows you to create additional copies of the selected object(s) by
picking as many new points as you like. To end a multiple copy, just press the key.
3. The Move Command
The Move command works in a similar way to the Copy command except that no copy
is made, the selected object(s) is simply moved from one location to another.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Move
Keyboard MOVE short-cut M
Move an object by following the instructions below:
Command: MOVE
Select objects: (pick object to move)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify base point or displacement: (pick P1)
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: (pick P2)
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.5
6. EC202- Computer Aided Design
4. The Rotate Command
The Rotate command allows an object or objects to be rotated about a point selected by
the user. AutoCAD prompts for a second rotation point or an angle which can be typed
at the keyboard.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Rotate
Keyboard ROTATE short-cut RO
Rotate the object by following the instructions below:
Command: ROTATE
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
Select objects: (pick object to rotate)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify base point: (pick base point, P1)
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: (pick second point, or enter angle)
Remember, by default, AutoCAD angles start at 3 o'clock and increase in an anti-clockwise
direction. The "ANGDIR" and "ANGBASE" variables remind you of this.
If you want to rotate in a clockwise direction you can enter a negative angle by using
a minus sign.
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.6
Note that as with the
Copy command, the two
pick points, P1 and P2
are used only to indicate
the distance and
direction of movement.
7. EC202- Computer Aided Design
5. The Break Command
The Break command which enables you to break (remove part of) an object by defining
two break points, can be used with lines, polylines, circles, arcs ellipses, splines, xlines
and rays. When you break an object, you can either select the object using the first break
point or then pick the second break point, or you can select the object and then pick the
two break points.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Break
Keyboard BREAK short-cut BR
Break the object by following the instructions below:
Command: BREAK
Select objects: (select the object using the first break point, P1)
Specify second break point or [First point]: (pick the second break point, P2)
6. The Trim Command
The Trim command can be used to trim a part of an object. In order to trim an object you
must draw a second object which forms the "cutting edge". Cutting edges can be lines,
xlines, rays, polylines, circles, arcs or ellipses. Blocks and text cannot be trimmed or
used as cutting edges. The Trim command, unlike most other modify commands requires
that two separate object selections are made. The cutting edges are selected first (there
can be one or more) and then the objects to be trimmed are selected.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Trim
Keyboard TRIM short-cut TR
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.7
The section of the
object is removed and
the command ends.
8. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Trim an object by following the instructions below:
Command: TRIM
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects: (select the cutting edge, P1)
Select objects: (to end cutting edge selection)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.8
(pick the circle. P2)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:
(pick the part of the square which you want to trim, P3)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (to end)
7. The Scale Command
The Scale command can be used to change the size of an object or group of objects. You
are prompted for a pick point about which the selection set will be scaled. Scaling can
then be completed by picking a second point or by entering a scale factor at the
keyboard. For example, a scale factor of 2, will double the size of the objects in the
selection set and a factor of 0.5 will halve them.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Scale
Keyboard SCALE short-cut SC
Notice that at each trimming
step you are given the option to
undo the previous trim. This
can be very useful if you
inadvertently pick the wrong
object.
9. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Scale an object any following the instructions below:
Command: SCALE
Select objects: (pick objects to be scaled)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify base point: (pick base point, P1)
Specify scale factor or [Reference]: (pick second point, P2 or enter scale factor)
In the example shown above, the original tree symbol has been enlarged by
dynamically scaling it using pick points to determine the change in scale. If you want
to scale an object precisely, it is much easier to enter a scale factor using the
keyboard.
8. The Mirror Command
The Mirror command allows you to mirror selected objects in your drawing by picking
them and then defining the position of an imaginary mirror line using two points.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Mirror
Keyboard MIRROR short-cut MI
Mirror an object by following the instructions below:
Command: MIRROR
Select objects: (pick object to mirror)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify first point of mirror line: (pick P12)
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.9
10. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Specify second point of mirror line: (pick P1)
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: (for No to keep the original object)
Notice that in the command sequence above, pressing the key when asked
whether to "Delete source objects?" resulted in a "No" response. This is because
"No" is the default option. AutoCAD always shows the default option within
triangular brackets, in this case "<N>".
9. The Array Command
The Array command makes multiple copies of selected objects in a rectangular matrix
(columns and rows) or a polar (circular) pattern. It is now completely dialogue box
driven with the option to see a preview of the array before it is created. When creating
rectangular arrays it is important to remember that new rows are created above the
original object and new columns are created to the right of the original object. The
resulting array is, therefore, always created with the original object in the bottom left
hand position with respect to the current co-ordinate system.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Array
Keyboard ARRAY short-cut AR
a. Rectangular Array
To create a rectangular array consisting of 6 rectangles (each rectangle measured 20
drawing units wide and 10 drawing units tall), arranged in three rows and two
columns do the following instructions:
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.10
11. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Create a rectangle.
Command: RECTANGLE
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.11
(pick a point)
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: @20,10
Start the command array.
Command: ARRAY
A dialogue box as in Fig. 5.4 will appear.
Fig. 4.4: Array Command selection <rectangular array>
Click for the Rectangular Array radio button and follow the steps below:
12. EC202- Computer Aided Design
1. Click the Select objects button. The dialogue box will temporarily disappear
enabling you to select the rectangle you just drew. Press [Enter] on your
keyboard to complete the selection. You are now returned to the dialogue box
and the message immediately below the Select Objects button should read "1
objects selected".
2. Enter the number of rows required in the Rows edit box. For this example, enter
the value "3". Notice that the schematic preview on the right hand side of the
dialogue box updates to reflect the values you are entering.
3. Enter the number of columns required in the Columns edit box. Enter the value
"2".
4. Enter the row offset in the Row Offset edit box. This is the distance DR in the
illustration above. Note that this is not the distance between rows. In this
example, our rectangle is 10 units high and we will enter a row offset of 15. The
result will be a 5 unit gap between rectangles.
5. Enter the column offset in the Column Offset edit box. The same parameters
apply as for the row offset. Enter a value of 25 to give a 5 unit gap between our
rectangles.
Click on the Preview button. Once again, the dialogue box disappears and the
specified array is temporarily drawn so that we can preview it. We are now offered 3
choices.
If the array isn't quite right, click the Modify button to return to the Array
dialogue box. If you are happy with the array, click the Accept button, the array
will be permanently drawn and the command is ended.
You should now have an array that looks similar to the one in the illustration above
consisting of 6 rectangles arranged in 3 rows and 2 columns.
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.12
13. EC202- Computer Aided Design
6. The Polar Array
The polar array works in a similar way to the rectangular array. The main difference is
that rather than specifying the number and offset for rows and columns, you must
specify a center point and the total number of objects in the array (including the original
object).
To create a polar array consisting of a original rectangle and being copied 6 times
through a center point C, through an angle of 360 degrees (full circle), do the following
instructions:
Create a rectangle, similar to one drawn in the rectangular array above.
Start the Array command
Command: ARRAY A dialogue box as in Fig. 5.4 will appear.
Fig. 4.5: Array Command selection <Polar array>
Click the Polar Array radio button and follow the steps below:
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.13
14. EC202- Computer Aided Design
1. Click the Select objects button. The dialogue box will temporarily disappear
enabling you to select the rectangle you just drew. Press the [Enter] on your
keyboard to complete the selection. You are now returned to the dialogue box and
the message immediately below the Select Objects button should read "1 objects
selected".
2. Specify the center point for the array. This is the point C in the illustration above.
You can do this, either by entering x and y co-ordinates into the appropriate edit
boxes if you know what these values should be, or click the Pick Center Point
button to pick a point from the drawing area. Pick a point somewhere below the
rectangle you have just drawn.
3. Enter a value for the total number of items. For this example, enter the value "6".
Notice that once again, the schematic preview updates to reflect the values you have
entered.
4. Make sure that the Rotate items as copied checkbox is checked.
5. Click on the Preview button. Once again, the dialogue box disappears and the
specified array is temporarily drawn so that we can preview it. We are now offered 3
choices as stated in the Rectangular array command.
10. The Stretch Command
The Stretch command can be used to move one or more vertices of an object whilst
leaving the rest of the object unchanged. In the example below, a rectangle has been
stretched by moving one vertex to create an irregular shape.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Stretch
Keyboard STRETCH short-cut S
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.14
15. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Stretch an object by following the instructions below:
Command: STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...
Select objects: (pick first point of crossing window, P1)
Specify opposite corner: (pick second point of window, P2)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify base point or displacement: (pick base point, P3)
Specify second point of displacement: (pick second point, P4)
11. The Extend Command
This command extends a line, polyline or arc to meet another drawing object (known as
the boundary edge). It works in a similar way to the Trim command, described above.
Two selections are made, one for the boundary edge(s) and one for the object(s) to
extend. Lines and other objects can be extended in one of two directions. AutoCAD does
not intuitively know where the boundary edge lies so you must explicitly indicate the
direction of extension by picking either one side or other of the midpoint.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Extend
Keyboard EXTEND short-cut EX
Extend an object by following the instructions below:
Command: EXTEND
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select boundary edges ...
Select objects: (select the boundary edge, P1)
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.15
To select vertices
to stretch, you
must use a
crossing window
or polygon.
16. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Select objects: (to end boundary edge selection)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (pick the
object which you want to be extended, P2)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (pick another
object which you want to be extended, P3)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (to end)
Sometimes you may get the message "Object does not intersect an edge" or "No
edge in that direction". If this happens it means that you are either picking the
wrong end of the object or the object you are trying to extend will not meet the
boundary edge. The solution is either to pick near the end you want to extend or to
move the boundary edge so that the extended line will intersect with it.
12. The Fillet Command
The Fillet command is a very useful tool which allows you to draw an arc between two
intersecting lines or adjacent polyline segments. You first need to use the command to
set the required radius and then a second time to select the two lines.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Fillet
Keyboard FILLET short-cut F
Fillet an object by following the instructions below:
Command: FILLET
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.0000
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: R
Specify fillet radius <0.000>: 7
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.16
17. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: (pick P1)
Select second object : (pick P2)
The Fillet command can also be used to fillet arcs and circles.
13. The Chamfer Command
The Chamfer command enables you to create a chamfer between any two non-parallel
lines as in the illustration below or any two adjacent polyline segments. Usually, the
Chamfer command is used to set the chamfer distances before drawing the chamfer.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Chamfer
Keyboard CHAMFER short-cut CHA
Chamfer an object by following the instructions below:
Command: CHAMFER
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 =10.0000, Dist2 = 0.0000
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: D (to set distances)
Specify first chamfer distance <10.0000>: 20 (enter required distance)
Specify second chamfer distance <20.0000>: (first distance value or enter a
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.17
different value)
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: (pick P1)
Select second line: (pick P2)
The chamfer is made and the command ends.
18. EC202- Computer Aided Design
14. The Offset Command
Offset is probably one of the most useful commands for constructing drawings. The
Offset command creates a new object parallel to or concentric with a selected object.
The new object is drawn at a user defined distance (the offset) from the origina l and in a
direction chosen by the user with a pick point. You can offset lines, arcs, circles,
ellipses, 2D polylines, xlines, rays and planar splines.
Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify Offset
Keyboard OFFSET short-cut O
Offset an object by doing the following command.
Command: OFFSET
Specify offset distance or [Through] <0.0000>: 5 (specify distance)
Select object to offset or <exit>: (select object, P1)
Specify point on side to offset: (pick direction, P2)
Select object to offset or <exit>: (to end or select another object to offset)
In the illustration below, a line has been offset to the right through a distance
"Offset" by picking a point to the right of the original line. The result is a new line to
the right of the original.
Circles can be offset inside or outside of themselves to create a new circle which is
concentric (has the same centre point) with the original circle. In the illustration, a
new circle has been created outside of the original by picking a point outside of the
original circle. The radius of the new circle is the offset distance "Offset" plus the
radius of the original circle.
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.18
19. EC202- Computer Aided Design
15. The Divider Command
Divide marks off a specified number of equal lengths on a selected object by placing
point objects or blocks along the length, perimeter of the object. The objects that yuo can
divide include arcs, circles, ellipses an elliptical ars., polylines and splines.
Toolbar Divide
Pull-down Draw Point Divide
Keyboard DIVIDE short-cut DIV
Divide the object by following the instructions below:
Command: DIVIDE
Select object to divide: (pick the line P1)
Enter the number of segments or [Block]: 7
AutoCAD places a point between each segment. Note that you have to change the
suitable point style to make the points visible on your drawing.
16. The Measure Command
The Measure commands enable you to mark an object at specified intervals. You can
mark the intervals with either points or blocks. The last segment of a measured object
may be shorter than the interval you specify.
Toolbar Measure
Pull-down Draw Point Measure
Keyboard MEASURE short-cut ME
Measure an object by following the instructions below:
Command: MEASURE
Select object to measure: (pick Line P1)
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.19
20. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Specify length of segment or [Block]: 10
AutoCAD places points on the object at the specified intervals.
17. The Change Command
Change command enables you to change the selected objects and modifiers properties of
existing objects. The result depends on the type of objects you select.
Toolbar -none-
Pull-down Modify Properties
Keyboard CHANGE short-cut -
There are two options in Change command; either change points or properties.
a. The Change command below shows how to move the endpoints of the selected line
to a new point. Follow the instructions below.
Change : CHANGE
Select object: (pick a line, P1)
Specify change point or [Properties]: (pick a new point P2 or determine the
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.20
required new coordinate point)
b. The change command below can also modifies properties of existing objects such as
color, elevation, layer, Ltype, LtScale, lineweight and thickness. Follow the
instructions below to change the lineweight of the line.
Command: CHANGE
21. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Select object: (pick a line)
Specify change point or [Properties]: P
Enter Property to change [Color/Ele/LType/ItScale/LWeight/thickness]:C
Enter New color <varies>: red
Enter Property to change [Color/Ele/LType/ItScale/LWeight/thickness]:
18. The Poly-edit Command
The Poly-edit command can be used to edit Polylines by closing and opening them and
by moving, adding or deleting individual vertices. You can straighten the polyline
between any two vertices and toggle the linetype so that a dash appears before and after
each vertex. You can set a uniform width for the entire polyline or control the width of
each segment.
Toolbar Modify 11
Pull-down Modify Object Polyline
Keyboard PEDIT short-cut -
a. To close a polyline by following the instructions below:
Command: PEDIT
Select polyline or [Multiple]: (pick the polyline)
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.21
Undo]: C
Enter an option [Open/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/
/Undo]:
b. To change the width of the polyline by following the instructions below:
Command: PEDIT
Select polyline or [Multiple]:
22. EC202- Computer Aided Design
Object selected is not a polyline
Do you want to turn it into one? <Y>
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.22
W
Specify new width for all segments: 2
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:
(to end)
PART B: Control Display commands
You can change the magnification of a view by zooming in and out. Like zooming in and
out with a camera, ZOOM does not change the absolute size of objects in the drawing; it
changes only the magnification of the view.
1. Zoom Command
The Zoom command increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the current
viewport. You cannot use ZOOM transparently during VPOINT or DVIEW or while
ZOOM, PAN, or VIEW in progress.
Toolbar Zoom
Pull-down View Zoom
Keyboard ZOOM short-cut Z
Zoom the views by following the instruction below:
Command: Z <ENTER> ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>:
23. EC202- Computer Aided Design
2. Pan Command
The Pan command moves the view in the current viewport. It does not change the
location or magnification of objects on your drawing; it changes only the view.
Toolbar Zoom
Pull-down View Pan Realtime
Keyboard none
To Pan by dragging:
Select Pan Realtime from the Pull-Down menu <View>.
When the hand cursor appears, drag the view by holding down the button as you
move the pointing device.
If you are using an IntelliMouse, hold down the wheel button and move the mouse.
3. The Redraw Command
The redraw command refreshes the display in the current viewport, removing marker
blips and display artifacts (stray pixels) left by editing commands.
Command: REDRAW
4. The Regen Command
The Regen commands regenerates the entire drawing from the current viewport and
recomputes the screen coordinates for all objects in the current viewport. It also
reindexes the drawing database for optimum display and object selection performance.
Command: REGEN
Although the functionality appears to be similar, the REDRAW and REGEN commands are
significantly different.
The REDRAW command works significantly faster than the REGEN command.
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.23
24. EC202- Computer Aided Design
amy/khk/jke/puo EC4.24
(2 Marks)
(2 Marks)
(3 Marks)
(1 Marks)
(2 Marks)
DISCUSSIONS:
1. What is the difference between the Break command and Trim Command?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Explain the difference between Zoom Extent and Zoom Window.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
QUESTIONS:
1. The Modify command <copy> duplicates its object.
Name three (3) other Modify commands that can also create duplication of its object.
i. …………………………………….
ii. …………………………………….
iii. …………………………………….
2. What Modify command can change the colour of the object drawn?
………………………………………………………………………………………
REFLECTION:
At the end of this practical work, I have learnt that:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………