The document provides information about centrifugal pumps. It discusses that a centrifugal pump converts mechanical energy to pressure energy using centrifugal force. It has main parts including an impeller, casing, suction pipe, and delivery pipe. The impeller rotates and increases the tangential velocity of the fluid, raising the pressure and allowing water to be pumped to a higher level. The document defines terms like suction head, delivery head, static head, and manometric head related to the pump's operation. It also provides equations for work done by the impeller on water and efficiency calculations.

1. KALI CHARAN NIGAM INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, BANDA
LECTURE
ON
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
FLUID MECHANICS AND FLUID MACHINE (KME302)
BY : DEEPAK KUMAR YADAV
ME DEPARTMENT

2. PUMP:
The hydraulic machine which converts the mechanical energy
into hydraulic energy (form of pressure energy).
CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPS:
(1) Reciprocating pumps (2) Centrifugal pump

3. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP:
The hydraulic machine which converts mechanical
energy into pressure energy by mean of centrifugal
force acting on the fluid.
The centrifugal pump acts as a reverse of an inward
radial flow reaction turbine.
The centrifugal pump works on the principle of
forced vortex flow in pressure head on the rotating
liquid take place.
The rise of pressure head at any point is proportional
to square of tangential velocity of the liquid at that
point.
Due to high pressure head, the liquid can be lifted to
a high level

4. MAIN PARTS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Impeller
Casing
Suction pipe with a
foot valve and a strainer
Delivery pipe

5. MAIN PARTS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
 IMPELLER
• The rotating part of a centrifugal pump is called ‘impeller’. It
consists of a series of curved vanes.
 CASING
• The casing of a centrifugal pump is similar to the casing of a
reaction turbine.
 SUCTION PIPE WITH A FOOT VALVE AND A STRAINER
• A pipe whose one end is connected to the inlet of the pump and
other end dips into water in a sump is known as suction pipe.
 DELIVERY PIPE
• A pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the pump
and other end deliver the water at a required height is known as
delivery pipe.

6. WORK DONE BY THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
ON WATER
• The water enters the impeller
radially at inlet for best
efficiency of the pump.
• Hence α = 90o and Vw1=0
• Let N = Speed of the impeller
in r.p.m.
• D1 = Diameter of impeller at
inlet
• u1= Tangential velocity of
impeller at inlet =
• D2 = Diameter of impeller at
outlet
• u2= Tangential velocity of
impeller at inlet =

7. WORK DONE BY THE CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP ON WATER
• V1 = Absolute velocity of water at inlet
• Vr1 = Relative velocity of water at inlet
• α = Angle made by absolute velocity
• θ = Angle made by relative velocity
• Work done by the water on the runner per second per unit weight of the water
striking per second is given by equation as
=
• Work done by the impeller on the water per second per unit weight of water
striking per second
= - [ work done in case of turbine]
= -
=
=

8. WORK DONE BY THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
ON WATER
Workdone by impeller on water per second
=
Where W = Weight of water = ρ×g×Q
and Q= Area × Velocity of flow =
=

9. DEFINITIONS OF HEADS AND EFFICIENCIES
OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Suction head (hs) : It is vertical height of the centre
line of the centrifugal pump above the water surface
of the tank or pump form which water is to be lifted .
This height is also called suction lift and is denoted by
‘(hs)’.
Delivery head (hd): The vertical distance between the
centre line of the pump and the water surface in the
tank to which water is delivered is known as delivery
head.
Static head (Hs): The sum of suction head and delivery
head is known as static head. This is represented by Hs
Hs= hs + hd

10. DEFINITIONS OF HEADS AND EFFICIENCIES
OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
 Manometric head(Hm) : The manometric head is
defined as the head against which a centrifugal pump
has to work.
(a) Hm= Head imparted by the impeller to the water- Loss
of head in the pump
= - Loss of head in the pump
= ……if loss of pump is zero
(b) Hm= Total head at outlet of pump – Total head at inlet
of pump =
(c) Hm=

11. THANK YOU