This document provides details about Sujoy Halder's internship training in PCB design from July 1, 2021 to August 3, 2021 at Internshala Training. It includes an introduction to printed circuit boards covering materials, components, and manufacturing processes. It also describes the use of EAGLE software for schematic capture and PCB layout. Specific topics covered include surface mount technology, routing, heat dissipation, and creating a power supply board. Sujoy received a certificate of completion after scoring 51% on the final assessment.

1. PCB DESIGN
SUJOY HALDER
39140058
COMPANY NAME- INTERNSHALATRAINING
DURATION- 01 JUL 2021 TO 3 AUG 2021

2. Introduction to a Printed
Circuit Board
■ A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and
electrically connects electronic components using conductive
tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets
laminated onto a non conductive substrate.
■ PCB's can be single sided (one copper layer), double sided (two
copper layers) or multi-layer.
■ A PCB populated with electronic components is called a printed
circuit assembly (PCA), printed circuit board assembly or PCB
assembly (PCBA)

3. What PCB is made of
■ A basic PCB starts with a copper-clad fiberglass material or thin
copper sheets attached to either side of the board. It consist of
–
■ ➤ Copper Foil
■ ➤ Copper Plating
■ ➤ Solder Flow
■ ➤ Solder Mask
■ ➤Trace
■ ➤ Slots and Cut-outs

4. Materials of PCB
■ Conducting layers are typically made of thin copper foil.
■ The board is typically coated with a solder mask that is green in
color.Other colors that are normally available are blue and red.
■ Unwanted copper is removed from the substrate after etching
leaving only the desired copper traces or pathways.

5. Parts of a PCB
■ Components
■ Pads
■ Traces
■ Vias
■ Top Metal Layer
■ Bottom Metal Layer

6. Components
■ Components are the actual devices used in the circuit.
■ This includes input/output connections.
■ I/O ports, including power supply connections, are also
important in the PCB design.

7. Pads
■ Location that components connect to.
■ You will solder components to the pads on the PCB.
■ Pads will connect to traces.
■ Pads have an inner diameter and outer diameter.

8. Traces
■ Traces connect pads together.
■ Traces are essentially the wiring of the PCB.
■ Equivalent to wire for conducting signals.
■ Traces sometimes connect to vias.
■ High current traces should be wide.
■ Signal traces usually narrower than power or ground traces

9. Vias
■ Pad with a plated hole connecting traces from one layer of
board to other layers.
■ Attempt to minimize via use in your PCBs.
■ Some component leads can be used as vias.

10. Top Metal Layer
■ Most of the components
■ reside on the top layer
■ Fewer traces on the top layer
■ Components are soldered to the pads on the top layer of PCB
■ Higher circuit densities

11. Bottom Metal Layer
■ Few components on this layer.
■ Many traces on this layer.
■ Most soldering done on this layer.

12. Jumpers
■ Often, many signal wires need to exist in too small of a space
and must overlap.
■ Running traces on different PCB layers is an option.
■ Multilayer PCBs are often expensive.
■ Solution: use jumpers

13. Solder Mask
■ Protect copper traces on outer layers from corrosion.
■ Areas that shouldn't be soldered may be covered with polymer
resist solder mask coating.
■ Designed to keep solder only in certain areas.
■ Prevents solder form binding between conductors and thereby
creating short circuits.

14. Silkscreen
■ Printing on the solder mask to designate component locations
■ Readable information about component part numbers and
placement.
■ Helpful in assembling, testing and servicing the circuit board.

15. Multilayer PCBs
■ More then a top and bottom layer.
■ Typically there will be a power plane, ground plane, top layer,
and bottom layer.
■ Sometimes signal layers are added as needed.
■ Sometimes RF planes made of more expensive materials are
added.

16. Physical Design Issues
■ Component Size
■ Heat Dissipation
■ Input and Output
■ Mounting Points

17. Component Size
■ Make sure components will actually fit.
■ This especially applies for circuits that require high component
densities.
■ Some components come in multiple sizes. SMT vsThrough
Hole
■ Sometimes you can get tall and narrow caps or short and wide
capacitors.

18. Heat Dissipation-Heat Sinks
■ Heat sink dissipates heat off the component
■ Doesn't remove the heat just moves it
■ Some components may get hot. Make sure you get a large
enough heat sink.
■ Data sheets specify the size of the heat sink
■ A short circuit may result when two devices share the same
heat sink

19. Mounting Points
■ The PCB needs to be mechanically secured to something.
■ Could be the chassis-consist of metal frame on which the circuit
boards and other electronic components are mounted.
■ Could be another PCB/socket on PCB.
■ Could be attachments to a heatsink.

20. PCB characteristics
Through-hole technology
■ The first PCBs used through-hole technology, mounting
electronic components by leads inserted through holes on one
side of the board and soldered onto copper traces on the other
side. Boards may be single-sided, with an un plated component
side, or more compact double-sided boards, with components
soldered on both sides
Surface-mount technology
■ Surface-mount technology emerged in the 1960s, gained
momentum in the early 1980s and became widely used by the
mid-1990s.Components were mechanically redesigned to have
small metal tabs or end caps that could be soldered directly
onto the PCB surface, instead of wire leads to pass through
holes

21. Design Assembly
Manual Assembly
■ Hole preparation is
normally done in the
manufacturing process that
plates/or coats the exposed
copper areas with solder.
This prepares the surface of
pads, as well as the hole
itself, with a fine coat of
solder that will make
soldering easier by helping
the solder adhere to the
pad and hole wall and
helping the solder to "wick"
through the hole.
Auto Assembly
■ Auto assembly is an
automated process where
most of the component on
a board are placed and
soldered to the board by
machine. Auto assembly
requires additional
information from the
designer, in addition to the
standardAssembly
information provided for
manual assembly.

22. Assembly Limitation
■ The number of parts that can be assembled in one pass
■ Double-sided assembly
■ Overall panel/board size
■ Component size
■ Component types (surface mount or thru-hole)

23. Routing
Manual Route
Route of the following types
of nets first:
■ Most difficult
■ Most complex
■ Tight fitting nets first
■ Very high current
(primarily external)
■ Very high voltage
(primarily internal)
Auto Route
Manually route those items
shown in "manual routing "
first, if necessary
■ Manually clean up paths.
■ Miter right angle corners.
■ Run DRC /design rules to
ensure clearances are
met.
■ Check annular ring.

24. EAGLE
■ Stands for EasilyApplicableGraphic Layout Editor.
■ Flexible, expandable and scriptable EDA application with
schematic capture editor, PCB layout editor, auto-router.
■ Latest version is 6.1 and minimum requirements are MAC OS X
10.6, Linux 2.6 andWindows XP.

25. Schematic on EAGLE

26. Board Designing and Routing

27. Power supply board
■ A power supply is a device that supplies electric power to an
electrical load.
■ Power converters that convert one form of electrical energy to
another.
■ Power supplies for electronic devices can be broadly divided
into line-frequency (or "conventional") and switching power

28. POWER SUPPLY PCB

29. Sujoy Halder
from Sathyabama Institute Of Science And Technology, has successfully completed a eight weeks online training
on PCB Design. The training consisted of Introduction to Autodesk Eagle, Project 1-ASTABLE 555 Timer,
Warnings and Layers, Project 2 -Shift Register 74595 LED Controller, Special and Miscellaneous Topics, Case
Study and Final Project modules.
In the final assessment, Sujoy scored 51% marks.
We wish Sujoy all the best for the future endeavours.
Date of certification: 2021-08-03 Certificate no. : C1AB6E6E-64A0-BDD7-DD24-90BFF7F7921E
For certificate authentication, please visit https://trainings.internshala.com/verify_certificate