This document provides an overview of All India Radio (AIR) in Bhopal, including: 1. It describes the basic principles of how AIR transmits radio signals using modulation and broadcasting on different frequency bands like SW, MW, and FM. 2. It outlines the different studios at AIR Bhopal used for drama, talk, music, commercials, playback, and dubbing. 3. It explains the role of the control room audio console in receiving inputs from studios and transmitting outputs to transmitters, other stations, and more. 4. It provides details on the AM and FM transmitters used for transmission, including their configurations, common devices, and block diagrams.

1. A
Training Presentation
on
All India Radio(Bhopal)
Presented to:
Dr. D.K GANGWAR
H.O.D (ECE)
Presented by:
Niwas kumas
EC 7th sem

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
Principle of All India Radio
Studio
Phone in program console
Control Room
Transmitter
Antenna
Satellite role in AIR
Summary

3. INTRODUCTION
• Radio is the transmission of signals by modulation of
electromagnetic waves with frequencies those of visible
light .
• Radio is based on wireless communication or satellite
communication.
• In this era of technology due to need of wireless
communication , A national service was planned and
developed by the Prasar Bharati broadcasting
corporation of India.
Frequency used:
S.W .Transmitter– 7180 KHZ & 8410 KHZ (41m)
M.W . Transmitter– 1593 KHZ (60m)
F.M. Transmitter – 103.5 MHZ (188.32m)

4. PRINCIPLE OF AIR
Transmitting
A radio wave carries information signal; Signals are converted into electrical
signals. A carrier wave is then produced from the modulation. The wave is
then amplified, and sent to the antenna that then converts signal into an E.M.
wave.
Receiving
An antenna on receiving the signal send it to
the receiver this then converts the electrical
signal sends it to the amplifier either a
speaker/headphones jack this is
then converted into a
sound wave.
•Modulation
•Amplification
Transmission
•Demodulation
•Amplification
Reception

5. STUDIO
There are following studio in AIR BHOPAL: --_
1. DRAMA STUDIO: Recording of Drama, discussion, chat, phone in
Program.
2 TALK STUDIO: For live program like talk and rural programs.
3. MUSIC STUDIO: Recording of musical programs and concerts.
4. CBS: Purely dedicated to commercial broadcasting service of Vividh
Bharati
5. PLAYBACK STUDIO: For announcing and playback of songs and
records.
6. DUBBTNG STUDIO: dubbing and editing of tapes.

6. PHONE IN PROGRAM CONSOLE

7. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF STUDIO
SWITCHER
CONTROL
ROOM
PLAY BACK
STUDIO
MUSIC
STUDIO
TALK STUDIO
DUBBING/EDIT
ING ROOM
CONTROL
ROOM
SERVER

8. Control Room Audio Console Inputs and Outputs
CONTROL
ROOM AUDIO
CONSOLE
BHOPAL(C-
BAND DISH
OUTPUT)
TALK STUDIO
MUSIC STUDIO
BSNL LINK
TO OTHER
STATIONS
MASTER
AMPLIFIER 1
OR 2
PLAYBACK
STUDIO
STUDIO
TRANSMITTER
LINK

9. AM TRANSMITTER FM TRANSMITTER
TRANSMITTER

10. AM TRANSMITTER:-
 These transmitter are used to transmit the medium wave(MW) and short
wave(SW).
 The MW band has frequency between 550 KHz to 1650 KHz and SW
band has frequency ranging from 3 MHz to 30 MHz
 There is too much over-crowding in the AM broadcast bands and
shrinkage in the night-time service due to fading, interference ,etc.
 There are two types of AM transmitter that are used based on the their
transmitting power are:-
1.High Level
2.Low level

11. FM TRANSMITTER:-
 FM broadcasting offers several advantage over AM such as uniform day
and night coverage, good quality listening and suppression of noise,
interference.
 All India Radio has gone in for FM broadcasting using Modern FM
Transmitter .
The configuration of the transmitter being used in the network are:-
 3 kW Transmitter
 2*3 kW Transmitter
 5 kW Transmitter
 2*5 kW Transmitter

12. TRANSMITTER
FM transmitter
AM transmitter

13. Block Diagram of Transmitter

14. Common Devices of FM transmitter and AM
transmitter
• Exciter
• RF switch
• VHF amplifiers
• Adapter plug in unit
• Power distribution panel
• Combining and Monitoring panel
• Reject load
• Dummy load

15. ANTENNA
An antenna or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric
power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio
transmitter or radio receiver , In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an
electric current oscillating at radio frequency (i.e. a high
frequency alternating current (AC)) to the antenna's terminals, and the
antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic
waves(radio waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power
of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its
terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified.

16. ROLE OF SATELLITE IN AIR
•Satellite communication is the outcome of desire of the man to achieve
the global village.
•Satellites are mainly used during broadcasting of vividh Bharati program
from Mumbai with the help of up-linking and down-linking process.

17. SUMMARY

18. QUERIES…….

19. THANK YOU