The document defines key components of information and communication technology (ICT) including input devices, output devices, storage devices, processors, system software, and application software. It provides examples for each category such as keyboards, mice, and webcams for input devices; printers and projectors for output devices; hard drives, USB flash drives, and memory cards for storage devices; and CPUs and GPUs for processors. Common system software like Windows, Linux, and Mac OSX are listed along with popular application software including Microsoft Office, Google Chrome, and Skype.
This is a short presentation about the basic of computer so that students will understand the hardware and software and how computer is used in our daily life.
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Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, including devices like the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage, and input/output peripherals. It represents the tangible, touchable elements that make up a computer or electronic system. On the other hand, software encompasses the intangible programs, applications, and data that enable hardware functionality. It includes operating systems, applications, and utilities that instruct and control the hardware to perform specific tasks. While hardware provides the infrastructure, software serves as the brain, orchestrating operations and allowing users to interact with the system, making the combination of both essential for the functioning of any computer or electronic device.
This is a short presentation about the basic of computer so that students will understand the hardware and software and how computer is used in our daily life.
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Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, including devices like the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage, and input/output peripherals. It represents the tangible, touchable elements that make up a computer or electronic system. On the other hand, software encompasses the intangible programs, applications, and data that enable hardware functionality. It includes operating systems, applications, and utilities that instruct and control the hardware to perform specific tasks. While hardware provides the infrastructure, software serves as the brain, orchestrating operations and allowing users to interact with the system, making the combination of both essential for the functioning of any computer or electronic device.
TOPICS
1 Introduction, Characteristics of Computers, Block Diagram of Computer
2 Types of Computers and Features
3 Types of Programming Languages
4 Data Organization, Types of Memory (Primary and Secondary)
5 I/O Devices, Number System
What is Computer, Functionalities of a computer, Computer Components, Hardware, software, Input Devices, Output Devices, CPU (Central Processing Unit), Memory, Unit of Measurements, Classification of Computers, Computer Languages, Generation of Computers, Data, Information and Knowledge, Characteristics of Computer, Computer Viruses,
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1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
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Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
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1. INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
● Input Device
● Output Device
● Storage Device
● Processor
● System Software
● Application Software
2. -INPUT DEVICE-
An input device is any
hardware device that sends
data to a computer, allowing
users to interact with and
control it.
3. WEBCAM
A webcam is a hardware camera connected
to a computer that allows anyone connected
to the internet to view either still pictures or
motion video of a user or other object.
BARCODE READER
Barcodes are often used to help
organize and index information or
prices about an object.
4. KEYBOARD
Keyboards allow the user to input
letters, numbers, and other symbols into a
computer that often function as commands.
MOUSE
The mouse allows an individual to
control a pointer in a graphical
user interface and manipulate on-screen
objects such as icons, files,
and folders.
5. -OUTPUT DEVICE-
An output device is any
peripheral that receives
data from a computer,
usually for display,
projection, or physical
reproduction.
6. PROJECTOR
projectors are used in
meetings to help ensure that
all participants can view the
information being presented.
PRINTER
A printer is an external
hardware device responsible
for taking computer data and
generating a hard copy of
that data.
7. 3D PRINTER
3D printer is a sophisticated printing device
that uses a design from a digital image to produce
an identical physical object using materials such
as metal alloys, polymers, or plastics.
PLOTTER
A plotter is a computer
hardware device much
like a printer that is used
for printing vector
graphics.
8. -STORAGE
DEVICsEtor-age device is any hardware
capable of holding information.
There are two types of storage
devices used in computers; a
primary storage device, such as
ram, and a secondary storage
device, like a hard
removable, internal, or external
storage.
9. FLOOPY
DISKETTE
Early computers did not
have
CD-Rom drives or USB,
and floppy disks were
the
only way to install a new
program onto a
computer
or backup your
information.
USB FLASH
DRIVE
Short for Universal Serial Bus, USB is a
standard that was introduced in 1995 by
Intel, Compaq Microsft and other
computer companies. USB 1.x is an
external bus standard that supports data
transferates of 12 Mbps and is capable of
supporting up to 127 peripheral devices.
10. HARD DRIVE
hard disk drive and abbreviated
as HD or HDD, the hard drive is
the computer’s main storage
media device that permanently
stores all data on the computer.
MEMORY CARD
Alternatively referred to as a flash
memory card, a memory card is a
type of storage media that is most
commonly used in digital cameras,
digital camcorders, handheld
computers, MP3 players, PDAs,
cellphone,game consoles, and
printers, to store pictures, videos,
music, and other data.
11. -PROCESSOR-
The part of a computer that interprets and
carries out instructions provided by the
software. It tests and manipulates data,
and transfers information to and from
other components, such as the working
memory, disk drive, monitor, and
keyboard. The central processing units
of personal computers are generally
implemented on a single chip, called a
microprocessor.
12. CENTRAL PROCESSING
UNIT (CPU)
A central processing unit (CPU) is the
hardware within a computer that carries
out the instructions of a computer
program by performing the basic
arithmetical, logical, control and
input/output operations of the system.
MICROPROCESSOR
A microprocessor incorporates
the functions of a computer's
central processing unit (CPU)
on a single integrated circuits
(IC), or at most a few integrated
circuits.
13. APPLICATION
SPECIFIC INTEGRATED
CIRCUITS
An application-specific
integrated circuit (ASIC) is an
integrated circuit (IC)
customized for a particular use,
rather than intended for general-purpose
use.
GRAPHICS
PROCESSING UNIT
A graphics processing unit (GPU), also
occasionally called visual processing
unit (VPU), is a specialized electronic
circuit designed to rapidly manipulate
and alter memory to accelerate the
creation of images in a brame buffer
intended for output to a display.
14. -SYSTEM
SOFTSyWsteAm RsoEftw-are refers to the files and
programs that make up your
computer's operating system.
System files include libraries of
functions, system services, drivers
for printers and other hardware,
system preferences, and other
configuration files. The programs that
are part of the system software
include assemblers, compilers, file
management tools, system utilites,
and debuggers.
15. MICROSOFT
WINDOWS
When referring to an operating system,
Windows or win, is an operating
environment created by Microsoft that
provides an interface known as
Graphical User Interface (GUI) for IBM
compatible computers.
LINUX
Linux is a free and open-source
operating system developed by
Linus Torvalds and friends and was
first announced by Linus in a post he
made August 25, 1991.
16. MAC OSX
Mac OS X is an operating
system codenamed Cheetah that was
released by Apple in2001 and is a
completely new Apple Macintosh
operating system based on BSD.
UNIX
A term coined by Brian
Kernighan, Unix or UNIX is an operating
system that was developed by some of the
members of the MULTICS team at the Bell
Laboratories starting in the late 1960's,
many of who also helped create the C
programming language.
17. -APPLICATION SOFTWARE-
Application software is a set of
one or more programs
designed to carry out
operations for a specific
application. Application
software cannot run on itself but
is dependent on system
software to execute.
18. MICROSOFT
OFFICE
Microsoft Office is a collection
or package of software
programs commonly used in an
office environment.
GOOGLE
CHROME
Google Chrome is an Internet
browser officially released by
Google December 11,2008
that is a
popular alternative to other
browsers
such as Microsoft Internet
Explorer and
Mozilla Firefox.
19. MOZILLA
FIREFOX
Sometimes abbreviated as FF, Firefox
was first introduced September 23,
2002 and later as Firefox 1.0 on
November 9, 2004. Mozilla's next
generation of browsers that include such
great features as tabbed browsing, pop
up blocking, and other features not
found in other browsers at the time.
SKYPE
Skype is a popular small software
program available for Microsoft
Windows,Apple Mac OS X, Linux
and other operating systems that
enable users to make voice calls to
anyone in the world or free calls to
other users with Skype.
20. GROUP 2-A
-DWENZE LOUISE P. CAYANAN
-MARY GRACE BALEA
-JASMINE ROSE BARCELONA
IV-FARADAY
