Despite global effort it is estimated that about 2.2 billion people still live in poverty, and that approximately 80 of this figure is made up of people living in rural areas. The Sustainable Development Goals SDGs of the 2030 Agenda include as its number 1 goal, the goal to end poverty. However, the report by the World Bank 2018 stated that putting an end to poverty is proving to be one of the greatest human rights challenges the modern world faces.The Sustainable Development Goals SDGs which are an extension of the Millennium Development Goals MDGs was adopted on September 2015 by the United Nations Assembly to fight against poverty and eradicate human deprivation.This paper presents a brief introduction on poverty laws, discusses possible challenges and the way forward. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Sarhan M. Musa "Poverty Laws: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33275.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/33275/poverty-laws-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte
The Millennium Development Goals set out a mutual commitment between developed and developing countries to make sustained progress towards achieving this vision.
Specifically, the Millennium Development Goals aim to reduce poverty, fight disease and hunger, get girls in school and give more people access to safe water. African countries need to make the most progress if they are to meet these Goals.
Issues of population explosion has evoked several images characterized by
emotional, value-laden and often paranoiac connotation that cannot be obviously
ignored considering its threatening challenges. It is against the foregoing that this
paper attempt to interrogate the relevance of Thomas Malthus theory on population and
the challenges of the bourgeoning population explosion in Nigeria. The core objective
of this paper is to investigate the relevance of the theory on Nigeria’s population. Other
objectives are to ascertain the effects of the population explosion on the Nigerian urban
areas; food security, crimes and security and poverty. In terms of methodology, the
paper relies on an explanatory design and some empirical data generated through
secondary sources and official documents were examined. The data were analysed using
a descriptive method of analysis. The paper identified the relevance of Malthus theory
on the bourgeoning population explosion on the following key areas: Food Security;
Poverty Rate; Urbanization; crimes and Security Threat. After examination of official
documents and secondary data, the paper concludes that population explosion has
continued to undermine the achievement of development’s goals in Nigeria. A
population growing faster than the output of modern goods and services not only
frustrates development goals; it undermines the credibility of promises made
Demographic analysis, the statistical description of human populations, is a tool used by government agencies, political parties, and manufacturers of consumer goods. Polls conducted on every topic imaginable, from age to toothpaste preference, give the government and corporations an idea of who the public is and what it needs and wants.
Two years ago, I wrote a Situation Report for my Global and Environmental Health class which examined Libya's Humanitarian Response Plan (2018). The goal was to give a brief analysis towards its proposed programs under safety, food security, and health. Although outdated, when compared with Libya's Response Plan for 2020, one can see how the nation's efforts are still being countered and limited by continuous protracted conflicts.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
The impact of credit on rural household food security. (Maria .K.K.Muadilu-Ec...MKM Kassova
With thousands and millions of people facing the challenge of food insercurity ,it raises a question of what is the best solution to this , is it handing over food or is it empowermnt? Food insecurity is a financial and economical constraint .This study aims to discuss and investigate the relationship between food insecurity and access to credit in the rural areas .
Effectiveness of drip irrigation in enhancing smart farming: a micro-study in...AkashSharma618775
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of drip irrigation in enhancing smart farming in the midnorth of Uganda. A descriptive review was adopted targeting one smart farm in the district. Data was gathered by
means of an interview guide and a farmers’ observation guide, and it was analysed using content analysis
correspondingly. The outcomes suggest that drip irrigation does not represent a large fraction of irrigation systems
in mid-north Uganda and the world in general; however, a number of new drip irrigation systems are being set-up
notwithstanding the very slow pace. Further revelation suggests that farmers can benefit from drip irrigation
through gaining knowledge and skills from visits and advises from the frequent visits; being a source of income
when the produce are sold; as well as providing food security for families, the adjacent community and the district
as a whole. Nonetheless, drip irrigation faces challenges of dearth of commitment by some members of the family,
untimely delivery of agro inputs, over cultivation of the land and very expensive inputs. It is obvious that drip
irrigation technologies are essential in enhancing smart farming in Oyam district, mid-north Uganda and the
country as a whole. The outcomes of the study can be useful as a source for scaling out drip irrigation in the region
and beyond especially when mounting a parameter on integration of drip irrigation on community development
agendas for small-holder farmers as targeted by the government’s agricultural cluster development programme.
This article contributes to the budding body of information on smart farming by emphasising obtainable
prospects, which can generate more pro-active small scale drip irrigation technologies.
Population 2020 - Demographics can be a potent driver of the pace and process...DESMOND YUEN
“Demography is destiny” is an oft-cited phrase that suggests the size, growth, and structure of a nation’s population determines its long-term social, economic, and political fabric. The phrase highlights the role of demographics in shaping many complex challenges and opportunities societies face, including several pertinent to economic growth and development.
Nevertheless, it is an overstatement to say that demography determines all, as it downplays the fact that both demographic trajectories and their development implications are responsive to economic incentives; to policy and institutional reforms; and to changes in technology, cultural norms, and behavior.
The world is undergoing a major demographic upheaval with three key components: population growth, changes in fertility and mortality, and associated changes in population age structure.
The Millennium Development Goals set out a mutual commitment between developed and developing countries to make sustained progress towards achieving this vision.
Specifically, the Millennium Development Goals aim to reduce poverty, fight disease and hunger, get girls in school and give more people access to safe water. African countries need to make the most progress if they are to meet these Goals.
Issues of population explosion has evoked several images characterized by
emotional, value-laden and often paranoiac connotation that cannot be obviously
ignored considering its threatening challenges. It is against the foregoing that this
paper attempt to interrogate the relevance of Thomas Malthus theory on population and
the challenges of the bourgeoning population explosion in Nigeria. The core objective
of this paper is to investigate the relevance of the theory on Nigeria’s population. Other
objectives are to ascertain the effects of the population explosion on the Nigerian urban
areas; food security, crimes and security and poverty. In terms of methodology, the
paper relies on an explanatory design and some empirical data generated through
secondary sources and official documents were examined. The data were analysed using
a descriptive method of analysis. The paper identified the relevance of Malthus theory
on the bourgeoning population explosion on the following key areas: Food Security;
Poverty Rate; Urbanization; crimes and Security Threat. After examination of official
documents and secondary data, the paper concludes that population explosion has
continued to undermine the achievement of development’s goals in Nigeria. A
population growing faster than the output of modern goods and services not only
frustrates development goals; it undermines the credibility of promises made
Demographic analysis, the statistical description of human populations, is a tool used by government agencies, political parties, and manufacturers of consumer goods. Polls conducted on every topic imaginable, from age to toothpaste preference, give the government and corporations an idea of who the public is and what it needs and wants.
Two years ago, I wrote a Situation Report for my Global and Environmental Health class which examined Libya's Humanitarian Response Plan (2018). The goal was to give a brief analysis towards its proposed programs under safety, food security, and health. Although outdated, when compared with Libya's Response Plan for 2020, one can see how the nation's efforts are still being countered and limited by continuous protracted conflicts.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
The impact of credit on rural household food security. (Maria .K.K.Muadilu-Ec...MKM Kassova
With thousands and millions of people facing the challenge of food insercurity ,it raises a question of what is the best solution to this , is it handing over food or is it empowermnt? Food insecurity is a financial and economical constraint .This study aims to discuss and investigate the relationship between food insecurity and access to credit in the rural areas .
Effectiveness of drip irrigation in enhancing smart farming: a micro-study in...AkashSharma618775
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of drip irrigation in enhancing smart farming in the midnorth of Uganda. A descriptive review was adopted targeting one smart farm in the district. Data was gathered by
means of an interview guide and a farmers’ observation guide, and it was analysed using content analysis
correspondingly. The outcomes suggest that drip irrigation does not represent a large fraction of irrigation systems
in mid-north Uganda and the world in general; however, a number of new drip irrigation systems are being set-up
notwithstanding the very slow pace. Further revelation suggests that farmers can benefit from drip irrigation
through gaining knowledge and skills from visits and advises from the frequent visits; being a source of income
when the produce are sold; as well as providing food security for families, the adjacent community and the district
as a whole. Nonetheless, drip irrigation faces challenges of dearth of commitment by some members of the family,
untimely delivery of agro inputs, over cultivation of the land and very expensive inputs. It is obvious that drip
irrigation technologies are essential in enhancing smart farming in Oyam district, mid-north Uganda and the
country as a whole. The outcomes of the study can be useful as a source for scaling out drip irrigation in the region
and beyond especially when mounting a parameter on integration of drip irrigation on community development
agendas for small-holder farmers as targeted by the government’s agricultural cluster development programme.
This article contributes to the budding body of information on smart farming by emphasising obtainable
prospects, which can generate more pro-active small scale drip irrigation technologies.
Population 2020 - Demographics can be a potent driver of the pace and process...DESMOND YUEN
“Demography is destiny” is an oft-cited phrase that suggests the size, growth, and structure of a nation’s population determines its long-term social, economic, and political fabric. The phrase highlights the role of demographics in shaping many complex challenges and opportunities societies face, including several pertinent to economic growth and development.
Nevertheless, it is an overstatement to say that demography determines all, as it downplays the fact that both demographic trajectories and their development implications are responsive to economic incentives; to policy and institutional reforms; and to changes in technology, cultural norms, and behavior.
The world is undergoing a major demographic upheaval with three key components: population growth, changes in fertility and mortality, and associated changes in population age structure.
CRJ 201-PolicingPolicing in a democracy Introduction.docxmydrynan
CRJ 201-Policing
Policing in a democracy
Introduction
Discuss how public safety is organized in the U.S.
Differentiate between Federal, State, and Local law enforcement.
Describe some challenges to U.S. law enforcement agencies
Public Safety Organization
Extremely complex and expensive undertaking
U.S. approach to law enforcement is unique
Federalist Structure-no national police force.
Law enforcement is primarily the responsibility of local governments (local control)
Public Safety Organization
There are approximately 18,000 law enforcement agencies in the U.S. today.
Main Points:
LE in the U.S. is diverse and fragmented
LE in the U.S. is predominantly local
Many employment opportunities at different levels
Federal Law Enforcement
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
U.S. Marshals Service
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Firearms (ATF)
Federal Law Enforcement
DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
Customs and Border Protection
Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Secret Service
TSA
FEMA
Federal Law Enforcement
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
Executive Office for Terrorist Financing and Financial Crime
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
Federal Law Enforcement
Department of the Interior
National Park Service
Fish and Wildlife
U.S. Park Police
Bureau of Indian Affairs
State Law Enforcement
State Law Enforcement
50 States-Each State decides how to operate their law enforcement apparatus
Some are centralized, others are decentralized.
Lets look at New York State
State Law Enforcement
New York State Law Enforcement
NYS Police (Troopers)
NYS Park Police
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
State Law Enforcement
Local Law Enforcement
County Sheriff
County Police
City Police
Town Police
Village Police
Local Police
COUNTY LAW ENFORCEMENT
Patrolled by a sheriff’s department
Duties of a county sheriff’s office vary
In larger counties there is often a county police department (e.g. Nassau, Suffolk, Westchester, etc.)
Issues Affecting Police
Diversity
Resources-most police departments in the U.S. are very small
Budgets
Drug Interdiction
Lack of back-up for small jurisdictions
Anti-Terrorism
Immigration enforcement
Accountability
Training
Recruitment
Responding to emotionally disturbed individuals
International Policing
Interpol
International Criminal Police Organization
Worldwide organization established for the development of cooperation among nations regarding common police problems
Police officials of any member country may initiate a request for assistance on a case that extends beyond their country’s jurisdiction.
Next
Police Management and Organization
Chapters 5 & 6
Assignment 2: Poverty and Food Security
The members of the United Nations appreciated the content you provided on population growth. Now they are asking you to expand the whitepaper to include global food securi.
Drawing on both classic and modern work, I propose to find out the major humanitarian food crisis that has occurred due to man made causes such as civil wars, ethinic conflicts in different part of the regions in the world. Major sufferers are children and infants. Due to failure in experiment in social changes and development mass hysteria has developed among masses which are heavily burdened by state but does not profit from countries boom give rise to conflicts in which major proportion of the population generally end up as refugees in the countries with almost little or no excess to food and drinking water.
Importance Of Population Growth
The Problem Of Population And Growth Essay
Population Growth And Economic Development
Population Growth Essay
The Impacts Of Population Growth
Causes Of Population Growth
Human Population Growth
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Population Growth
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Effects Of Exponential Population Growth
Cause Of Population Growth In The United States
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Urbanization Of Urban Population Growth Essay
Us Population Essay example
Population Growth And The Population Essay
Population Growth Essay
Multivariate Analysis of Head Count Per Capita Poverty Rate across the 36 Sta...ijtsrd
In this work, we examine that the poverty rate is being influenced by the rate of corruption, conflict and unemployment rate using data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics 2003 04, 2009 10 and 2019. Using SPSS 23, the results show that corruption, conflict and unemployment rates are statistically significant with an F Statistics value of 1.706 0.185 critical value .Hence, both significantly influence the rate of poverty in Nigeria. The Coefficient Output Summary difference of the variables suggest a model which is fitted as where is poverty rate and the variations in the rate of corruption, conflict and unemployment. The results also show that the poverty rate in Nigeria increases with increases inthe level of corruption, conflict and unemployment rate across the 36 States in Nigeria. Owan, Raphael Asu | Dr. Willie, Clement Etti | Asu Isaac Asu "Multivariate Analysis of Head Count Per Capita Poverty Rate across the 36 States in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46460.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/46460/multivariate-analysis-of-head-count-per-capita-poverty-rate-across-the-36-states-in-nigeria/owan-raphael-asu
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33275 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 5 | July-August 2020 Page 1744
day, and also while 25 billion people die every day due to
extreme poverty of which 22 billion are children.
In the Ancient world, poverty was a visible and common
phenomenon. According to estimations 9 out of 10 persons
lived close to the subsistence level or below it. There was no
middle class. The state did not show much concern for the
poor. Many peasants, already living at the margin of
subsistence, were further impoverished anddrivenintodebt
by harshannual exaction, and leading to outright lossofland
that made them to become laborers or beggars.Poverty was
wide spread both in rural and urban areas [8]. The World
Bank views poverty as a phenomenon which is
multidimensional and as a situation in which people are
unable to fulfil their basic human needs as well as lack
control over resources. Consequently too, such people lack
education and skills, experience poor health, malnutrition
and lack of shelter, have poor access to safe water and
sanitation, and are vulnerable to shocks, violence and crime
[9]. Furthermore, Thabo Mbeki said: …….poverty is not only
expressed in shortage of food, shelter and clothing. It is also
expressed…..in high levels of crime, including violence
among the poor themselves, especially against women and
children, in many instances accompaniedbysubstanceabuse
[10].
TFE TWO MAJOR TYPES OF POVERTY ARE:
1. Mild poverty and
2. Extreme poverty.
Mild poverty are families that have enough to buy the basic
supplies of life and can survive, and while extreme poverty
are families that live on less than a dollar a day.
Moreover, on the basis of social, economic and political
aspects, the different ways by which to identify types of
poverty are [11]:
Absolute/Extreme/Abject poverty.
Relative poverty.
Situational poverty.
Generational poverty.
Rural poverty.
Urban poverty.
WHAT IS POVERTY LAW?
Poverty law isto protect the disadvantaged poorfromunfair
treatment by the law. HarvardLaw [12] defines poverty law
as, “the legal statutes, regulations and cases that apply
particularly to the financially poor in his or her day to day
life”. This law often overlaps with federal benefits and
welfare policies. Pertinent federal government benefits
include Medicaid; cash public assistance (more commonly
known as Welfare; and the Supplemental Nutrition
Assistance Program (SNAP), previously known as the food
stamps program [13]. This law frequentlyinvolvesquestions
of administrative laws, civil rights law, constitutional law,
employment law, and health law.
THE CAUSES OF POVERTY
Some of the major/root causes of poverty are asenumerated
below [14]:
1. Lack of good jobs/job growth
2. Lack of good education
3. Warfare/conflict
4. Weather/climate change
5. Social injustice
6. Lack of food and water
7. Lack of infrastructure
8. Lack of government support
9. Lack ofgood healthcare, epidemic diseasessuchasAIDS
and malaria
10. High cost/inflation
11. Environmental problems such as the lack of rain and
extreme weather conditions
12. Corruption
13. Debt
14. Poor utilization of resources
15. Poor government policy or poor governance.
THE GLOBAL EFFECTS OR IMPACT OF POVERTY
More than 1.4 billion poor people across the world live in
worst conditions possible, andare affected by AIDS, malaria,
starvation and other deadly diseases. Many children die
before reaching adolescence, and many adults die before
reaching middle age. In the poorest nations, the illiteracy
level is very high with a college education being a mirage.
Millions of people die every year due to lack of enough food
to eat, lack of access to clean water, lack of adequate
sanitation and medicare.
The United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the
World Bank, and other international agencies make use of
annual reports on human development indicators thatshow
the impact of living in a poor nation, such indicators are:
Human Development - A nation’s health is the most
important indicator of human development. Aroundthe
world it is seen thatglobal poverty is a matter of life and
death. Such evidence of this fact comes from data of life
expectancy, which is the average number of years thata
nation’s citizen can be expected to live. However, life
expectances differs within each nation, with some
people dying younger, and others dying older, but
poverty and related conditions affect the overall life
expectancy of a nation to a starling degree [15].
Child Mortality – Child mortality is a key contributor to
life expectancyand alsoa significant indicatorofHuman
Development, which is the number of children who die
before age 5 per 1,000 children (as shown In Figure 1).
“Global Stratification and Child Mortality, 2006” where
the rate of child mortality in poor nations is 135 per
1,000 children, which is to say that 13.5% ofall children
in those nations die before age 5. In a few African
nations, child mortality even exceeds 200 per 1,000. In
contrast, the rate in wealthy nation is only 7 per 1,000.
Thus, children in poor nations are about 19 times more
likely to die than children in wealthy nations [16].
Sanitation and Clean Water – Other indicators of a
nation’s health are (a) access to adequate sanitation
(disposal of humanwaste) and (b)access tocleanwater,
see Figure 2. Lack of adequate sanitation and clean
water by people exposes them to greater risk from life-
threatening diarrhea, from serious infectious diseases
like cholera and typhoid, and from parasitic diseases as
schistosomiasis [17].
Malnutrition –This is another health indicator, which is
caused by lack of good food, combined with infections
and diseases e.g. diarrhea that sap the body of essential
nutrients. Malnourished children are at greater risk for
fat and muscle loss, brain damage, blindness, and death
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33275 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 5 | July-August 2020 Page 1745
(video of children in Africa or South Asia who are so
starved and look like skeletons) Figure 3. Child
malnutrition contributes heavily to the extreme
mortality rates of children and is estimated as 5 million
deaths of children annually (UNICEF, 2006;WHO,2010)
[18].
Adult Literacy – Another indicator of human
development is adult literacy, which is the percentageof
people 15 and older who can read and write a simple
sentence. People in poor and middle-income nationsare
far worse off. The high rate of illiteracy in poor nations
not only reflects them as being poor but also contribute
to it, as people who cannot read and write are at a huge
disadvantage in the labor market [19].
The Status of Women – Women are estimated to make
up 70% of the worlds’ poor as women tend to be poorer
than men worldwide, hence, they are more likely than
men to experience all the problems that poverty causes,
like malnutrition and disease and so on. Others include
rape, domestic violence, segregation, sexual abuse, and
sexual slavery.
The Status of Children – Children are regarded as the
weakest members of the society due to their size,
immaturity and lack of resources. Children also lack
adequate welfare in addition with the problem of “child
soldiers” who may bear alms and engage in combat,
serve as cooks and messengers, or as sexual slaves.
Approximately 300,000 (under age 18) worldwide are
thought to be child soldiers in counties like Angola,
Burundi, the Democratic Republic oftheCongo,Rwanda,
Somalia and Uganda [20].
THE ERADICATION OF GLOBAL POVERTY
Poverty entails more than the lack of income and productive
resources to ensure sustainable livelihoods. Various social
groups bear disproportionate burden of poverty.
The World Social Summit identified poverty eradication as
an ethical, social, political and economic imperative of
mankind and called on governments to address the root
causes of poverty, provide for basic needs for all and ensure
that the poor have access to productive resources,including
credit, education and training.
Poverty reduction has not attained any significant level of
progress especially in the developing countries, and even
globally. As a result of this, the 24th special session of the
General Assembly devoted to the review of the Copenhagen
commitments, decided to set up targets to reduce the
proportion of people living in extreme poverty by 2015.
These targets have been endorsed by the Millennium
Summit as Millennium Development Goal 1.
The under listed means of eradicating poverty globally as
cited from “Poverty Eradication – the United Nations” and
“Evaluating Poverty alleviation strategies in a developing
country” are as follows [21, 22]:
Poverty eradication must be mainstreamed into the
national policies and actions in accordance with the
internationally agreed Development Goals of the United
Nations Development Agenda.
Need to strengthen the leadership role of the UN in
promoting international co-operation for Development
critical for the eradication of poverty.
Advocating for the empowerment of the people livingin
poverty through their full participation in all aspects of
political, economic and social life, especially in the
design and implementation of policies that affect the
poorest and most vulnerable groups of society.
An integrated strategy that will involve policies geared
to more equitable distribution ofwealthandincomeand
social protection coverage.
Debate on the effectiveness and limitation of current
poverty reduction strategy.
Poverty analysis through the thorough examination of
the impact of the economic and social policies on the
poor and other vulnerable social groupsi.e. bytheuseof
Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA).
Improving access to sustainable livelihoods,
entrepreneurial opportunitiesandproductiveresources.
Providing universal access to basic social services.
Progressively develop social protection systems to
support those who cannot support themselves.
Addressing the disproportionate impact of poverty on
women.
Working with the interested donors and recipients to
allocate increased shares of their Official Development
Assistance (ODA), which is 0.7% of their Gross National
Income (GNI) to Poverty eradication.
Intensifying international cooperation for poverty
eradication.
Good governance systems and processes.
Affordable andapproachable education and healthcare.
Climate-smart production systems.
Strong institutions for the poor.
Mainstream financial institutions supporting
Community Based Organizations (CBOs).
Mr. Benn Hilary (2007) was of the view that poor countries
should finance their 10 year education plan, because
education is the best way to change lives and fight poverty,
and as well emulate the UK Child Trust Fund where every
child will have a financial asset at age 18, thereby changing
the way the young people think about their futures.
Need for “participatory budgeting”, where residents have a
sayas to how their taxes should be spent [23]. Healso stated
that if the world can work together, with the heart of the
“Make Poverty History Campaign” (as the marching carried
out in Edinburgh), politics can change things – and this is
how we can defeat poverty wherever we find it [24].
THE 9 WAYS TO REDUCE POVERTY (THE AMERICAN
WAY/PERSPECTIVE) -This should be food for thought toall
the head of governments in the developing countries to
understudy and consider which ones can be
adopted/modified to suite their various countries. The 9
ways are [25]:
1. Increase employment.
2. Raise America’s pay.
3. Sustain not cut the social safety net.
4. Paid family and sick leave.
5. End mass incarceration.
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6. Invest in high quality childcare and early ed.
7. Tackle segregation and concentrated poverty.
8. Immigration reform.
9. End the poverty tax.
CHALLENGES TO GLOBAL POVERTY REDUCTION
For the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) there are many
challenges that need to be addressed so that they can
achieve the international poverty reduction goal envisioned
by the MDGs and SDGs shown in Figure 4. The challenges
include among others:
Inadequate implementation of macroeconomic reforms
and fiscal policies by the multilateral financial
institutions.
Development of innovative approaches for mobilizing
domestic financial resources.
Problem of huge foreign debts.
Very low/limited range of exports which continues to
decline in price as against strategic imports [26].
Difficulties in public financial and administrative
management systems.
Favorable settings or conditions for corruption, with a
judicial system that protects offenders, particularly
those connected to the power structure, as in the caseof
the Mozambican economy reported in May 2006 by the
United States Agency for International Development
(USAID) [27]. This statement is to a large extent very
true of most, if not all of the African/developing
countries.
Moreover, the latest Global Monitoring Report (GMR) stated
the three major challenges to ending extreme poverty [28]
as:
1. The depth of remaining poverty,
2. The unevenness in shared prosperity, and
3. The persistent disparities in non-income dimensions of
development.
CONCLUSION
Poverty lawsare directly focused on how global poverty can
be drastically and quickly eradicated or reduced to the
lowest minimal level, most especially in the developing
countries, andwhile the developed nations can stilldomore.
It should be noted that poverty is one of the major causes of
crime, for according to criminology “corruption by itself is a
crime” – a crime against humanity, since corruption
undermines development by lining the pockets of dishonest
persons with development funds. Bluntly speaking, most if
not all of the head of governments in the third world
countries, are extremely corrupt, and only playinglipservice
to the eradication or reduction of poverty in their respective
countries, which has led such countries to where they are
today. Corrupt leaders must be seriously and heavily
sanctioned for their evils.
The enormity and complexity of poverty issue could
endanger the social fabric, undermine economic
development, the environment, and threaten the political
stability in many countries (most specifically African
countries).
We must spare no effort to free our fellow men, women, and
children from abject and dehumanizing conditions of
extreme poverty.
REFERENCES
[1] UNFPA 2007, “State of World Population 2007”
Unleashing the Potential of Urban Growth
https://www.unfpa.org>
[2] Shetty, Priya (2011) “Health Care for Urban Poor Falls
Through the Gap”. The Lancet 377 pp.627-628.
[3] Montgomery, Mark R. (2009) “Urban Poverty and
Health in Developing Countries”. Population Bulletin
64: pp. 2-15.
[4] United Nations (2017) The World’s Cities in 2016.
[5] Dye, Christopher (2008) “Health and Urban Living”.
Science 319: pp. 768-770.
[6] World Health Organization (WHO), and UnitedNations
Human Settlement Programme (UN-HABITAT). 2010.
Hidden Cities: Unmasking and Overcoming Health
Inequalities in Urban Settings.
[7] David Rosnick, “A History of Poverty Worldwide”
https://cepr.shortandstories.com>
[8] SakariHakkinen, “Poverty in the First-Century Galilee”
September 2016, http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57913
[9] “Measuring Poverty,” Poverty Net: the World Bank
Group
http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/mission/up2.htm
[10] Response of President Thabo Mbeki to the Debate on
“The State of the Nation Address,” National Assembly,
Cape Town, Feb 15, 2001, quoted in Crime and
Development in Africa, UNODC, June 2005, pp.2.
[11] Gaurav Kumar, “What is Poverty and its Types?” April
2018, https://www.jagranjosh.com
[12] Poverty law https://en.m.wikipedia.org
[13] Poverty law 2019, “Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Program SNAP|USDA-FNS” www.fns.usda.gov
[14] 10 Common Root Causes of Poverty
https://www.humanrightscareers.com>
[15] Global Stratification – 2012 Book Archive
https://2012books.lardbucket.org>
[16] Data from World Bank (2009). World Development
Report 2009. Washington DC.
[17] “WHO, 2010 and Children’s Environmental Health”
https://www.who.int/ceh/risks/cehwater2/en/index.
htm1
[18] ibid
[19] “Health Nutrition and Population Statistics”
http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do?step=2
&id=4
[20] “The Impact of Global Poverty”
https://saylordotorg.github.io>
[21] “Poverty Eradication – The United Nations”
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org>
[22] Singh P. K.; Chudasama H. 2020, “Evaluating Poverty
alleviation Strategies in a Developing Country” PLoS
ONE 15(1): e0227176.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227176
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[23] Rt. Hon. Hilary Benn MP, 2007, Secretary of State for
International Development, DFID.
[24] ibid
[25] The Raising ofAmerica Early childhood and the Future
of our Nation “9 Ways to Reduce Poverty”
www.raisingofamerica.org>
[26] Al Binger, 2004, CDP Background Paper No. 3
ST/2004/CDP/3 “The Poverty Reduction Challenge in
LDCs – the United Nations” https://www.un.org>
[27] Anticorruption Assessment Handbook. Final Report -
USAID February 28, 2009. https://pdf.usais.gov>
[28] Marcio Cruz, etal. October 16, 2015, World BankBlogs
on Let’s Talk Development, “The Three Major
Challenges to Ending Extreme Poverty”
https://blogs.worldbank.org>
Figure 1 India lags behind child Mortality
Figure 2. Poor Sanitation and Waste Management
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Figure 3 Child Malnutrition and Poverty
Figure 4 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)