it was am assignment from my poverty alleviation course unit ....thought i might share

1. HOW PEOPLE MOVE IN AND
OUT OF POVERTY
UNIT CODE: BCD 217
STUDENT No: BACD/LMR/3582/13
TUTOR: ANTHONY MKUTU

2. DEFINITION OF POVERTY
“Fundamentally, poverty is denial of choices and opportunities a
violation of human dignity, it means lack of basic capacity to
participate effectively in society,…..it means insecurity
powerlessness and exclusion of individuals,households and
communities,it means susceptibility to violence and it often implies
living on marginal or fragile environments without access to clean
water or sanitation”
(UN statement June 1998 signed by the heads of all UN agencies)

4. POVERTYTHEORIES
The Marxist view of poverty
Poverty is caused by capitalism
Poverty is inevitable under capitalism
The bourgeoise pay the proletariat low wages in order to maximize profit
The protetariat suffer from false consciousness thinking their wages are fair and
reasonable
The Functionalist explanation of poverty
Poverty exists and persists because it is functional
Examples
• Poverty creates jobs for the middle classes-police officers,social workers
• Poverty helps the economy,out of date food, last season’s clothes and old cars are all
bought by the poor
• Poverty ensures that all jobs are filled in society-the poor will take up all
dull/dangerous/dirty jobs that no one else wants

5. Why are people poor?
Some social analysts believe that
characteristics of individuals cause
poverty. sociologists in contrast
examine structural features of
society such as employment
opportunities, to find the causes of
poverty, sociologists generally
conclude that life orientations are a
consequence not the cause,of
people’s position in the social class
structure

7. POVERTYTRAP
Situation created by tax laws and income related social security
benefits that prevents people from climbing out of welfare
dependency. If these people strive and earn more, they move into
higher tax brackets and end up having even less disposable income
than before. After trying several times, they generally give up and
may accept the situation as their fate.
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/poverty-trap.html

12. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Consumer Price Indices (CPI) and rates of
inflation for February, 2017. .The overall inflation rate stood at 9.04 per cent in
February 2017.
Broad Commodity Group % Change on
last month
(February
2017/ January
2017)
% Change on same
month of previous
year (February
2017/ February
2016)
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages 3.08 16.50
Housing,Water, Electricity, Gas
and other
Fuels
0.41 2.33
Health 1.42 3.58
Transport 0.70 4.26
Education 0.52 2.94

13. National Average Retail Prices of Selected Commodities KNBS Feb 2017
Commodity
Name
Unit of
Measure
Average
Price
February
2016
Average
Price
January
2017
Average
Price
February
2017
% Change
on last
month
% change
on same
month
last year
Kale-
Sukuma
Wiki
1 Kg 36.8 48.7 54.1 11.0 46.9
Maize Flour
- Sifted
2 Kg 105.5 119.6 126.8 6.0 20.2
Cabbages 1 Kg 48.1 71.6 74.8 4.6 55.7
Offals -
Matumbo
1 Kg 240.5 252.3 250.8 -0.6 4.3
Beef -With
Bones
1 Kg 398.2 402.4 400.9 -0.4 0.7
Milk - Fresh
Unpacketed
1000 Ml 54.1 55.5 57.8 4.1 6.9

14. HOWTO MOVE OUT OF POVERTY

16. CONCLUSION-SGD 1 NO POVERTY
• What’s the goal here?
To end poverty in all its forms everywhere by 2030.
• Why?
More than 700 million people still live in extreme poverty and are struggling to
fulfil the most basic needs like health, education, and access to water and
sanitation, to name a few.That’s a lot of people.

17. Conclusion cont…
So what can I do about it?
• If you are a young person:Your active engagement in policymaking can make a difference in
addressing poverty. It ensures that your rights are promoted and that your voice is heard,
that inter-generational knowledge is shared, and that innovation and critical thinking are
encouraged at all ages to support transformational change in people’s lives and
communities.
• If you are a policymaker:Governments can help create an enabling environment to generate
productive employment and job opportunities for the poor and the marginalized.They can
formulate strategies and fiscal policies that stimulate pro-poor growth, and reduce poverty.
• If you work in the private sector:The private sector, as an engine of economic growth, has a
major role to play in determining whether the growth it creates is inclusive and hence
contributes to poverty reduction. It can promote economic opportunities for the poor,
focusing on segments of the economy where most of the poor are active, namely on micro
and small enterprises and those operating in the informal sector.

18. Cont…..
• If you are part of the science and academic community:The academic and
education community have a major role in increasing the awareness about
the impact of poverty. Science provides the foundation for new and
sustainable approaches, solutions and technologies to tackle the challenges
of reducing poverty and achieving sustainable development.The
contribution of science to end poverty has been significant. For example, it
has enabled access to safe drinking water, reduced deaths caused by water-
borne diseases, and improved hygiene to reduce health risks related to
unsafe drinking water and lack of sanitation.
To find out more about Goal #1 and other Sustainable Development Goals
visit:http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment

19. Questions?
Thank you,kris