Postpartum haemorrhage
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Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 500 ml within 24 hours after birth. The most common cause of PPH is uterine atony, where the uterus fails to contract after delivery. Other causes include retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and uterine inversion. Medical management focuses on treating uterine atony and coagulopathy. Uterine packing can be used to temporarily control bleeding while blood products are administered. If medical treatments are unsuccessful, surgical interventions like compression sutures, artery ligation, and hysterectomy may be required.
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Pph mou
Post partum haemorrhagerefers to Blood loss of 500 ml or more per vaginum during the first 24hrs after the delivery of the baby.
Management of Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH)
Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide, accounting for nearly one quarter of all maternal deaths. PPH can occur within 24 hours of delivery (primary) or 24 hours to 6 weeks after delivery (secondary). Active management of the third stage of labor, including administration of uterotonic drugs like oxytocin, decreases the risk of PPH. While oxytocin is the gold standard for treating PPH, misoprostol has been shown to be a safe and effective alternative in settings where oxytocin is unavailable. Secondary PPH is often associated with infection and is generally treated with antibiotics along with uterotonics or balloon tamponade if bleeding continues. Surgical
Postpartum Haemorrhage
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is still a major cause of maternal mortality, responsible for 20-25% of deaths. It can be caused by uterine atony, retained placenta, genital tract trauma, or coagulation disorders. Risk factors include previous PPH, obesity, multiple pregnancy, and operative delivery. Proper management of PPH involves early recognition, resuscitation with IV fluids and blood transfusion, identifying and treating the cause, and close monitoring in ICU. Delays in management and transportation significantly increase mortality.
Postpartum haemorrhage
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 500 ml within 24 hours after birth. The most common cause of PPH is uterine atony, where the uterus fails to contract after delivery. Other causes include retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and uterine inversion. Medical management focuses on treating uterine atony and coagulopathy. Uterine packing can be used to temporarily control bleeding while blood products are administered. Surgery such as compression sutures, artery ligation, and hysterectomy may be needed if bleeding cannot be controlled.
Prolapse of the uterus.pptx
Uterine prolapse occurs when the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments weaken, causing the uterus to descend into the vagina. It is common in post-menopausal women with a history of vaginal childbirth. Symptoms include feeling a bulge in the vagina, urinary incontinence, and pressure or pain in the pelvis. Management options include pelvic floor exercises, pessaries to support the uterus, and surgical procedures to repair damaged tissues or remove the uterus.
Postpartum hemorrhage and Its Management
This document defines postpartum hemorrhage and describes its causes and management. Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as blood loss of over 500 ml following vaginal delivery or 1000 ml following cesarean section. It can be primary within 24 hours of delivery or secondary between 24 hours and 6 weeks postpartum. The main causes are uterine atony, trauma, retained placenta, and coagulation disorders. Management involves identifying the cause using the "tone, tissue, trauma, thrombin" protocol and treating with uterotonic drugs, manual removal of the placenta if retained, repair of lacerations, and blood replacement if coagulopathy is present.
UMBILICAL CORD ABNORMALITIES & ITS OBSTETRIC OUTCOME BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
This document discusses the structure, function and abnormalities of the umbilical cord. It begins by describing the normal anatomy of the umbilical cord, including that it contains a single umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries surrounded by Wharton's jelly. It then discusses various abnormalities such as abnormal cord length, coiling, number of vessels and cord insertions. Specific abnormalities like vasa previa and cord knots are explained in detail. The management of abnormalities like cord prolapse is also covered.
Pph
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality. It can be primary (within 24 hours of delivery) or secondary (24 hours to 6 weeks postpartum). Primary PPH is usually due to uterine atony or trauma during delivery. Management involves emptying the uterus, replacing blood loss, and ensuring haemostasis. Secondary PPH is often caused by infection or retained placental fragments. Treatment focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying cause while providing supportive care.
Recommended
Pph mou
Post partum haemorrhagerefers to Blood loss of 500 ml or more per vaginum during the first 24hrs after the delivery of the baby.
Management of Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH)
Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide, accounting for nearly one quarter of all maternal deaths. PPH can occur within 24 hours of delivery (primary) or 24 hours to 6 weeks after delivery (secondary). Active management of the third stage of labor, including administration of uterotonic drugs like oxytocin, decreases the risk of PPH. While oxytocin is the gold standard for treating PPH, misoprostol has been shown to be a safe and effective alternative in settings where oxytocin is unavailable. Secondary PPH is often associated with infection and is generally treated with antibiotics along with uterotonics or balloon tamponade if bleeding continues. Surgical
Postpartum Haemorrhage
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is still a major cause of maternal mortality, responsible for 20-25% of deaths. It can be caused by uterine atony, retained placenta, genital tract trauma, or coagulation disorders. Risk factors include previous PPH, obesity, multiple pregnancy, and operative delivery. Proper management of PPH involves early recognition, resuscitation with IV fluids and blood transfusion, identifying and treating the cause, and close monitoring in ICU. Delays in management and transportation significantly increase mortality.
Postpartum haemorrhage
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 500 ml within 24 hours after birth. The most common cause of PPH is uterine atony, where the uterus fails to contract after delivery. Other causes include retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and uterine inversion. Medical management focuses on treating uterine atony and coagulopathy. Uterine packing can be used to temporarily control bleeding while blood products are administered. Surgery such as compression sutures, artery ligation, and hysterectomy may be needed if bleeding cannot be controlled.
Prolapse of the uterus.pptx
Uterine prolapse occurs when the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments weaken, causing the uterus to descend into the vagina. It is common in post-menopausal women with a history of vaginal childbirth. Symptoms include feeling a bulge in the vagina, urinary incontinence, and pressure or pain in the pelvis. Management options include pelvic floor exercises, pessaries to support the uterus, and surgical procedures to repair damaged tissues or remove the uterus.
Postpartum hemorrhage and Its Management
This document defines postpartum hemorrhage and describes its causes and management. Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as blood loss of over 500 ml following vaginal delivery or 1000 ml following cesarean section. It can be primary within 24 hours of delivery or secondary between 24 hours and 6 weeks postpartum. The main causes are uterine atony, trauma, retained placenta, and coagulation disorders. Management involves identifying the cause using the "tone, tissue, trauma, thrombin" protocol and treating with uterotonic drugs, manual removal of the placenta if retained, repair of lacerations, and blood replacement if coagulopathy is present.
UMBILICAL CORD ABNORMALITIES & ITS OBSTETRIC OUTCOME BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
This document discusses the structure, function and abnormalities of the umbilical cord. It begins by describing the normal anatomy of the umbilical cord, including that it contains a single umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries surrounded by Wharton's jelly. It then discusses various abnormalities such as abnormal cord length, coiling, number of vessels and cord insertions. Specific abnormalities like vasa previa and cord knots are explained in detail. The management of abnormalities like cord prolapse is also covered.
Pph
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality. It can be primary (within 24 hours of delivery) or secondary (24 hours to 6 weeks postpartum). Primary PPH is usually due to uterine atony or trauma during delivery. Management involves emptying the uterus, replacing blood loss, and ensuring haemostasis. Secondary PPH is often caused by infection or retained placental fragments. Treatment focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying cause while providing supportive care.
Essential Genetics for Obstetricians
Clinical genetics is one of the most rapidly advancing fields in medicine. Spectacular progress has been achieved in this century with unravelling of the entire draft sequence of the human genome. A major contribution of these advances has been in diagnosis, management and prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders as treatment in most cases is difficult or impossible and where available beyond the means of most families. Genetic technology is advancing rapidly, bringing new, safer and more sensitive ways to diagnose genetic conditions pre- and postnatally. These advances will bring about profound changes in the way we deliver obstetric services to women and their families. Diagnosing a genetic disorder not only allows for disease-specific management options but also has implications for the affected individual's entire family. Hence, a working understanding of the underlying concepts of genetic disease is important for all practicing clinicians. Although it is impossible to know all aspects of clinical and molecular genetics, basic knowledge of certain topics is a must for all practicing obstetrician/gynecologists.
blood transfusions during pregnancy
Transfusion involves preparing and transfusing blood and blood products. It involves whole blood, packed red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and plasma fractions. Major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality are chronic anemia of pregnancy and major obstetric hemorrhage. For hemorrhage, initial resuscitation with fluids is priority to restore volume, followed by packed red blood cells and component replacement based on coagulation tests. Continuous monitoring guides treatment, and identifying/treating the cause of bleeding is important. Risks of transfusion include febrile reactions, infections, and complications from stored blood.
PLACENTA
The document summarizes the development, functions, and abnormalities of the placenta. It discusses how the placenta develops from implantation through formation of chorionic villi and circulation. It describes the placenta's main functions of transferring nutrients and waste between mother and fetus, as well as endocrine and barrier functions. It also covers placental hormones, mechanisms of substance transfer, and diagnostic uses and immunological role of the placenta.
Amniotic fluid
1. Amniotic fluid is produced by the fetus urinating and respiratory secretions into the amniotic sac. It allows room for fetal growth and protects the fetus from trauma.
2. Abnormalities in amniotic fluid volume include oligohydramnios (low volume) and polyhydramnios (high volume). Oligohydramnios can cause fetal deformities and pulmonary hypoplasia while polyhydramnios increases risks of preterm labor and fetal malpresentation.
3. Causes of the abnormalities include fetal anomalies, maternal diabetes, and premature rupture of membranes. Management involves monitoring for complications, treating any underlying causes, and possibly inducing labor if fetal lung
Aph
This document discusses antepartum hemorrhage (APH), which is bleeding during pregnancy after 24 weeks of gestation. It describes the main causes of APH as placental abnormalities like placenta previa, placenta abruption, and vasa previa. Placenta previa is when the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment or over the cervical os. Risk factors include previous c-sections and advanced maternal age. Diagnosis is usually by ultrasound and digital exams are avoided due to risk of bleeding. Management depends on severity but often involves admission, monitoring, and eventual c-section delivery. The document contrasts the presentations and management of placenta previa versus placenta abruption.
Puerperal sepsis By Sunil Kumar Daha
Please find the power point on Puerperal sepsis. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
1 eclampsia drill.ppt dr. sharda jain
This document provides guidance on managing eclampsia, an obstetric emergency characterized by seizures in pregnancy. It outlines the immediate steps to take, including stabilizing the airway, breathing and circulation. It recommends administering magnesium sulfate to control seizures, with loading and maintenance dosing protocols. It also provides guidance on controlling blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs like labetolol and nifedipine. The subsequent management involves ongoing monitoring, preventing further seizures and making decisions about delivery. The overall message is that eclampsia requires rapid response and skilled management to prevent complications for both mother and baby.
Malpresentation illi(2)
This document discusses various fetal malpresentations and malpositions that can occur during labor and delivery. It defines malpresentation as a non-vertex presentation such as breech, brow, or transverse lie, and malposition as positions other than occiput anterior. Common presentations and positions are described along with their diagnosis, management, and potential complications. Breech presentation management includes external cephalic version, spontaneous version, or caesarean section depending on gestational age and other risk factors. Vaginal breech delivery techniques like Pinard's maneuver and Burns Marshall method are outlined. Face presentations are also summarized.
Medical management of postpartum hemorrhage pph lecture
The document provides an overview of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) including its definition, risk factors, causes, prevention, and management. It discusses predicting patients at risk, preparing for potential hemorrhage, and treating PPH through evaluating tone, tissue, trauma, and thrombin (the 4 Ts). Uterine atony is identified as the leading cause, accounting for 80% of PPH cases. Early use of uterotonic medications and fluid resuscitation are emphasized as essential in management.
Placenta previa
This document discusses bleeding during pregnancy, specifically focusing on bleeding in late pregnancy known as ante partum hemorrhage. It describes the main causes of ante partum hemorrhage as placenta previa and abruptio placenta. Placenta previa is defined as an abnormally positioned placenta that covers all or part of the cervical os, and can cause inevitable bleeding. The document outlines the prevalence, causes, degrees, diagnosis, and management of placenta previa. Nursing care for women with placenta previa focuses on careful assessment and monitoring of maternal and fetal status, with the goals of preventing complications and delivering a healthy infant.
Respectful Maternity Care
RMC is an approach centered on the individual, based on principles of ethics and respect for human rights, and promotes practices that recognize women’s preferences and women’s and newborns’ needs.
Antepartum hemorrhage
This document discusses antepartum hemorrhage (APH), specifically placenta previa and placental abruption. It defines APH as bleeding from or into the genital tract after 28 weeks of pregnancy but before birth. Placenta previa is when the placenta implants over the lower uterine segment or cervical os, while placental abruption is the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta. Both can cause painless vaginal bleeding and are medical emergencies. The document outlines risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, potential complications, and management approaches for each condition.
Abruptio placenta
Abruptio placentae, also known as placental abruption, is the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the inner wall of the uterus prior to delivery of the fetus. It occurs in approximately 1 in 200 pregnancies and can cause fetal death in 1 in 2060 cases. Risk factors include maternal age, parity, hypertension, preeclampsia, smoking, and prior abruptio. Clinically, it presents with vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine tenderness, and fetal distress. Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and confirmed by ultrasound finding of retroplacental clots. Management involves monitoring vitals, fluid resuscitation, and prompt delivery depending on gestational age and severity
Postpartum haemorrhage pf
This document summarizes causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). PPH is defined as blood loss of 500 ml or more within 24 hours of delivery. Common causes include uterine atony (70%), retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and bleeding disorders. Risk factors include previous uterine surgery, uterine abnormalities, and operative delivery. Diagnosis involves estimating blood loss and identifying the cause. Management involves resuscitation, arresting the bleeding through uterotonic drugs, manual removal of retained placenta, repairing lacerations, and in severe cases, surgical procedures like hysterectomy.
Primary post partum haemorrhage
The document summarizes postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), defined as blood loss of 500 ml or more within 24 hours of birth. The main causes of PPH are uterine atony, retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and coagulation disorders. Management of PPH involves communication, resuscitation including fluids and blood products, monitoring investigations, and measures to arrest bleeding such as uterine massage, medications to improve uterine tone, and surgical techniques if bleeding persists.
Nursing care for abortion
This document outlines pre-operative and post-operative nursing care instructions for patients undergoing surgical abortion or experiencing pregnancy loss. Pre-operatively, patients are given instructions including not eating or drinking before the procedure. Post-operatively, nurses monitor vital signs for bleeding or infection, assess pain levels, check for excessive vaginal bleeding, and provide emotional support and care of the perineal area to aid recovery.
Postpartum care
Postpartum care involves monitoring for common medical complications like headaches, hemorrhoids, varicose veins, and vulvar edema. It also addresses mental health issues such as postpartum blues, depression, and psychosis. Counseling is provided on breastfeeding, sexuality, and contraception. The routine postpartum visit at 4-6 weeks involves patient education, maternal monitoring, laboratory tests, breastfeeding support, perineal care, and prevention of complications like venous thrombosis.
Placenta
All eutherian mammals possess placenta. Human placenta is discoid, chorio-deciduate organ. Maternal and fetal tissue come in direct contact without rejection. It presents foetal and maternal surfaces and peripheral margins.
Prelabour Rupture of Membrane (PROM) by Sunil Kumar Daha
Please find the power point on Prelabour Rupture of Membrane (PROM). I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Blood Products 2018
This document discusses blood products and massive transfusion protocols. It describes various blood components like packed red blood cells, platelets, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate. It outlines indications for transfusing different blood products based on hemoglobin, platelet count, coagulation tests. For massive transfusion, it recommends transfusing red blood cells, plasma, and platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio to achieve therapeutic goals. It also discusses disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) management and complications of massive transfusion like infections, circulatory overload, and metabolic disturbances.
post partal haemorrhage ppt.pdf
It is ridiculous to hear that man from Peru complaining about America’s poverty. Peru has twice as much poverty
pph-150512151237-lva1-app6892.pptx
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality. It can be primary (within 24 hours of delivery) or secondary (24+ hours after delivery). Primary PPH is mainly due to uterine atony or trauma during delivery. Diagnosis involves assessing blood loss and vital signs. Management focuses on uterine massage/contraction, blood transfusion, repairing lacerations, and rarely hysterectomy. Prevention strategies include active management of the third stage of labour and treating prenatal anemia.
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Essential Genetics for Obstetricians
Clinical genetics is one of the most rapidly advancing fields in medicine. Spectacular progress has been achieved in this century with unravelling of the entire draft sequence of the human genome. A major contribution of these advances has been in diagnosis, management and prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders as treatment in most cases is difficult or impossible and where available beyond the means of most families. Genetic technology is advancing rapidly, bringing new, safer and more sensitive ways to diagnose genetic conditions pre- and postnatally. These advances will bring about profound changes in the way we deliver obstetric services to women and their families. Diagnosing a genetic disorder not only allows for disease-specific management options but also has implications for the affected individual's entire family. Hence, a working understanding of the underlying concepts of genetic disease is important for all practicing clinicians. Although it is impossible to know all aspects of clinical and molecular genetics, basic knowledge of certain topics is a must for all practicing obstetrician/gynecologists.
blood transfusions during pregnancy
Transfusion involves preparing and transfusing blood and blood products. It involves whole blood, packed red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and plasma fractions. Major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality are chronic anemia of pregnancy and major obstetric hemorrhage. For hemorrhage, initial resuscitation with fluids is priority to restore volume, followed by packed red blood cells and component replacement based on coagulation tests. Continuous monitoring guides treatment, and identifying/treating the cause of bleeding is important. Risks of transfusion include febrile reactions, infections, and complications from stored blood.
PLACENTA
The document summarizes the development, functions, and abnormalities of the placenta. It discusses how the placenta develops from implantation through formation of chorionic villi and circulation. It describes the placenta's main functions of transferring nutrients and waste between mother and fetus, as well as endocrine and barrier functions. It also covers placental hormones, mechanisms of substance transfer, and diagnostic uses and immunological role of the placenta.
Amniotic fluid
1. Amniotic fluid is produced by the fetus urinating and respiratory secretions into the amniotic sac. It allows room for fetal growth and protects the fetus from trauma.
2. Abnormalities in amniotic fluid volume include oligohydramnios (low volume) and polyhydramnios (high volume). Oligohydramnios can cause fetal deformities and pulmonary hypoplasia while polyhydramnios increases risks of preterm labor and fetal malpresentation.
3. Causes of the abnormalities include fetal anomalies, maternal diabetes, and premature rupture of membranes. Management involves monitoring for complications, treating any underlying causes, and possibly inducing labor if fetal lung
Aph
This document discusses antepartum hemorrhage (APH), which is bleeding during pregnancy after 24 weeks of gestation. It describes the main causes of APH as placental abnormalities like placenta previa, placenta abruption, and vasa previa. Placenta previa is when the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment or over the cervical os. Risk factors include previous c-sections and advanced maternal age. Diagnosis is usually by ultrasound and digital exams are avoided due to risk of bleeding. Management depends on severity but often involves admission, monitoring, and eventual c-section delivery. The document contrasts the presentations and management of placenta previa versus placenta abruption.
Puerperal sepsis By Sunil Kumar Daha
Please find the power point on Puerperal sepsis. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
1 eclampsia drill.ppt dr. sharda jain
This document provides guidance on managing eclampsia, an obstetric emergency characterized by seizures in pregnancy. It outlines the immediate steps to take, including stabilizing the airway, breathing and circulation. It recommends administering magnesium sulfate to control seizures, with loading and maintenance dosing protocols. It also provides guidance on controlling blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs like labetolol and nifedipine. The subsequent management involves ongoing monitoring, preventing further seizures and making decisions about delivery. The overall message is that eclampsia requires rapid response and skilled management to prevent complications for both mother and baby.
Malpresentation illi(2)
This document discusses various fetal malpresentations and malpositions that can occur during labor and delivery. It defines malpresentation as a non-vertex presentation such as breech, brow, or transverse lie, and malposition as positions other than occiput anterior. Common presentations and positions are described along with their diagnosis, management, and potential complications. Breech presentation management includes external cephalic version, spontaneous version, or caesarean section depending on gestational age and other risk factors. Vaginal breech delivery techniques like Pinard's maneuver and Burns Marshall method are outlined. Face presentations are also summarized.
Medical management of postpartum hemorrhage pph lecture
The document provides an overview of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) including its definition, risk factors, causes, prevention, and management. It discusses predicting patients at risk, preparing for potential hemorrhage, and treating PPH through evaluating tone, tissue, trauma, and thrombin (the 4 Ts). Uterine atony is identified as the leading cause, accounting for 80% of PPH cases. Early use of uterotonic medications and fluid resuscitation are emphasized as essential in management.
Placenta previa
This document discusses bleeding during pregnancy, specifically focusing on bleeding in late pregnancy known as ante partum hemorrhage. It describes the main causes of ante partum hemorrhage as placenta previa and abruptio placenta. Placenta previa is defined as an abnormally positioned placenta that covers all or part of the cervical os, and can cause inevitable bleeding. The document outlines the prevalence, causes, degrees, diagnosis, and management of placenta previa. Nursing care for women with placenta previa focuses on careful assessment and monitoring of maternal and fetal status, with the goals of preventing complications and delivering a healthy infant.
Respectful Maternity Care
RMC is an approach centered on the individual, based on principles of ethics and respect for human rights, and promotes practices that recognize women’s preferences and women’s and newborns’ needs.
Antepartum hemorrhage
This document discusses antepartum hemorrhage (APH), specifically placenta previa and placental abruption. It defines APH as bleeding from or into the genital tract after 28 weeks of pregnancy but before birth. Placenta previa is when the placenta implants over the lower uterine segment or cervical os, while placental abruption is the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta. Both can cause painless vaginal bleeding and are medical emergencies. The document outlines risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, potential complications, and management approaches for each condition.
Abruptio placenta
Abruptio placentae, also known as placental abruption, is the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the inner wall of the uterus prior to delivery of the fetus. It occurs in approximately 1 in 200 pregnancies and can cause fetal death in 1 in 2060 cases. Risk factors include maternal age, parity, hypertension, preeclampsia, smoking, and prior abruptio. Clinically, it presents with vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine tenderness, and fetal distress. Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and confirmed by ultrasound finding of retroplacental clots. Management involves monitoring vitals, fluid resuscitation, and prompt delivery depending on gestational age and severity
Postpartum haemorrhage pf
This document summarizes causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). PPH is defined as blood loss of 500 ml or more within 24 hours of delivery. Common causes include uterine atony (70%), retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and bleeding disorders. Risk factors include previous uterine surgery, uterine abnormalities, and operative delivery. Diagnosis involves estimating blood loss and identifying the cause. Management involves resuscitation, arresting the bleeding through uterotonic drugs, manual removal of retained placenta, repairing lacerations, and in severe cases, surgical procedures like hysterectomy.
Primary post partum haemorrhage
The document summarizes postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), defined as blood loss of 500 ml or more within 24 hours of birth. The main causes of PPH are uterine atony, retained placenta, genital tract trauma, and coagulation disorders. Management of PPH involves communication, resuscitation including fluids and blood products, monitoring investigations, and measures to arrest bleeding such as uterine massage, medications to improve uterine tone, and surgical techniques if bleeding persists.
Nursing care for abortion
This document outlines pre-operative and post-operative nursing care instructions for patients undergoing surgical abortion or experiencing pregnancy loss. Pre-operatively, patients are given instructions including not eating or drinking before the procedure. Post-operatively, nurses monitor vital signs for bleeding or infection, assess pain levels, check for excessive vaginal bleeding, and provide emotional support and care of the perineal area to aid recovery.
Postpartum care
Postpartum care involves monitoring for common medical complications like headaches, hemorrhoids, varicose veins, and vulvar edema. It also addresses mental health issues such as postpartum blues, depression, and psychosis. Counseling is provided on breastfeeding, sexuality, and contraception. The routine postpartum visit at 4-6 weeks involves patient education, maternal monitoring, laboratory tests, breastfeeding support, perineal care, and prevention of complications like venous thrombosis.
Placenta
All eutherian mammals possess placenta. Human placenta is discoid, chorio-deciduate organ. Maternal and fetal tissue come in direct contact without rejection. It presents foetal and maternal surfaces and peripheral margins.
Prelabour Rupture of Membrane (PROM) by Sunil Kumar Daha
Please find the power point on Prelabour Rupture of Membrane (PROM). I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Blood Products 2018
This document discusses blood products and massive transfusion protocols. It describes various blood components like packed red blood cells, platelets, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate. It outlines indications for transfusing different blood products based on hemoglobin, platelet count, coagulation tests. For massive transfusion, it recommends transfusing red blood cells, plasma, and platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio to achieve therapeutic goals. It also discusses disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) management and complications of massive transfusion like infections, circulatory overload, and metabolic disturbances.
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Medical management of postpartum hemorrhage pph lecture
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Prelabour Rupture of Membrane (PROM) by Sunil Kumar Daha
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Similar to Postpartum haemorrhage
post partal haemorrhage ppt.pdf
It is ridiculous to hear that man from Peru complaining about America’s poverty. Peru has twice as much poverty
pph-150512151237-lva1-app6892.pptx
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality. It can be primary (within 24 hours of delivery) or secondary (24+ hours after delivery). Primary PPH is mainly due to uterine atony or trauma during delivery. Diagnosis involves assessing blood loss and vital signs. Management focuses on uterine massage/contraction, blood transfusion, repairing lacerations, and rarely hysterectomy. Prevention strategies include active management of the third stage of labour and treating prenatal anemia.
Postpartum hemorrhage1
This document defines and describes postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). PPH is bleeding after childbirth within 24 hours (primary) or anytime after 24 hours (secondary). Primary PPH is blood loss over 500ml vaginally or 1000ml for c-section. The main causes are atonic PPH from the uterus failing to contract (90% of cases), traumatic due to birth injuries, coagulopathy, and retained placenta. Risk factors include prior PPH, macrosomia, and prolonged labor. Prevention focuses on risk assessment, monitoring for complete placenta removal, and having protocols for rapid response to hemorrhage. Secondary PPH can be caused by infection, retained fragments, or uterine inc
Postpartum hemorrhage - with pictures.pptx
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is excessive bleeding following childbirth. It can be primary (within 24 hours) or secondary (24 hours to 6 weeks). The main causes are uterine atony (70%), trauma (20%), and retained tissue (10%). Signs include visible bleeding, pallor, tachycardia, and a boggy uterus. Treatment involves uterine massage, bimanual compression, fluid resuscitation, medications like oxytocin and misoprostol, and monitoring of vital signs. Prevention strategies include risk identification, active management of the third stage of labor, and treatment of any lacerations. PPH is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide.
3883262.ppt
This document defines postpartum hemorrhage and discusses its causes and management. It states that postpartum hemorrhage is defined as blood loss of over 500 ml following vaginal delivery or 1000 ml following c-section. The main causes discussed are atonic (80% of cases), traumatic, and coagulopathy. It recommends the use of uterotonic drugs like oxytocin to reduce the risk of PPH by over 40% and outlines the mnemonic "tone, tissue, trauma, thrombin" for evaluating and treating postpartum hemorrhage. Early recognition and having an established management plan are important for treating PPH once preventive measures fail.
Postpartum hemorrhage
The document summarizes information about postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), which is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. It discusses that PPH occurs when a woman loses 500-1000ml of blood within 24 hours after giving birth. The top four reasons for PPH are uterine atony (weak uterus), uterine trauma, retained placental tissue, and blood clotting conditions. Treatment methods include blood transfusions, uterotonic drugs like oxytocin and misoprostol, and surgery for retained placenta. The document also describes a study conducted to investigate awareness of PPH and its causes and treatments.
PPH
1. Post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) remains a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 100,000 deaths annually.
2. PPH can be primary (within 24 hours of delivery) or secondary (after 24 hours) and is usually caused by uterine atony (80%) or trauma (20%). Prevention focuses on risk identification, active management of the third stage of labour, and prompt treatment.
3. Initial management of PPH involves uterotonic drugs, uterine massage, IV fluids, and bimanual compression. If bleeding continues, additional measures may include condom catheter tamponade, uterine or internal iliac artery ligation, or hysterectomy.
Postpartum
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is excessive bleeding after childbirth. PPH is defined as blood loss over 500mL after a vaginal delivery or 1000mL after a C-section. Risk factors include preeclampsia, prior C-section, prolonged third stage of labor, and placenta previa. Causes are commonly grouped into four categories related to uterine tone, trauma, retained tissue, and coagulation disorders. Diagnosis involves monitoring vitals and blood work. Prevention focuses on treating anemia, avoiding unnecessary procedures, and active management of the third stage. Treatment may include uterine massage, medications, procedures to remove tissue or repair lacerations, and in severe cases, embolization or
POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE.pptx
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide, accounting for about a quarter of maternal deaths. PPH is defined as blood loss greater than 500ml following vaginal delivery or 1000ml following cesarean section. Risk factors include previous PPH, large birth size, uterine atony, and retained placental tissue. Treatment involves identifying the cause, administering uterotonic drugs, uterine massage, repairing lacerations, and blood transfusions. Prevention strategies include active management of the third stage of labor and treating anemia during pregnancy. Early detection and intervention through a coordinated multidisciplinary team approach are needed to reduce excess maternal mortality from PPH.
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The third stage of labor, which involves delivery of the placenta, is the most crucial stage for the mother's health. A major complication is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), excessive bleeding after childbirth. PPH can be primary (within 24 hours) or secondary (24+ hours later). The main causes of primary PPH are uterine atony (95%), retained tissue, trauma, and coagulopathy. Treatment involves controlling bleeding through uterine massage, medications, and in severe cases, surgery. While clinical examination and ultrasound are used for diagnosis, homeopathy may also help prevent PPH complications.
Postpartum_Hemorrhage_By_dr.Redwan.pptx
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality. The main causes are uterine atony (80%), trauma (20%), and coagulopathy (rare). Clinical PPH is blood loss >500mL after vaginal delivery or >1000mL after c-section. Treatment involves monitoring vitals, IV fluids, uterotonics like oxytocin and misoprostol, bimanual compression, and blood transfusion. For refractory cases, procedures like balloon tamponade, ligation of uterine arteries, or hysterectomy may be needed. Prevention focuses on risk assessment, active management of third stage of labor, and treatment of secondary PPH if bleeding reoccurs after 24
Postpartum hemorrhage (Dr.Rafi Rozan)
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Excessive bleeding after childbirth can occur due to uterine atony, retained placenta or blood clots, trauma during delivery, or pre-existing coagulation disorders. Preventing postpartum hemorrhage involves risk assessment, active management of the third stage of labor using uterotonics immediately after delivery of the baby, and controlled cord traction to deliver the placenta. Treatment options for postpartum hemorrhage include non-pharmacological techniques like uterine massage and medical interventions like uterotonics, tranexamic acid, recombinant factor VIIa, and in severe cases, surgical procedures.
APH.pptx
1. Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) refers to bleeding from the genital tract during pregnancy after viability (24 weeks) and before labour. It affects 4% of pregnancies and is a medical emergency due to risks of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality.
2. The two main causes of APH are placenta previa and abruption placentae. Placenta previa is when the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, partially or fully covering the cervical os. Abruptio placentae is the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta.
3. Management of APH depends on the severity of bleeding, gestational age, and fetal/m
Anesthesia for ANTEPARTUM HAEMORHHAGE (APH)
This document discusses anaesthetic management for antepartum haemorrhage (APH) due to placenta previa or abruption. It begins by defining APH and describing the two main causes as placenta previa and abruption. For abruption, it notes that general anaesthesia is preferred due to the high risk of postpartum haemorrhage. For placenta previa, spinal or epidural anaesthesia can be considered if the patient is stable and accreta has been ruled out, otherwise general anaesthesia is used. The document provides detailed guidelines for anaesthetic management in massive bleeding situations, emphasizing fluid replacement, blood product transfusion, and being prepared for potential interventions like embol
ANAESTHESIA FOR ANTEPARTUM HAEMORHHAGE
1. Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) refers to vaginal bleeding after 24 weeks of gestation and can endanger the lives of the mother and fetus. The most common causes are placenta previa and abruptio placentae.
2. Abruptio placentae involves premature separation of the placenta and can range from minor to major/life-threatening. General anaesthesia is recommended even in stable patients due to high risk of postpartum haemorrhage.
3. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, potentially causing painless bleeding. Grading depends on proximity to the cervical os. Spinal
Coagulation failure in pregnancy
This document provides an overview of deranged coagulation profiles in obstetric patients. It begins by noting that hemorrhage remains a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. It then reviews the normal coagulation cascade and alterations that occur during pregnancy, including an increased potential to form thrombin due to higher coagulation factor levels. It classifies coagulation disorders in pregnancy and discusses specific conditions like von Willebrand disease, hemophilia, thrombocytopenia, HELLP syndrome, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The document provides details on evaluating coagulation disorders and managing related conditions in obstetric patients.
Pph drill
Dr. Monika Madaan discusses postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a leading cause of maternal mortality. PPH is defined as blood loss over 500ml after delivery. Risk factors include placenta previa/accreta, coagulopathy, overdistended uterus, grand multiparity, abnormal labor, and previous PPH history. Active management of the third stage of labor can help prevent PPH. Treatment involves resuscitation, fluid replacement, administering uterotonics and other drugs, uterine tamponade, compression sutures, devascularization, and hysterectomy if needed. New developments include tranexamic acid and recombinant factor VII. Proper documentation and debriefing are also
Postpartum hemarrhage new.ppt
1) Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, complicating between 1 in 20 and 1 in 100 deliveries.
2) PPH can be classified as primary (occurring within 24 hours of delivery) or secondary (occurring 24 hours to 12 weeks after delivery). The most common causes of primary PPH are uterine atony, retained placental tissue, and genital tract trauma.
3) Prevention through active management of the third stage of labor and use of uterotonics can reduce the risk of PPH by 40%. Treatment involves bimanual uterine compression, uterotonics, uterine tamponade, and in severe cases, procedures like
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Postpartum haemorrhage
- 1. POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE MOHD HANAFI BIN RAMLEE MBBS IIIB 1
- 2. PPH: DEFINITION PPH is generally defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 500 ml within 24 hours after birth, while severe PPH is blood loss greater than or equal to 1000 ml within 24 Hours. -WHO- ANTEPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE 24 hours 6 weeks PRIMARY SECONDARY Conception 22 weeks Foetal viability POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE 2/15
- 3. PRIMARY PPH: AETIOLOGY 3/15
- 4. SECONDARY PPH: AETIOLOGY Retained products of conception Infection Breakdown of uterine wound Chronic sub-involution of uterus Thophoblastic disease (rare) Endometrial cancer (rare) 4/15
- 6. Retained product of conception
- 8. Oxytocin augmentation of labour
- 11. Uterine fibroid
- 12. General anesthetic drugs (halothane)
- 14. Chorioamnionitis
- 15. Magnesium sulphate treatment of PIH
- 16. Anemia5/15
- 17. PPH: RETAINED PLACENTA Defined as failure of the placenta to be expelled within 30 minutes after delivery of the fetus. 2% of deliveries continues bleeding Causes: Placenta separated but undelivered Placenta partly or wholly attached Placenta accreta 6/15
- 18. PPH: GENITAL TRACT TRAUMA Commonly follow an assisted delivery (forceps, ventouse) Episiotomy can sometimes extends upwards and cause bleeding. Uterine rupture at previous caesarean section previous myomectomy 7/15
- 19. PPH: UTERINE INVERTION Uterus pushed “inside out”, fundus at the introitus A rare complication. Commonly occur due to mismanagement of third stage of labour(controlled cord traction is applied when the uterus is not contract, or excessive fundalpressure) Uterine atony and uterine anomalies. First Degree- (Incomplete)-inverted fundus reached the external os. Second Degree- (Complete)-whole body of the uterus is inverted and protudes into the vagina Third Degree- prolapse of inverted uterus, cervix and vagina outside the vulva Consequences Severe shock - anuria and renal failure Sepsis Chronic inversion Uterus strangulate and slough off 8/15
- 20. MANAGEMENT: POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE MOHD HANAFI BIN RAMLEE MBBS IIIB 9
- 21. At ANE: INITIAL ASSESSMENT AND START BASIC TREATMENT 10/15
- 22. ANE to OT: TEMPORIZING AND TRANSFER INTERVENTION ANE to OT: DRUGS OF CHOICE If not available or bleeding still continue from previous drugs ANE to OT: TORRENTIAL BLEEDING 11/15
- 23. OT: FINDING THE CAUSES 12/15
- 24. OT: SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR PPH 13/15
- 25. OT: B-LYNCH SUTURE 14/15
- 26. SUMMARY Hemorrhage is one of the four leading causes of maternal mortality. The average blood loss from an uncomplicated vaginal delivery is 500 mL, and for cesarean delivery it averages 1,000 mL. Although there is no universally accepted definition for postpartum hemorrhage, it would seem reasonable to define postpartum hemorrhage as blood loss that produces signs and symptoms of hemodynamic instability. Postpartum hemorrhage may be due to uterine atony (the most common cause), genital tract lacerations, retained products of conception, or defection coagulation. Medical management pertains primarily to the treatment of uterine atony and/or associated coagulopathy. Blood volume replacement should begin with crystalloid followed by packed red blood cells to maintain a urine output of 25 to 30 mL or more per hour and the hematocrit at or near 30% ( Uterine packing should be used primarily as a temporizing method to allow time for adequate volume replacement prior to laparotomy. Surgical techniques for the management of postpartum hemorrhage include uterine compression sutures, uterine artery ligation, internal iliac artery ligation, and hysterectomy THANK YOU!!! 15/15
Editor's Notes
- Uterine packing – balloon, tampone,Torpin packer.
- By Professor Christopher B-LynchThe B-Lynch suture was first described in five women in 1997. In a review of the technique along with other uterine compression suture techniques, it has been reported that out of a 1,000 procedures performed, the failure rate was less than 1%. Very simply, the technique involves placing an absorbable suture in the lower uterine segment and then looping the suture over the fundus. The suture is then passed transversely through the lower uterine segment on the posterior surface of the uterus to the opposite side. The suture is then looped back over the uterine fundus (opposite side of the first loop) and then passed through the lower uterine segment on the anterior suture. Tying off the suture anteriorly results in vertical uterine compression