Postmodernism refers to an absence of belief in anything that cannot be observed across various disciplines. Some key aspects of postmodern thinking include a lack of rules or traditional structures in art, literature, music, and architecture. Postmodernism also discounts intrinsic human value, spirituality, and notions requiring consciousness in fields like history, social sciences, theology, philosophy, and psychology. Government is recommended to operate through direct democracy, while education and news are distrusted.