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The document describes a biofuel cell contact lens that can harvest energy from tears to power ocular devices. The researchers created a test stand mimicking eye conditions and fabricated a contact lens with silicone and buckypaper electrodes. The biofuel cell produced 3 micro-watts of power but voltage was too low for devices and 80% of current was lost after 4 hours. Future work will focus on increasing voltage and improving the repeatable fabrication process.
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This document summarizes the work of Dr. Gil Nonato C. Santos and his research laboratory in fabricating and characterizing various nanomaterials using a horizontal vapor phase growth technique. Some key points:
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Buckypaper is a macroscopic aggregate of carbon nanotubes that is only one tenth the weight of steel yet potentially 500 times stronger. It is made of carbon nanotubes arranged in a grid that are 50,000 times thinner than a human hair. Buckypaper has high strength and flexibility as well as the ability to conduct electricity and disperse heat. Potential applications include filters, protective coatings, energy storage materials, and use in aircraft composites to improve strength while reducing weight. However, buckypaper is currently very expensive to produce.
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Erik Forsberg, Uppsala Bio X
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2. It introduces the PNPA model which relates nanostructured materials, processing requirements, and characterization tools and approaches.
3. Various characterization tools and techniques are described including imaging, surface analysis, organic analysis, and structural and chemical analysis which can provide different types of information about materials.
Synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles
This document discusses various methods for synthesizing hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles, which are important for biomedical applications due to their similarity to natural bone mineral. It describes wet and dry chemical synthesis techniques, including chemical precipitation, hydrothermal, sol-gel, combustion, and hydrolysis methods. For each technique, it provides details on the chemical reactions and processing steps involved, as well as the advantages and disadvantages. The goal of the document is to review different approaches for controlling characteristics of HAp nanoparticles like size, morphology and crystallinity.
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2) Nanoparticles are necessary for high activity photocatalysts due to quantum size effects. Smaller nanoparticles have a larger surface area and better adsorption potential.
3) Photocatalysts have various applications including air purification by decomposing volatile organic compounds, self-cleaning surfaces, water purification by oxidizing pollutants, and dye degradation.
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Graphene is a two-dimensional material composed of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It has unique electrical, mechanical, and optical properties. In 2004, Geim and Novoselov developed the "scotch tape" method to isolate single-atom thick graphene sheets from graphite. This discovery led to the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics. Graphene is synthesized through exfoliation of graphite or epitaxial growth on metal substrates. Potential future applications of graphene include use in biological engineering, optical electronics like touchscreens, ultrafiltration, photovoltaics, composite materials, and supercapacitors.
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A microelectronic pill is a multichannel sensor device that contains tiny cameras and sensors to collect data as it passes through the gastrointestinal tract. It was developed to overcome limitations of early electronic capsules by including improved sensors, batteries, and wireless transmission. The pill captures images and physiological measurements as it travels through the digestive system, transmitting data to an external recorder to help diagnose conditions like Crohn's disease, bleeding, and cancers of the small intestine.
Advance smart irrigation system 1
This document summarizes a dissertation on an advanced smart irrigation system using IoT. The system uses sensors like DHT11 to measure temperature and humidity and a soil moisture sensor. An ESP8266 microcontroller controls water pumps and valves based on sensor readings. Solar panels and batteries provide power. The system aims to irrigate crops efficiently and reduce water waste. It analyzes sensor data to decide irrigation. Performance is over 90% accurate. The smart irrigation system uses IoT concepts like sensors and a microcontroller to automate irrigation based on soil conditions.
Canadian Victory Garden: Overview of an Off Grid Solution
Second Summit on Community Networks in Africa
25 - 26 May 2017, Nairobi, Kenya
By Glenn McKnight (Canada), Victory Garden Project
Benchmarking/Performance Measuring
Tech Session from the 2009 ASHRAE Region VI CRC in Des Moines, Iowa.
Presented by Paul Torcellini of NREL
May 8, 2009
Solar pv tracker
Today’s time solar cells are becoming extremely popular for utilizing solar energy to use in different ways such as producing electricity, transportation,cooking etc .
So many solar panels have been installed all over the world and most of them are stable. They are installed in the direction of maximum radiation of sunlight.
Now the problem arises that the sun is moving .So we cannot use maximum radiation of sun all the time. The position of maximum radiation receiving position only comes once in 24 hours.
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Multi-purpose Mechanical Electromagnetic Generator
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Canadian Victory Garden: Overview of an Off Grid Solution
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poster_seanjones
- 1. Biofuel Cells for Portable and Implantable Devices Sean Jones*, Russ Reid, Bruce Gale seanjones268@gmail.com Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Utah RESULTS/DISCUSSION INTRODUCTION • Problem – Powering ocular devices is currently done externally, limiting physical activity and requiring additional equipment • Solution – Biofuel cell contact lens that can harvest energy from tears METHODS • Created Test Stand • Fabricated Contact Lens • Mimicked human eye conditions by holding temperature at 35 °C and dropped tear solution to mimic blinking • Materials: • Lens – Silicone Elastomer • Electrodes – Buckypaper • Synthetic Tear Solution – PBS, Glucose, Lactate, Ascorbate, Urea, and various proteins • Produced 3 micro-watts of power at 0.2 volts • 80% of current was lost in first 4 hours CONCLUSIONS • Enough power for real ocular devices, such as a glucose sensor, or an intraocular pressure sensor, but the voltage is not high enough. • Future Research might include ways to increase voltage such as trying series formation of the electrodes or a boost converter • Fabrication Problems: • Too many steps done by hand • Electrodes don’t form well to lens curvature • Needs more repeatable process REFERENCES • Leonardi, M., et al, 2009. Acta Ophthalmol. 87, 433-437. • Liao, Y.T., et al, 2012. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits 47, 335-344. • Reid, R.C., et al, 2015. Biosens. Bioelectron. 68, 142-148. FUTURE WORK Fabrication Process Coat Sphere Cured Place Electrodes Trim Test Setup Contact Lens Biofuel Cell PDMS Eye Tear Solution Power Curve Stability Curve Improved Lens Design