This document presents an experiment on the performance and exergy analysis of a solar parabolic dish concentrator system installed at Universal Medicap Limited in Vadodara, India. The objectives are to validate a previous performance analysis methodology, develop an exergy analysis methodology, and conduct experiments. Work completed includes developing an exergy analysis model and Excel sheet, collecting experimental data, and publishing a paper on the performance analysis methodology. Current work involves analyzing collected data, calculating theoretical and actual efficiencies, and minimizing differences to optimize performance.

1. PRESENTED AT BITS EDU CAMPUS
EXPERIMENT ON PERFORMANCE AND EXERGY
ANALYSIS OF MNRE SPONSERED SOLAR PARABOLIC
DISH CONCENTRATOR SYSTEM AT UML, VADODARA
IDP @ UNIVERSAL MEDICAP LTD.
110050119055 RANA AKSHAYKUMAR A.
110050119064 PARMAR HITENDRA V.
110050119103 DOSHI ANKUSH S.
110050119074 PARMAR PARESH K.
Internal Guide : Prof. VANITA THAKKAR
External Guide : Mr. JAGDISH PATEL
27th March, 2015

2. INTRODUCTION
• This is an Industry Defined Project (IDP) for :
Performance and exergy analysis of Parabolic Dish
Solar Concentrator (PDSC) installed at Universal
Medicap Limited, Vadodara.
• The PDSCs are used to increase the temperature of
thermic fluid up to required level.
• At UML, there are two systems installed for the
heating of thermic fluid :
– Biomass-fuelled Boiler System
– Megawatt Dish Solar Concentrators,
primarily for :
– vulcanization of rubber for making caps for bottling of
medicines
– producing “water for injection (wfi) grade water” for
washing the rubber caps.

3. • The company plans to use solar concentrators on a
regular basis, keeping biomass fuelled boiler as a
standby for the solar concentrator system.
• A group of four students of the previous batch had done
their project on : “ PERFORMANCE MONITORING OF
MNRE SPONSORED PARABOLIC DISH TYPE SOLAR
CONCENTRATORS AT UNIVERSAL MEDICAP UML,
VADODARA.”
• The present work is a continuation of that work. It will
include study and then experimentally working on the
Performance Analysis Model developed by them to
check its validity.
• Further, an Exergy Analysis Model will be prepared for
Solar Parabolic Dish Concentrators and experiments will
be carried out on it.
INTRODUCTION (CONTD.)

4. LAYOUT OF BOILER SYSTEM

5. PDSC INSTALLED AT UML Ltd.

6. Nomenclature of SPDC
Principle of SPDC

7. PROBLEM STATEMENT
• Study of solar parabolic disc concentrator at
UML.
• Study of performance analysis model
developed by student of previous batch.
• Experimental validation of performance
analysis model.
• Development of methodology for exergy
analysis.
• Experimentation on exergy analysis.
• Analysis, Result & Conclusion.

8. PROJECT OBJECTIVES
 Utilize the solar energy for heating the thermic
fluid.
 Reduce the fuel consumption to increase the
temperature of thermic fluid.
 Validate the Performance Analysis Methodology for
PDSC to optimize the efficiency of PDSC.
 Protecting Environment by use of environment-
friendly technology.

9. METHODOLOGY
Experiments on performance analysis, along with
the following tasks on the exergy analysis:
• Literature Study : Study of related literature on
performance of solar parabolic dish
concentrators & exergy analysis of various
systems.
• Study of performance analysis : Study of
research papers and report done by previous
batch.
• Experiment on performance analysis : Prediction
of performance calculations done / going on.
Actual performance data awaited.

10. METHODOLOGY(CONTD.)
• Study of exergy analysis : Study the various
research paper of development of methodology
for exergy analysis of solar parabolic dish
concentrators.
• Development of methodology for exergy
analysis : Select the optimum method for exergy
analysis.

11. WORK PROGRESS
• Published review paper in IOSR.
• Prepared Excel sheet for performing exergy
analysis.
• Collecting experimental data from industry
and analyzing it.
• Calculate the theoretical efficiency and actual
efficiency of exergy of PDSC system.
• Minimize the difference between both
efficiency and optimize the performance.

12. LITERATURE STUDY
• Review paper by Prof. Vanita Thakkar, (June-2013)
‘Status of Parabolic Dish Solar Concentrators’,
Vadodara, India.
• Review the previous batch report and Study the
performance analysis of PDSC and get
experimental data.
• Study of various patents related to exergy
analysis of PDSC and collected information about
exergy analysis.
• Review thesis of exergy by P. I. Moynihan(NASA)
and study basics of exergy.

13. LITERATURE STUDY(CONTI…)
• Study Exergetic Analysis and Optimisation of a
Parabolic Dish Collector for Low Power
Application by Lloyd C. Ngo and developed
model of exergy analysis.
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PAPER:
“Performance analysis methodology for PDSC
system” in IOSR journal.
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-
jmce/pages/12(1)Version-2.html

14. Vanita Thakkar <vanitaa.thakkar@gmail.com>Sat, Mar 21, 2015 at 5:47 PMTo: Akshay Rana
<mechakshay55@gmail.com>, Ankush Doshi <adidas85acb@gmail.com>
From: IOSR JMCE <iosrjmce@gmail.com>
Date: Saturday, March 21, 2015
Subject: IOSR Journals: ANED-DDL (Digital Data link) Number.
To: Vanita Thakkar <vanitaa.thakkar@gmail.com>
Dear Author,
Your paper has been indexed successfully in ANED (American National Engineering Database).
Your article ANED-DDL (Digital Data link) number is 13.1864/iosr-Jmce-N01212101114
Please visit website www.aned.us
About ANED: American National Engineering Database is authorised collection of engineering &
technology online Series, Serials, Conferences, Seminars, Special talks, journal's papers, Short
Communications, Case Studied, Research notes, approved by ANED body. IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is among very few Journals which are selected by
ANED governing board.
Thanks and Welcome!!!
EMAIL FROM ANED

16. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ACTUAL
DATA
Sr no. Date Time DNI(W/m^2) Efficiency of
receiver
1. 24th March 10:20 753.6 64.7
2. 24th March 10:41 785 65.2
3. 24th March 11:25 805 66.30
4. 24th March 12:00 814.5 66.41
5. 24th March 12:45 808.9 66.45
6. 24th March 13:30 799 66.48
7. 24th March 15:00 705.8 66.39

17. 63.5
64
64.5
65
65.5
66
66.5
67
10:20 10:41 11:25 12:00 12:45 01:30 03:00
EFFICIENCY
EFFICIENCY

18. STEPS FOR CALCULATING EFFICIENCY :
THERMAL ANALYSIS OF PDSC :
• Collector thermal efficiency :
ƞc= Qu/Qs
• The optical efficiency ƞo:
ƞo= Λρταγcosθ
ƞo= Λρταγ
• The total heat loss rate Ql :
Ql = Qlr + Qlc + Qlk.
• The expected efficiency of the concentrator system :
Ƞexpected = Qr – (Qcond +Qconv + Qrad ) / Qs
• The actual efficiency of the concentrator system :
Quseful = m Cp (Tout – Tin)
Ƞactual = Quseful / Qs

19. EXERGY ANALYSIS CALCULATION
EXERGY ANALYSIS OF PDSC:
• Exergy balance equation:
∑ Ein - ∑Eout - ∑Eloss - ∑Echange- ∑Edest =0
• The exergy accompanying an incompressible fluid flow :
Ein,f= mCp(Tin-Ta-Taln(Tin/Ta))+m(∆p/)
• The outlet exergy rate includes only the exergy rate of the outlet
fluid flow:
Ef,out= mCp(Tout-Ta-Taln(Tout/Ta))+m(∆p/)
• the exergy that is accumulated by fluid flow through the receiver
and is expressed as:
∑Egain =∑Ef,out -∑Ein,f
• Using Petela’s approach of defining the exergy of solar radiation,
the exact exergy solar radiation :
Ein,r= IbȠpAa

20. EXERGY ANALYSIS
CALCULATION(CONTI….)
• The exergy efficiency is the ratio of the gain exergy to solar
radiation exergy expressed as:
ȠE=Egain/Ein,r
OR
ȠE=1-(∑Eloss-∑Echange-∑Edes)/Ein,r
exergy leakage rate out to the surroundings due to optical
errors and heat transfer to ambient in a solar receiver:
∑Eloss=∑El,opt - ∑El,th
optical exergy rate :
∑El,opt=(1–Ƞo)IbȠpAa
Thermal exergy loss:
∑El,th=UlAr(Tr-Ta)2/Tr

21. EXERGY ANALYSIS
CALCULATION(CONTI…)
• Under steady state conditions, ∑Echange = 0
• Exergy destruction is caused by irreversibilities in the
system and there are two ways of exergy destruction in
solar collectors:
The exergy destruction due to pressure drop :
Edes,∆p=Ta(m∆p/)((ln(Tour/Tin))/(Tout–Tin))
The exergy destruction due to heat absorption:
Edes,abs=ȠoIbAaTa((1/Tr)-(1/Ts))
The exergy destroyed due to heat transfer by conduction :
Edes,cond=mCpTa(ln(Tout/Tin)–(Tout–Tin)Tr)

22. • The exergy efficiency :

24. CONCLUSION
• The methodology for performance analysis of
PDSC considers the computation of the
thermal efficiency of the system. Various
losses are also computed and the extent of
unaccounted losses is determined.
• A comparison of the expected and actual
performance is done and analysis of the
difference is carried out to rule out avoidable
losses, leading to lowering of the performance
of the system.

25. CONCLUSION(CONTI….)
• Exergy Model has been developed
• Exergy Analysis Experimentation, along with
Performance Analysis Experimentation is
going on.

26. REFERENCES
• Vanita Thakkar, (June-2013) ‘Status of Parabolic Dish
Solar Concentrators’, International Journal of Enhanced
Research in Science, Technology and Engineering
(IJERSTE), ISSN: 2319-7463, June-2013, Vol. 2, Issue 6, pp.
42-49.
• Project Report on “PERFORMANCE MONITORING OF
MNRE SPONSORED PARABOLIC DISH TYPE SOLAR
CONCENTRATORS AT UNIVERSAL MEDICAP LIMITED,
SAVLI, VADODARA” by Meet Vekaria, Rahul Solanki,
Mehul Marvania and Rakesh Ladumor of BIT, Varnama,
Vadodara (for partial fulfillment for the award of the
degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING in MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING) under the guidance of Prof. Vanita
Thakkar

27. REFERENCE (CONTD.)
• Papers from Workshop on “Use of Solar Technologies for
Process Heating and Cooling Applications in Indian Industries”,
organized by INDIAN CHEMICAL COUNCIL (ICC) at Vadodara
on 27-09-2014, viz.,
• HEPBASLI, A., 2008. A key review on” exergetic analysis and
assessment of renewable energy resources “for a sustainable
future. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12(3), pp.
593-661.
• TYAGI, S.K., WANG, S., SINGHAL, M.K., KAUSHIK, S.C. and
PARK, S.R., 2007.” Exergy analysis and parametric study of
concentrating type solar collectors” International Journal of
Thermal Sciences, 46(12), pp. 1304-1310.

28. THANK YOU