The ports in Holland can be divided into those located in the Rhine-Meuse delta region and those along the Dutch coast. Dordrecht was historically the main port in the delta region due to its location along important trade routes, while Amsterdam became an important north-south trading center due its harbor and inland connections. Rotterdam surpassed Dordrecht over time due to its access to sea trade. The ports specialized in different cargo types, with some focusing on river trade and others on sea trade. The Port of Amsterdam is a major economic driver, handling over 85 million tons annually across various cargo terminals that are well connected to other transport modes. The Port of Rotterdam is the largest in Europe, with over 430 million
This document discusses ports and their components. It defines a port as a maritime facility where ships can dock to load and discharge cargo and passengers. The key requirements for an ideal port are sufficient water depth, secure anchorage, protection from waves, and entrance width. Ports have departments that handle safety, mooring, cargo handling, storage, and information flow. The major types of ports are inland ports, fishing ports, dry ports, warm water ports, and seaports. Ports consist of major structural components like docks, loading/unloading equipment, and connections to land transportation.
Sea transportation has evolved significantly over centuries to serve growing global trade. Ancient times saw early coastal shipping while the 17th-18th centuries expanded routes. The 19th century saw further growth with new companies and infrastructure like the Suez Canal. Modern times brought industrialization, making sea transport vital for raw materials. Today, various ship types optimize different cargo with container ships, tankers and bulk carriers dominating. Key routes include transpacific, Europe-Asia, and oil routes through strategic chokepoints. Overall, sea transport remains the backbone of global commerce.
The document provides information about the Bangkok Port located in Thailand. It discusses the history, facilities, operations, and future development plans of the port. The key points are:
1. Bangkok Port is an international port located on the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. It handles containers and conventional cargo.
2. The port consists of facilities like empty container yards, cargo storage areas, reefer bays, terminals, and offices. It has detailed plans for the west quay and east quay terminals.
3. The document outlines the various operations at the port like vessel handling, cargo loading/unloading, storage, and delivery. It provides the container capacity and equipment used.
This document provides an overview of ports and their history and functions. It discusses how ports have existed since ancient civilizations like Guangzhou in 221-206 BC and Canopus in Egypt. Modern ports discussed include the Port of New York Authority established in 1921. The document defines ports as places for transferring cargo and passengers between water and land, and outlines their importance for facilitating 90% of world trade. It also describes types of ports like seaports, inland ports, and warm ports, as well as their uses for trade, industry, fishing, tourism, or military purposes. Refuge ports are mentioned as places for ships in distress. The key differences between ports and terminals are also summarized.
The document discusses the ports of Abu Dhabi, including Khalifa Port, Zayed Port, Musaffah Port, and 5 western region ports in Al-Gharbia. It provides details on the location and operations of each port, describing Khalifa Port as the first semi-automated container port in the region, and noting that Zayed Port was the original commercial port of Abu Dhabi established in 1968. The ports support trade, industry, and local communities across Abu Dhabi.
Ports of Genoa: the Southern Gateway to EuropePorts of Genoa
I porti di Genova, Savona e Vado - riuniti nel nome Ports of Genoa - compongono il più importante polo portuale italiano in termini di volumi movimentati, diversificazione produttiva e valore economico, capolinea nel Mediterraneo del corridoio-Rhine Alpine: la porta di accesso da Sud all’Europa.
The port of Antwerp owes its existence and success to its location on the Scheldt river, which allows large sea-going vessels to access the port. It is now the second largest port in Europe and among the top ports globally for container traffic. The port authority manages infrastructure like docks, cranes and dredgers across the left and right banks, and aims to maximize economic value for the city while strengthening competitive position through high-quality services and infrastructure development. Key facts highlighted include its central European location, excellent multi-modal transport connections, role in distribution and industry, and status as a major economic driver for Belgium.
This document provides throughput data and development plans for several major ports in China. It reports that in 2008, Shanghai Port had the second highest container throughput in the world at 28 million TEUs, while nearby ports like Ningbo-Zhoushan, Suzhou and Lianyungang also saw increases in cargo volume. Many of the ports have ambitious plans to expand container handling capacity and develop new port areas through 2020, investing billions in new berths and terminals to accommodate larger ships and increasing trade volumes.
This document discusses ports and their components. It defines a port as a maritime facility where ships can dock to load and discharge cargo and passengers. The key requirements for an ideal port are sufficient water depth, secure anchorage, protection from waves, and entrance width. Ports have departments that handle safety, mooring, cargo handling, storage, and information flow. The major types of ports are inland ports, fishing ports, dry ports, warm water ports, and seaports. Ports consist of major structural components like docks, loading/unloading equipment, and connections to land transportation.
Sea transportation has evolved significantly over centuries to serve growing global trade. Ancient times saw early coastal shipping while the 17th-18th centuries expanded routes. The 19th century saw further growth with new companies and infrastructure like the Suez Canal. Modern times brought industrialization, making sea transport vital for raw materials. Today, various ship types optimize different cargo with container ships, tankers and bulk carriers dominating. Key routes include transpacific, Europe-Asia, and oil routes through strategic chokepoints. Overall, sea transport remains the backbone of global commerce.
The document provides information about the Bangkok Port located in Thailand. It discusses the history, facilities, operations, and future development plans of the port. The key points are:
1. Bangkok Port is an international port located on the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. It handles containers and conventional cargo.
2. The port consists of facilities like empty container yards, cargo storage areas, reefer bays, terminals, and offices. It has detailed plans for the west quay and east quay terminals.
3. The document outlines the various operations at the port like vessel handling, cargo loading/unloading, storage, and delivery. It provides the container capacity and equipment used.
This document provides an overview of ports and their history and functions. It discusses how ports have existed since ancient civilizations like Guangzhou in 221-206 BC and Canopus in Egypt. Modern ports discussed include the Port of New York Authority established in 1921. The document defines ports as places for transferring cargo and passengers between water and land, and outlines their importance for facilitating 90% of world trade. It also describes types of ports like seaports, inland ports, and warm ports, as well as their uses for trade, industry, fishing, tourism, or military purposes. Refuge ports are mentioned as places for ships in distress. The key differences between ports and terminals are also summarized.
The document discusses the ports of Abu Dhabi, including Khalifa Port, Zayed Port, Musaffah Port, and 5 western region ports in Al-Gharbia. It provides details on the location and operations of each port, describing Khalifa Port as the first semi-automated container port in the region, and noting that Zayed Port was the original commercial port of Abu Dhabi established in 1968. The ports support trade, industry, and local communities across Abu Dhabi.
Ports of Genoa: the Southern Gateway to EuropePorts of Genoa
I porti di Genova, Savona e Vado - riuniti nel nome Ports of Genoa - compongono il più importante polo portuale italiano in termini di volumi movimentati, diversificazione produttiva e valore economico, capolinea nel Mediterraneo del corridoio-Rhine Alpine: la porta di accesso da Sud all’Europa.
The port of Antwerp owes its existence and success to its location on the Scheldt river, which allows large sea-going vessels to access the port. It is now the second largest port in Europe and among the top ports globally for container traffic. The port authority manages infrastructure like docks, cranes and dredgers across the left and right banks, and aims to maximize economic value for the city while strengthening competitive position through high-quality services and infrastructure development. Key facts highlighted include its central European location, excellent multi-modal transport connections, role in distribution and industry, and status as a major economic driver for Belgium.
This document provides throughput data and development plans for several major ports in China. It reports that in 2008, Shanghai Port had the second highest container throughput in the world at 28 million TEUs, while nearby ports like Ningbo-Zhoushan, Suzhou and Lianyungang also saw increases in cargo volume. Many of the ports have ambitious plans to expand container handling capacity and develop new port areas through 2020, investing billions in new berths and terminals to accommodate larger ships and increasing trade volumes.
The history of the Port of Constanta dates back to the 6th century BC when the area was first inhabited. As the ancient fortress of Tomis, it was given city status by Rome in the 1st century AD and later renamed Constanta in honor of Emperor Constantine I. After being invaded by barbarians during the Byzantine-Roman period, Genoese merchants remained active in the port. After becoming part of the Ottoman Empire, the port saw modest trade activity that contributed to regional development. After Romania gained independence in 1877, initiatives were undertaken to develop the port and take advantage of its strategic location, with the goal of making it one of the most important in the Orient.
The Khasab Harbour Project in Oman is a $100 million project by Galfar Construction to expand the existing harbour. The project involves building 1.5 km of breakwaters, 500m of quay walls, dredging 350,000 cubic meters of material and reclaiming 750,000 cubic meters of land. The expansion will develop marine activities like increasing the size of the breakwater and building a second breakwater, dredging canals, and constructing docks. It will also develop basic infrastructure like buildings for departures, administration, and storage. The new harbour will serve commercial, tourist and fishing purposes and boost the local economy by creating jobs and improving transportation and tourism.
Brief Account of Cargo Handling Facilities.cargo handling service is being amended so as to include services of packing together with transportation of cargo or goods, with or without one or more other services like loading, unloading, unpacking, under cargo handling service.
MAG owns and operates three of the top four cargo airports in the UK - London Stansted, Manchester, and East Midlands airports. Together they transport over £25 billion worth of cargo annually, totaling over 670,000 tonnes. MAG provides cargo services through dedicated freighter operators and major airlines at its four airports: London Stansted, Manchester, East Midlands, and Bournemouth. East Midlands is the largest pure cargo airport in the UK, handling over 320,000 tonnes annually, while London Stansted is the premier freighter airport for London. MAG aims to offer flexible cargo solutions and rapid market access to its customers.
A bulk carrier, bulk freighter, or bulker is a merchant ship specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo, such as grains, coal, ore, and cement in its cargo holds.
Today's bulkers are specially designed to maximize capacity, safety, efficiency, and durability.
Today, bulkers make up 15% - 17% of the world's merchant fleets and range in size from single-hold mini-bulkers to mammoth ore ships able to carry 400,000 metric tons of deadweight (DWT).
This document summarizes the keynote speech given by the President of the Hellenic Confederation of Commerce and Entrepreneurship at the X-th Annual Business Partnership Matchmaking Forum on fostering business cooperation between Europe and Russia. The speech highlights Greece and Russia's long history of friendship and cooperation dating back over 200 years. It then outlines several major investment opportunities in Greece across key sectors like logistics, tourism, energy, ICT, life sciences, and food/agriculture to encourage Russian entrepreneurs to invest in Greece's economic rebirth following its financial crisis. Specific opportunities mentioned include ports/airports, renewable energy projects, data centers, pharmaceutical R&D, organic farming, and food packaging/export
The Indian shipping industry plays an important role in India's economy as 90% of its international trade is conducted by sea. India has over 1000 ships engaged in coastal and overseas trade. The top shipping companies control 70% of total tonnage, while many smaller companies have just 1-2 ships. India has a long coastline and over 200 ports, with Mumbai being the largest handling 50% of exports. Major reforms are underway to modernize India's shipping industry and ports to better support the country's trade and economic growth.
The document discusses different types of ships, including container ships, bulk carriers, tankers, roll-on roll-off ships, passenger ships, offshore vessels, fishing vessels, specialty vessels, high-speed crafts, and dredgers. Container ships transport cargo in containers of various standardized sizes. Bulk carriers transport unpackaged dry cargo like grains, ores, and coal. Tankers transport liquid cargo like crude oil, liquefied gas, and chemicals in bulk.
Bulk carriers are cargo ships designed to transport unpackaged bulk goods like grains, coal, ore, and cement in their cargo holds. They range in size from small mini-bulkers to very large ore ships that can carry over 400,000 metric tons. Bulk carriers are specially designed to maximize cargo capacity, efficiency, and durability while transporting dense or hazardous cargo. Precise loading and unloading procedures are required due to risks of cargo shifting. Modern ports use fast conveyor belts or cranes to load and unload bulk carriers, while older ports still rely on manual labor.
It is designed to give an overall understanding of the elements of Passenger Shipping to include information on the evolution/history of passenger shipping, the logistics of passenger shipping, the intermodal linkages of passenger shipping as well as the marketing of passenger shipping.
Ports are critical infrastructure that support national and regional economies by facilitating international trade and commerce. The largest port is the Port of Shanghai, which handled over 744 million tons of cargo in 2012. Other major Indian ports discussed include Mumbai, the largest and deepest natural harbor in India; Kolkata-Haldia, located on the Hugli River and important for exporting jute and tea; Chennai, the oldest artificial harbor on India's east coast; and Vishakhapatnam, a landlocked port that exports iron ore. Ports require significant investments and resources to develop and maintain their civil engineering structures and operations that allow for ship berthing, cargo transfer, customs control, and other functions crucial for trade.
Port arrastre, logistics and traffic managementGene Almelia
The document provides information on the origin and development of ports including:
1) Ports originated as natural shelters for ships and have since developed facilities for cargo transfer between ship and shore.
2) Ship sizes increased rapidly from the 1950s onward, requiring ports to adapt through deeper waters and larger berths.
3) The rise of containerization and larger ships led to hub-and-spoke systems where large "center ports" connect to smaller feeder ports.
4) Port development is ongoing to meet changing ship and cargo transport needs through new facilities, equipment, locations, and operational changes.
Dubai Port World presentation by Jose Carlos Garcia in the Mediterranean Port...ASCAME
The Mediterranean Ports Summit is organised by the Association of Mediterranean Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASCAME), the Consorci de la Zona Franca de Barcelona with the collaboration of Barcelona Chamber in the framework of SIL2015.
The Mediterranean Port Summit 2015 is the largest annual Ports and Shipping conferences throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. This event in Barcelona is the gathering of maritime industry leaders. The program features many top industry professionals sharing their perspectives on port investments and terminal developments around the region, providing invaluable insights into the numerous opportunities in this sector of Commerce.
The Mediterranean Ports and Shipping Summit focused on key concepts such as institutional and fiscal reforms; the construction, extension and modernization of port platforms; the search for management and collaboration systems; the promotion of alliances to strengthen the position of world leadership; Mediterranean Ports a Gateway to Europe, Asia and Africa; the Port, City and Cruise Tourism, as well as the response of Mediterranean ports to the challenges brought by 800 million people.
India's Biggest Ports and Terminals For Shipping.pdfAnneSaad
Aport is a location where ships may be loaded and unloaded more easily. It is a point of convergence between areas of freight circulation, technically speaking. Ports serve as the catalysts for a region's social and economic development by facilitating trade and acting as a center for community activities.
The Port of Odessa is located in Ukraine on the Black Sea. It handles over 31 million tons of cargo annually and has 46 berths. Its main cargoes include crude oil, petroleum, vegetable oils, containers, bulk raw sugar, and grains. The port can handle over 21 million tons of dry cargo and 25 million tons of liquid cargo annually and has a container terminal capable of handling over 900,000 TEU per year.
The document provides an overview of the Port of Rotterdam, including its history, current operations, and future plans. It discusses how the port has expanded over time from a fishing village to become one of the largest ports in Europe. It also highlights key aspects of the modern port such as its container terminals, oil and chemical facilities, and security measures. The presentation aims to inform audiences and leave them with a lasting impression of the port.
Herøy is one of Norway's largest fisheries and offshore municipalities, located on over 200 islands along the coast. It has a population of around 8,600 people and was named Norway's best industry town in 2008 and 2010. Historically, Herøy relied on fisheries, particularly cod and herring, though in recent decades offshore industries like supply vessels have become increasingly important. Now home to large companies like Havila Shipping, the world's largest supplier of offshore vessels, and Marine Harvest, the world's largest salmon farming firm, Herøy continues to thrive based on the ocean industries.
The Gdansk shipyard located in Poland was the birthplace of the Solidarity trade union movement and produced over 1000 ships, but has since faced financial difficulties. A monument commemorates victims of protests in 1970. The port of Gdansk is a major transportation hub situated on the Baltic coast playing a key role in European trade routes.
Estonia morze jako_droga_wodna_2003ll-editmarcella5
The document summarizes information about travel and transportation along the Polish coast and Baltic Sea, including:
- The Polish coast is a popular tourist destination from May to August for its sunny weather and attractions like sailing and windsurfing. Water trams and ships provide tours of coastal areas and peninsulas.
- The Baltic Sea is approximately 1600km long, 193km wide on average, and up to 55m deep, with over 8000km of coastline. It is crossed by several ferry lines transporting passengers and vehicles between countries like Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, and Estonia.
- Common forms of water transportation mentioned include ferries, sailing ships, and trade ships that operate on regular routes or
The history of the Port of Constanta dates back to the 6th century BC when the area was first inhabited. As the ancient fortress of Tomis, it was given city status by Rome in the 1st century AD and later renamed Constanta in honor of Emperor Constantine I. After being invaded by barbarians during the Byzantine-Roman period, Genoese merchants remained active in the port. After becoming part of the Ottoman Empire, the port saw modest trade activity that contributed to regional development. After Romania gained independence in 1877, initiatives were undertaken to develop the port and take advantage of its strategic location, with the goal of making it one of the most important in the Orient.
The Khasab Harbour Project in Oman is a $100 million project by Galfar Construction to expand the existing harbour. The project involves building 1.5 km of breakwaters, 500m of quay walls, dredging 350,000 cubic meters of material and reclaiming 750,000 cubic meters of land. The expansion will develop marine activities like increasing the size of the breakwater and building a second breakwater, dredging canals, and constructing docks. It will also develop basic infrastructure like buildings for departures, administration, and storage. The new harbour will serve commercial, tourist and fishing purposes and boost the local economy by creating jobs and improving transportation and tourism.
Brief Account of Cargo Handling Facilities.cargo handling service is being amended so as to include services of packing together with transportation of cargo or goods, with or without one or more other services like loading, unloading, unpacking, under cargo handling service.
MAG owns and operates three of the top four cargo airports in the UK - London Stansted, Manchester, and East Midlands airports. Together they transport over £25 billion worth of cargo annually, totaling over 670,000 tonnes. MAG provides cargo services through dedicated freighter operators and major airlines at its four airports: London Stansted, Manchester, East Midlands, and Bournemouth. East Midlands is the largest pure cargo airport in the UK, handling over 320,000 tonnes annually, while London Stansted is the premier freighter airport for London. MAG aims to offer flexible cargo solutions and rapid market access to its customers.
A bulk carrier, bulk freighter, or bulker is a merchant ship specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo, such as grains, coal, ore, and cement in its cargo holds.
Today's bulkers are specially designed to maximize capacity, safety, efficiency, and durability.
Today, bulkers make up 15% - 17% of the world's merchant fleets and range in size from single-hold mini-bulkers to mammoth ore ships able to carry 400,000 metric tons of deadweight (DWT).
This document summarizes the keynote speech given by the President of the Hellenic Confederation of Commerce and Entrepreneurship at the X-th Annual Business Partnership Matchmaking Forum on fostering business cooperation between Europe and Russia. The speech highlights Greece and Russia's long history of friendship and cooperation dating back over 200 years. It then outlines several major investment opportunities in Greece across key sectors like logistics, tourism, energy, ICT, life sciences, and food/agriculture to encourage Russian entrepreneurs to invest in Greece's economic rebirth following its financial crisis. Specific opportunities mentioned include ports/airports, renewable energy projects, data centers, pharmaceutical R&D, organic farming, and food packaging/export
The Indian shipping industry plays an important role in India's economy as 90% of its international trade is conducted by sea. India has over 1000 ships engaged in coastal and overseas trade. The top shipping companies control 70% of total tonnage, while many smaller companies have just 1-2 ships. India has a long coastline and over 200 ports, with Mumbai being the largest handling 50% of exports. Major reforms are underway to modernize India's shipping industry and ports to better support the country's trade and economic growth.
The document discusses different types of ships, including container ships, bulk carriers, tankers, roll-on roll-off ships, passenger ships, offshore vessels, fishing vessels, specialty vessels, high-speed crafts, and dredgers. Container ships transport cargo in containers of various standardized sizes. Bulk carriers transport unpackaged dry cargo like grains, ores, and coal. Tankers transport liquid cargo like crude oil, liquefied gas, and chemicals in bulk.
Bulk carriers are cargo ships designed to transport unpackaged bulk goods like grains, coal, ore, and cement in their cargo holds. They range in size from small mini-bulkers to very large ore ships that can carry over 400,000 metric tons. Bulk carriers are specially designed to maximize cargo capacity, efficiency, and durability while transporting dense or hazardous cargo. Precise loading and unloading procedures are required due to risks of cargo shifting. Modern ports use fast conveyor belts or cranes to load and unload bulk carriers, while older ports still rely on manual labor.
It is designed to give an overall understanding of the elements of Passenger Shipping to include information on the evolution/history of passenger shipping, the logistics of passenger shipping, the intermodal linkages of passenger shipping as well as the marketing of passenger shipping.
Ports are critical infrastructure that support national and regional economies by facilitating international trade and commerce. The largest port is the Port of Shanghai, which handled over 744 million tons of cargo in 2012. Other major Indian ports discussed include Mumbai, the largest and deepest natural harbor in India; Kolkata-Haldia, located on the Hugli River and important for exporting jute and tea; Chennai, the oldest artificial harbor on India's east coast; and Vishakhapatnam, a landlocked port that exports iron ore. Ports require significant investments and resources to develop and maintain their civil engineering structures and operations that allow for ship berthing, cargo transfer, customs control, and other functions crucial for trade.
Port arrastre, logistics and traffic managementGene Almelia
The document provides information on the origin and development of ports including:
1) Ports originated as natural shelters for ships and have since developed facilities for cargo transfer between ship and shore.
2) Ship sizes increased rapidly from the 1950s onward, requiring ports to adapt through deeper waters and larger berths.
3) The rise of containerization and larger ships led to hub-and-spoke systems where large "center ports" connect to smaller feeder ports.
4) Port development is ongoing to meet changing ship and cargo transport needs through new facilities, equipment, locations, and operational changes.
Dubai Port World presentation by Jose Carlos Garcia in the Mediterranean Port...ASCAME
The Mediterranean Ports Summit is organised by the Association of Mediterranean Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASCAME), the Consorci de la Zona Franca de Barcelona with the collaboration of Barcelona Chamber in the framework of SIL2015.
The Mediterranean Port Summit 2015 is the largest annual Ports and Shipping conferences throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. This event in Barcelona is the gathering of maritime industry leaders. The program features many top industry professionals sharing their perspectives on port investments and terminal developments around the region, providing invaluable insights into the numerous opportunities in this sector of Commerce.
The Mediterranean Ports and Shipping Summit focused on key concepts such as institutional and fiscal reforms; the construction, extension and modernization of port platforms; the search for management and collaboration systems; the promotion of alliances to strengthen the position of world leadership; Mediterranean Ports a Gateway to Europe, Asia and Africa; the Port, City and Cruise Tourism, as well as the response of Mediterranean ports to the challenges brought by 800 million people.
India's Biggest Ports and Terminals For Shipping.pdfAnneSaad
Aport is a location where ships may be loaded and unloaded more easily. It is a point of convergence between areas of freight circulation, technically speaking. Ports serve as the catalysts for a region's social and economic development by facilitating trade and acting as a center for community activities.
The Port of Odessa is located in Ukraine on the Black Sea. It handles over 31 million tons of cargo annually and has 46 berths. Its main cargoes include crude oil, petroleum, vegetable oils, containers, bulk raw sugar, and grains. The port can handle over 21 million tons of dry cargo and 25 million tons of liquid cargo annually and has a container terminal capable of handling over 900,000 TEU per year.
The document provides an overview of the Port of Rotterdam, including its history, current operations, and future plans. It discusses how the port has expanded over time from a fishing village to become one of the largest ports in Europe. It also highlights key aspects of the modern port such as its container terminals, oil and chemical facilities, and security measures. The presentation aims to inform audiences and leave them with a lasting impression of the port.
Herøy is one of Norway's largest fisheries and offshore municipalities, located on over 200 islands along the coast. It has a population of around 8,600 people and was named Norway's best industry town in 2008 and 2010. Historically, Herøy relied on fisheries, particularly cod and herring, though in recent decades offshore industries like supply vessels have become increasingly important. Now home to large companies like Havila Shipping, the world's largest supplier of offshore vessels, and Marine Harvest, the world's largest salmon farming firm, Herøy continues to thrive based on the ocean industries.
The Gdansk shipyard located in Poland was the birthplace of the Solidarity trade union movement and produced over 1000 ships, but has since faced financial difficulties. A monument commemorates victims of protests in 1970. The port of Gdansk is a major transportation hub situated on the Baltic coast playing a key role in European trade routes.
Estonia morze jako_droga_wodna_2003ll-editmarcella5
The document summarizes information about travel and transportation along the Polish coast and Baltic Sea, including:
- The Polish coast is a popular tourist destination from May to August for its sunny weather and attractions like sailing and windsurfing. Water trams and ships provide tours of coastal areas and peninsulas.
- The Baltic Sea is approximately 1600km long, 193km wide on average, and up to 55m deep, with over 8000km of coastline. It is crossed by several ferry lines transporting passengers and vehicles between countries like Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, and Estonia.
- Common forms of water transportation mentioned include ferries, sailing ships, and trade ships that operate on regular routes or
The document discusses the Port of Sines in Portugal and its role in the Belt and Road Initiative. It summarizes that the Port of Sines has a strategic location along major shipping routes, is a deep-water port capable of handling all types of cargo, and has expansion plans underway. Its proximity to the Sines Industry and Logistics Zone provides opportunities for industrial and logistics development. The port aims to strengthen its role as a hub connecting Europe and Asia through initiatives like direct shipping routes to China and cooperation with Chinese logistics platforms.
The document discusses the Port of Sines in Portugal and its role in the Belt and Road Initiative. It summarizes that the Port of Sines has a strategic location along major shipping routes, is a deep water port capable of handling all types of cargo, and has expansion plans underway including expanding its container terminal and developing a new container terminal. It also describes the adjacent Sines Industry and Logistics Zone which provides land and infrastructure to support port and industrial activities.
This document discusses the key features and importance of sea ports. It outlines that ports are historic commercial hubs that require large investments and provide infrastructure to support national economies. The document describes the evolution of ports from basic cargo facilities to modern integrated hubs. It also outlines different types of ports and approaches to port management, noting the goal of efficiently supporting trade and generating economic benefits.
This document discusses the key features and importance of sea ports. It outlines that ports are historic commercial hubs that require large investments and provide infrastructure to support national economies. The document describes the evolution of ports from basic cargo facilities to modern integrated hubs. It also outlines different types of ports and approaches to port management, noting the goal of efficiently supporting trade and employment.
The document summarizes the history and operations of the Port of Antwerp, which is the largest port in Europe by size and volume. It traces the port's development from the 1200s to present day, highlighting expansion projects and increased volume over time. Key facts are provided on the port's size, infrastructure, ownership structure, and role as a major global container port. Challenges around congestion and security are discussed, along with recommendations to maintain the port's status, such as expanding infrastructure, improving transport efficiency, and keeping technologies up to date.
The Netherlands is a country located in Western Europe, bordering Germany, Belgium and the North Sea. It has a population of over 16 million and its capital and largest city is Amsterdam. The country has a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy system of government. Some of the Netherlands' top tourist attractions include Amsterdam, known for its canals and cultural sites, Rotterdam, home to Europe's busiest port, and The Hague, seat of the Dutch government. The country is also famous for its windmills, tulip fields, and cultural exports like art, architecture and traditional costumes like wooden shoes.
The Port of Hong Kong and KwaiTsing Container Port are two of the busiest ports in the world. The Port of Hong Kong is a deepwater port located in Victoria Harbour that handles large volumes of containers, raw materials, and passengers. KwaiTsing Container Port consists of nine privately operated terminals that handled over 17 million TEUs in 2013, with a total capacity of 21 million TEUs annually. Hong Kong's ports serve as a major shipping hub for Southeast and East Asia due to its strategic location and efficient operations.
In this course, we will take an in depth look at the Tulip Serenade River Cruise, its destinations, excursions, and more. Our goal is to get you better acquainted with our itineraries so you can better inform your client with confidence and familiarity.
Amsterdam | Arnhem | Middelburg | Ghent | Antwerp | Rotterdam | Amsterdam
This presentation is about water transport and coastline of Poland, Portugal, Belgium, France, Norway and The Netherlands and was created as part of the Comenius Project "Water4Europe"
British ports are so large in size and dynamic in their operations that they include all kinds of operations ― from longshore facilities to dry docks and warehouse complexes to passenger and freight terminals. With over a quarter of the population living along the coastline, the UK ports having courier service provider in Uk are major employers from the southeast, the southwest, and outermost regions, furthermore, the diversity involves door to door services Uk as well.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
ports of holland
1. PORTS OF HOLLAND
Recent Events:
From the second half of the sixteenth century the import and export activities of a number of
ports were restored, but the structure of the port system was not changed. As ports like Hoorn
and Enkhuizen had specialized in the import and export of only a few products, intraregional
trade in the area north of the IJ remained of vital importance. This specialization bears some
resemblance to the process of decentralization
In the Rhine-Meuse estuary, Dordrecht was surpassed by Rotterdam, but here too there was a
form of specialization: Dordrecht concentrated on river trade whereas Rotterdam had sea
trade. Although the gateway towns in the delta area could remain reasonably independent of
Amsterdam, it should be emphasized that trade relations of a city like Rotterdam were on the
whole limited to western Europe and especially to England and France.
Unlike Africa and Australia, Holland had, during the Middle Ages and the early modern
period, a great number of waterways. Consequently, according to the standards of the period,
the area was remarkably accessible.
Shipping and port operations is one of the main sources of netherlands in economy. Since
2005, the number of cargo vessels in transportation with the badge engaged of netherlands is
750. The total numbers of the ports in Hollanda are 12, and some ports are grouped under a
single port operation. Rotterdam Port Authority
Amsterdam Port Authority
Groningen Port Authority
Harlingen Port Authority
Del Helder Port Authority
Vlaardingen Port Authority
Moerdijk Port Authority
Dordecht Port Authority
Zeeland Port Authority
Ilmuiden Port Authority
2. Port Authority of Groningen
Groningen Port Authority is in the north of Netherlands, operates the ports of Delfzijl and
Eemshaven.
Port of Delfzijl
Port of Delfzijl is a haven of modern equipment and specializing in particular in the field of
chemistry.there is a 850 metres -long quay port Delfzijl port for loading - unloading activities.
mostly wooden, container, paper, tree trunks, general cargo and China clay are processed in
the port.
Two chemical park in the port of Delfzijl: a metal park, an environmental and energy park,
business center.
Port of Eemshaven
There is a quay length of 1150 meters in the port of Eemshaven. ın the port, the ships mostly
carry roll on / roll off cargo, containers and general cargo .
Eemshaven Port includes bulk cargo park, RoRo park, park in the energy, recycling, parks,
logistics parks.
Port of Harlingen
Port of Harlingen is the property of the Council and is managed by the Harlingen Port
Authority . In the port industry, fisheries, transport and marine are the activities displayed.
In Port of Harlingen the dock is used for the study of loading – unloading, is 1500 meters
long. At the same time, there are special cooling for the refrigerated cargo, storage, and
freezer storage rooms. medium-sized cargo ships which do not wish to form up on a waiting
list to enter the port of Amsterdam and Rotterdam and Heavy traffic, they prefer to enter the
port of Harlingen.
3. Den Helder Port Authority
The Port of Den Helder Is notable with serving in many areas. These are the activities in the
port: industry, fisheries, coast guard, marine, transportation, and a floating museum at the
same time Port of Den Helder has links with European highways and a very modern airport.
Port Authority of Vlaardingen
Port of Vlaardingen is in a position very close to the port of Rotterdam. This port used to be
known as a fish port.Today, in the Vlaardingen port, the products of the companies which
performs in ports are carried out .
Port of Moerdijk
Port of Moerdijk is in the region very close to the Port of Rotterdam as the port of
Vlaardingen. This port serves for different areas of the harbor.
In this port, Oftenly track freight, , container, bulk cargo (glass, wood, construction
materials, sand and pebbles), steel, construction material and scrap are carried out by the
cargoships. Loading-unloading operations are privatized to achieve services of port fast and
efficient way.
The depth of the harbor is 8.9 meters and Total quay length of 5 km.
4. Dordrecht Port Authority
Dordrecht Harbor has been developed between the years 1950 - 1960 After World War II
The depth of the port covering an area of 52 hectares, is 9.45 meters. There is a
bulk cargo which contains Open and closed sections, covers 18,000 m2 area.
Quay length is 290 meters with the Railway connection. Het Mallegat terminal formed for
the cargo and container ships. Het Mallegat terminal linked to the the highway A16 directly.
Zeeland Port Authority
Vlissingen and Terneuzen port authorites are managed by the Zeeland Port Authority. The
depths of the port of Terneuzen and Vlissingen are 12.5 and 16.5 m. meters. loading unloading operations are shown in the each of two port
Last year, the total cargo handled 35 million tons. The ships which carry petroleum and
petroleum products, chemicals, dry and liquid cargo, bulk cargo, fertilizers, metals and
5. minerals, edge to the Ports of Terneuzen and Vlissingen . Last year, totally 2500 ships
benefited from the services of the Port of Terneuzen . Last year, totally 4,600 cargo vessels
benefited from the services of the Port of Vlissingen.
IJmuiden Port Authority
The Port of IJmuiden was created in 1846, after Canal Noordzee completed. The port has a
strong market position due to its favourable geographical location and the commercial clusters
which are present. The sea, the mouth of the North Sea Canal and the presence of four clusters
of activity (fish, offshore, ferry and cruise shipping and shortsea) are the strong points of the
port.
The favourable market position of many companies offers concrete leads for further
expansion and in-depth development of the sectors which are active in the port, namely:
• fresh fish,
• deep-frozen fish,
• cooling and deep-freeze sector,
• off-shore activities,
• ro-ro traffic,
• ferry and cruise shipping
6. The Spatial Development Of A Port System İn Relation To Domestic Trade:
The economic development of Holland during the Late Middle Ages was accompanied by a
gradual differentiation among Dutch ports, a differentiation which became increasingly
discernible during the fifteenth century. Within the region the ports in the the Rhine-Meuse
delta can be distinguished from those on the Dutch Zuyder Zee coast and the IJ. The former
were linked to what had traditionally been the economic centre of the province. Here
Dordrecht was the main port. As it was extremely favourably situated along the trade routes
between the German Rhineland and the valley of the Meuse River on the one hand, and the
provinces of Flanders, Brabant, Holland and the North Sea coastal countries on the other,
Dordrecht merchants succeeded in obtaining their share in the exchange of goods. Dordrecht's
position was strengthened by the fact that the counts of Holland had made the city the centre
of their toll system.
While the ports in the Rhine-Meuse delta acted as intermediaries in the east-west exchange of
goods, the Dutch Zuyder Zee ports played a role in the north-south exchange. Here
Amsterdam in particular became an important centre. Not only was this town equipped with a
suitably deep harbour in the IJ, it also had excellent connections with a relatively large
hinterland. From Amsterdam the area north of the IJ was easily accessible via inland
waterways, just as were the industrial centres in the southern part of Holland, the Zeeland
delta and the densely populated and highly developed provinces of Flanders and Brabant.
During the course of the fifteenth century Amsterdam became the main intermediary for the
exchange of goods between these areas and northern and northeastern Europe. This
Intermediary function was partly of a passive nature as long as the town acted only as a port
of transshipment for goods shipped by freighters not based in Amsterdam. It became active in
nature due to the commercial activities of Amsterdam merchants who developed a trade
interest in the Baltic area. It is therefore not surprising that Amsterdam played a leading role
in the trade conflicts with the Hanseatic towns.
7. The Port Of Amsterdam
Amsterdam Port Authority, tasked to operate the port by the Municipality of Amsterdam. Port
of Amsterdam harbor area which covers 1900 hectares and 600 hectares of water area, has
been operating. In Amsterdam totally 38,000 people are employed in the port of Amsterdam.
Port of Amsterdam, the annual handling capacity of 85 million tons. Types of cargo handled
at the port : dry cargo, liquid cargo, container, piece goods and food products. Amsterdam
Port terminals have formed the specific hardware. These terminals are specialized in the
following areas:
• types of moisture-sensitive cargo terminal
• Container terminal
• Bulk cargo terminal
• Food products terminal
• Roll on / roll off terminal
• Cruise terminal
9. Afrikahaven
Construction of the Afrikahaven was completed in 2001 to address the challenge of space
shortage in the port.
Westhaven
There are a large number of transhipment companies for bulk, general cargo and containers in
the Westhaven area. The port's biggest transhipment company is also located in the
Westhaven.
10. Americahaven
The Amerika harbour is a multipurpose port for oil, coal and edible oils. The area between the
Australië harbour and Azië harbour was specifically designed for the transhipment and
processing of building materials.
Petroleum, Coen and Mercurius Harbour
Oil harbour regulations apply in the entire Petroleum harbour. The company Main is located
on the peninsula and processes bilge water and waste oil for companies in the port area. There
are no public moorings in this area. Container transhipment takes place to the north of the
Petroleum harbour in the side canal H.
A large part of the Coen harbour (harbour basin A and the north-west side of the harbour) is
leased and does not contain any public moorings. Harbour basin C does have public
moorings.
Various kinds of goods such as wood, cocoa, food, and fertiliser are transhipped in the
Mercurius and Vlot harbour area. Coastal shipping and inland-shipping waiting berths are
located in the Minerva harbour. The southern end of the Mercurius harbour also has a standby berth for inland shipping.
The entrance to the Nieuwe Hout harbour is located directly after the mouth of the Mercurius
harbour.
11. van Riebeeckhaven
The Nuon electricity generating plant is on the southern bank at the end of the Jan van
Riebeeck harbour. There are also a number of berthing possibilities located here. At
the southern end of the Usselincx harbour is a stand-by quay for vessels carrying dangerous
goods. The Aden harbour has a car drop-off point designated for tankers.
De Ruijterkade and Oostelijke Handelskade
The berths in this area are mainly used for passenger shipping. A reservationregulation
applies to the entire area.
12. Oostelijk Havengebied
This area forms the approach to the IJsselmeer and the entrance to the Amsterdam Rhine
Canal via the Oranje locks. Moorings are located here for inland shipping vessels.
,
Intermodal Connections
Inland Shipping
Over one third of all goods transport to and from Amsterdam seaports takes place through
inland shipping. The port of Amsterdam is close to the Rhine. In this way, both industrial and
consumer markets in the Netherlands, Germany, Austria and Switzerland can be served
quickly and efficiently.
Short Sea
Environmentally friendly Short Sea or coastal navigation is becoming more and more popular.
One third of the total transhipment of the Port of Amsterdam is transported from Amsterdam
to the rest of Europe by Short Sea.
Deep Sea
Deep Sea is the name for intercontinental shipping. Sea-going vessels can make good use of
Amsterdam. The port is tideless with a very short transit time from pilot station on the coast
through the canal to the mooring, including lock passage, typically less than three hours for a
large vessel. This access time is thus substantially shorter than in the case of a number of
other seaports in northwest Europe. The terminals are safely accessible to ships with a draught
of up to 13.7 metres.
Air
Some 240 international destinations are currently served by 'International Amsterdam Airport'
Schiphol - one of the four largest airports in Europe for goods and persons transport. Schiphol
is twenty minutes drive from the Port of Amsterdam and with the arrival of the 'Westrandweg'
in 2012, this connection will be even better. The airport can also be reached in fifteen minutes
by public transport form the city centre.
13. Road
The Port of Amsterdam is situated right on the A10 and A9 motorways, in turn directly
connected to the international network of Europe.
Railway
The port of Amsterdam is well served with rail connections. Because of this, Europe as a
whole is very accessible. The port has its own marshalling yards and connections to main
lines.
The Port of Rotterdam
Rotterdam is one of the main ports and the largest logisc and industrial hubs of Europe. With
an annual throughput of 430 million tons of cargo in 2010, Rotterdam is by far the largest
seaport of Europe. The port is the gateway to an European market of more than 350 million
consumers.
Rotterdam has an excellent geographic position which has the accessibility via the sea, the
hinterland connections and the many companies and organisations, active in the port and
industrial complex. The port stretches out over 40 kilometres and is about 10.500 ha .
14. Hinterland Connections
Rotterdam, the ideal port of entry to the European market
Rotterdam serves a hinterland of more than 150 million consumers living within a radius of
500 kilometres of Rotterdam, and 500 million consumers all over Europe. This is a gigantic
market, representing a combined buying power of $ 600 billion. The European market is
accessible from Rotterdam via five competing modalities: road, rail, inland shipping, coastal
shipping and pipeline. Goods which arrive in Rotterdam in a morning can be in, for example,
Germany, Belgium, France or Great Britain the same afternoon. From Rotterdam, all major
industrial and economic centers in Western Europe can be reached in less than 24 hours.
One of the main advantages of Rotterdam is its location on the estuary of the rivers Rhine and
Maas. As a result, efficient and economical transport by inland vessel is possible deep into the
heart of Europe. The Betuwe Route is the new, 160-kilometre long goods line that links
Rotterdam directly with Germany. Feeder and short-sea ships connect Rotterdam by sea with
more than 200 European ports; often with several departures a day. The short-sea/feeder ship
is forming an increasingly important alternative to goods transport via Europe's busy roads.
Underground, Rotterdam has direct links with the major industrial centres elsewhere in
Northwest Europe. Pipeline is an ideal mode of transport for bulk chemicals, crude oil and oil
products. Despite all this, the truck remains indispensable, particularly when it comes to more
short-distance transport and door-to-door delivery.
Hinterland Of Rotterdam Port
15. Terminals and cargo
Complete port
For every goods flow, several independent terminals offer competitive service for efficient
handling and storage. In and around the port, you can also find countless companies
specialising in every conceivable auxiliary service.
Dry Bulk
Liquid bulk
Containers
Breakbulk
Maritime Services
European Distribution
The map of connections
16. Developments
Maasvlakte: is
the Netherlands.
part
of
the harbour and industrial
area of
the
city of Rotterdam,
Sections:
Bulk Handeling
Container terminals
Distribution centers
Slufter
Power plant
Dutch Customs
Location of the Maasvlakte (green) in the municipality of Rotterdam (purple)
17. Maasvlakte 2: is a major civil engineering project in the Netherlands, constructing a new port
and supporting infrastructure on reclaimed land adjoining the Maasvlakte. Approximately
2000 hectares will be reclaimed, behind a 4 km dike; approximately 1000 hectares will be
used by ports related industries. It is an extension of the port of Rotterdam.Maasvlakte 2 is the
biggest civil engineering project in the Netherlands since the Delta Works.
Aerial View of The Maasvlakte
19. The cycled areas indicates new areas gained by Maasvlakte 2
Why Maasvlakte 2:
The existing port and industrial area is quickly running out of space. It is expected that around
2012 - 2014 there will no longer be any large sites left. Expansion is essential for the port to
continue to meet the rising demand in future and to maintain its leading role. If the port fails
to grow, there is a good chance that shipping companies will pass Rotterdam by in the future.
Construction will start in 2008 so that the first containers can be processed in 2013.
Maasvlakte 2 will be a direct extension of the existing Maasvlakte and will have access to all
its connections with the European hinterland. Maasvlakte 2 will create a new toplocation in
the heart of the European market, with 1,000 hectares of space for deep sea related container
transshipment, distribution and chemical industry. These sectors have a great interest in the
industrial sites on the deep waterways of Maasvlakte 2. Nowhere else in Europe will the
largest ships in the world be able to moor 24 hours a day.
The ports which grew most were those which were accessible by means of railway lines and
roads, the so-called penetration lines.
An external boost, the establishment of settlements along the coast and the creation of an
infrastructure, caused the interior of a country to develop, thus starting a process of selective
growth among the ports.