India has a current population of over 1.22 billion people, making it the second most populous country in the world after China. Approximately 50% of India's population is under 25 years old. The population is growing rapidly, increasing from 350 million in 1947 to over 1 billion in 2001. Several states like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar have populations exceeding 100 million. India is projected to surpass China as the world's most populated nation by 2025, with its population expected to reach 1.66 billion by 2050.