Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to respond differently to the same function call. It is an important feature of object-oriented programming that allows for a base class interface to be used for derived class objects. Polymorphism can be achieved through virtual functions. Early binding, also called static binding, is when the function call is resolved at compile time based on the type of the object. Late binding, or dynamic binding, is when the function call is resolved at runtime based on the actual type of the object. Pure virtual functions can only be declared in a base class and must be defined in derived classes, making the base class abstract.

1. POLYMORPISM
BY
IMTIAZ HUSSAIN
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2. What is Meant By Polymorphism?
 It is a Greek word.
 Poly mean many.
 Morphism mean forms.
 In programing Polymorphism is the ability for objects of different
classes related by inheritance to response differently to the same
function call.
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3. What is Polymorphism in OOP?
 After the inheritance it is another most important feature of OOP.
 In polymorphism, the member functions with same name are define
in base class and also in each derived class.
 Polymorphism is use to keep the interface of base class to its derived
classes.
 Polymorphism can be achieved by mean of virtual functions.
 In polymorphism one pointer to a base class object may also point
any object of its derived class.
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4. How can we access the member
of class?
 The member of a class can be access through pointer to the class.
 General syntax;
 P -> member class;
 P is pointer to object.
 -> is member access operator.
 Member class. It is the member of the object;
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5. Simple program to access member
of class;
 #include<iostream.h>
 #include<conio.h>
 class data
 {
 private:
 char name[12];
 int age;
 public:
 void input(){
 cout<<"Entr your name“;
cin>>name;
 cout<<"Enter your age"; cin>>age;}
 void show()
 {
 cout<<"Your name is "<<name;
 cout<<"Your age is "<<age;
 }
 };
 main()
 {
 data obj,*j;
j=&obj;
j->input();
 j->show();
 getch();
 }
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6. Polymorphism
Early Binding
OR
Static
Binding
OR
Static
Polymorphism
LATE Binding
OR
DYNAMIC
Binding
OR
dynamic
Polymorphism
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7. Early Binding
 The Events That Takes Place At Compile Time Is Called Early Binding.
 Also Called Static Binding.
 Information Required To Call A Function Is Known At Compile Time.
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8. Early Binding Example
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class A
{
public:
void show() {
cout<<"This Is Base Class "<<endl; }
};
class B: public A
{
public:
void show() {
cout<<"This Is First Derived Class "<<endl; }
class C: public A{
public:
void show() {
cout<<"This Is Second Derived Class "<<endl; }
};
void main() {
A *ptr;
B C1;
C C2;
ptr=&C1;
ptr->show();
ptr=&C2;
ptr->show();
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9. Virtual Function
 Special Type Function.
 Can Be Define In Both Derived And Base Class.
 Its Name Will Be Same In Every Class.
 Definition May Be Different.
 In Derived Classes It Will Be Executed Through Pointer Of Its Base
Class.
 It is Declared By Keyword Virtual.
 A Redefined Function Is Said To Override The Base Class Function.
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10. Late Binding
 The Events That Takes Place In Execution Time Is Called Late Binding.
 In Late Binding At The Compile Time Compiler Does Not Know Which
Message Should Compiler Will Respond Because The Type Of Pointer
Is Unknown At Compile Time.
 It Depending Upon The Contents In Pointer During Execution Time Of
Program.
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11. Late Binding Example
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class A
{
public:
virtual void show() {
cout<<"This Is Base Class "<<endl; }
};
class B: public A
{
public:
void show() {
cout<<"This Is First Derived Class "<<endl; }
};
class C: public A{
public:
void show() {
cout<<"This Is Second Derived Class "<<endl; }
};
void main() {
A *ptr;
B C1;
C C2;
ptr=&C1;
ptr->show();
ptr=&C2;
ptr->show();
getch(); }
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12. Pure Virtual Function
 The virtual function that is only declare But Not Define In The In The
Base Class.
 General Syntax:
 virtual function_name()=0;
 The class that contains the pure virtual function exists only to act as
base or parent classes.
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13. Abstract Base Class
 The base class that has one or more pure virtual function is called
the abstract base class.
 These classes designed as a framework or layout for derived classes
 An abstract base class cannot be instantiated
 i.e.
 An object of its type cannot be defined but a pointer to an abstract
base class can be defined.
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14. Concrete Derived Class
 The derived class that does not have any pure virtual function is
called concrete derived class.
 The pure virtual function of the abstract base class is implemented in
the concrete derived class.
 The derived classes usually have their own versions of the virtual
functions
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15. THANKs
Good
Luck
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