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Polymers.pptx
This document discusses polymers used in drug delivery. Polymers are macromolecules made of repeating monomer units. They can be classified based on monomer type, arrangement, structure, properties, source, form, and biodegradability. Copolymers contain two monomers, while homopolymers contain one. Polymers have applications in conventional dosage forms like tablets and liquids, as well as controlled drug delivery systems. Biodegradable polymers break down in response to chemical reactions like hydrolysis. Their degradation can be hydrolytic, enzymatic, and affected by various factors.
Pharmaceutical polymers
Information about Pharmaceutical polymers and their properties used in different sector in a pharmaceutical company.
Polymers
This document provides an overview of polymers including definitions, classifications, properties, and applications. It defines polymers as long chain molecules composed of repeating structural units called monomers. Polymers are classified based on their monomer composition (homopolymers or copolymers) and backbone structure (carbon-chain or heterochain). Key properties discussed are molecular weight, hydrophobicity, solubility, and hydrogels. Finally, applications of polymers are outlined in pharmaceutical products like tablets, liquids, semisolids, as well as tissue regeneration and controlled drug delivery using matrix and swelling controlled release systems.
Pharmaceutical Polymers.pptx
This document discusses polymers and their applications in pharmaceutical preparations. It provides definitions of polymers as long chain molecules assembled from smaller monomers. Polymers can be classified based on origin (natural vs synthetic), biodegradability, reaction mode of polymerization, and interaction with water. Key points:
- Polymers are used extensively in daily life and pharmaceutical preparations, for example in bottles, syringes and drug formulations.
- They are selected based on properties like solubility, biocompatibility and ability to provide drug attachment/release sites.
- Drug release from polymers occurs mainly by diffusion, degradation or swelling followed by diffusion. Reservoir and matrix systems are described.
- Biodegradable polymers break down
03POLYMERS - PG.pptx
This document discusses polymers, which are long chains of organic molecules made by bonding repeating subunits called monomers. Polymers have many applications in pharmaceutical preparations and drug delivery systems. They classify polymers based on their origin (natural, synthetic, semi-synthetic), bio-stability, reaction mode of polymerization, interaction with water, and thermal and structural properties. The document also discusses the properties of polymers, selection criteria for polymers in drug delivery, and their applications in various dosage forms and biomedical uses.
polymers-chapter, classifications, metho
Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating structural units and can be classified based on source, structure, polymerization method, or molecular forces. They are used widely in pharmaceutical applications such as controlled drug delivery systems due to their ability to control drug release through diffusion, degradation, or swelling. Common polymers used include PLGA, PLA, cellulose derivatives, and polyacrylates. They are applied in oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery systems to control and sustain drug release.
Polymers Used in Pharmaceutical Sciences
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERS
MECHANISM OF DRUG RELEASE FROM POLYMER
BIO DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS
SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS
POLYMERS USED IN FORMULATION OF DIFFERENT DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM.
APPLICATION OF POLYMERS
(2) ppt -----polymers-final-3-161225131244.pdf
Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating structural units and can be classified based on source, structure, polymerization method, or molecular forces. They are used widely in pharmaceutical applications such as controlled drug delivery systems due to their ability to control drug release through diffusion, degradation, or swelling. Common polymers used include PLGA, PLA, and chitosan and they can be applied in oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery systems.
Recommended
Polymers.pptx
This document discusses polymers used in drug delivery. Polymers are macromolecules made of repeating monomer units. They can be classified based on monomer type, arrangement, structure, properties, source, form, and biodegradability. Copolymers contain two monomers, while homopolymers contain one. Polymers have applications in conventional dosage forms like tablets and liquids, as well as controlled drug delivery systems. Biodegradable polymers break down in response to chemical reactions like hydrolysis. Their degradation can be hydrolytic, enzymatic, and affected by various factors.
Pharmaceutical polymers
Information about Pharmaceutical polymers and their properties used in different sector in a pharmaceutical company.
Polymers
This document provides an overview of polymers including definitions, classifications, properties, and applications. It defines polymers as long chain molecules composed of repeating structural units called monomers. Polymers are classified based on their monomer composition (homopolymers or copolymers) and backbone structure (carbon-chain or heterochain). Key properties discussed are molecular weight, hydrophobicity, solubility, and hydrogels. Finally, applications of polymers are outlined in pharmaceutical products like tablets, liquids, semisolids, as well as tissue regeneration and controlled drug delivery using matrix and swelling controlled release systems.
Pharmaceutical Polymers.pptx
This document discusses polymers and their applications in pharmaceutical preparations. It provides definitions of polymers as long chain molecules assembled from smaller monomers. Polymers can be classified based on origin (natural vs synthetic), biodegradability, reaction mode of polymerization, and interaction with water. Key points:
- Polymers are used extensively in daily life and pharmaceutical preparations, for example in bottles, syringes and drug formulations.
- They are selected based on properties like solubility, biocompatibility and ability to provide drug attachment/release sites.
- Drug release from polymers occurs mainly by diffusion, degradation or swelling followed by diffusion. Reservoir and matrix systems are described.
- Biodegradable polymers break down
03POLYMERS - PG.pptx
This document discusses polymers, which are long chains of organic molecules made by bonding repeating subunits called monomers. Polymers have many applications in pharmaceutical preparations and drug delivery systems. They classify polymers based on their origin (natural, synthetic, semi-synthetic), bio-stability, reaction mode of polymerization, interaction with water, and thermal and structural properties. The document also discusses the properties of polymers, selection criteria for polymers in drug delivery, and their applications in various dosage forms and biomedical uses.
polymers-chapter, classifications, metho
Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating structural units and can be classified based on source, structure, polymerization method, or molecular forces. They are used widely in pharmaceutical applications such as controlled drug delivery systems due to their ability to control drug release through diffusion, degradation, or swelling. Common polymers used include PLGA, PLA, cellulose derivatives, and polyacrylates. They are applied in oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery systems to control and sustain drug release.
Polymers Used in Pharmaceutical Sciences
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERS
MECHANISM OF DRUG RELEASE FROM POLYMER
BIO DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS
SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS
POLYMERS USED IN FORMULATION OF DIFFERENT DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM.
APPLICATION OF POLYMERS
(2) ppt -----polymers-final-3-161225131244.pdf
Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating structural units and can be classified based on source, structure, polymerization method, or molecular forces. They are used widely in pharmaceutical applications such as controlled drug delivery systems due to their ability to control drug release through diffusion, degradation, or swelling. Common polymers used include PLGA, PLA, and chitosan and they can be applied in oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery systems.
Polymers by Sree Prakash Pandey
POLYMERS
Introduction
The term Polymer derived from the Greek letters ‘Poly’ means many and ‘mers’ means parts. Definition : Polymer is the substance or materials consisting of very large molecules or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits, which are known as monomer. These subunits or monomers are typically connected by Covalent chemical bonds.
Classification and types of polymers
Properties of polymer
Advantages & disadvantages
Applications
References
Polymers Used In Pharmaceutical dosage delivery systems
This document discusses characteristics and types of polymers used in drug delivery. It describes ideal polymer characteristics as being chemically inert, mechanically strong, non-toxic, and easily sterilized. The document then covers various polymer classifications including biodegradability, polymerization method (addition, condensation), structure (natural, synthetic), and environmental responsiveness to stimuli like pH, temperature, light. Specific polymer examples are provided for each classification like poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) for biodegradable and polyvinylpyrrolidone for soluble. Mechanisms of drug release from polymers include diffusion, degradation, swelling, and erosion.
POLYMERS (BP704T) by juganta kr kalita.pptx
*CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION 2. CLASSIFICATION 3. PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS 4. ADVANTAGES 5. APPLICATIONS
INTRODUCTION
➢ Polymers are becoming increasingly important in the field of drug
delivery. ➢ The pharmaceutical applications of polymers range from their used as
binders in tablets formulations to viscosity and flow controlling agents
in liquids, suspensions and emulsions.➢ Polymers are macromolecules with high molecular mass composed of
considerable numbers of monomers.➢ The term polymer is derived from the Greek words, poly means many
and meros means unit or parts.➢ Polymerization is the process of combining two or more monomers
under the definite condition of temperature, pressure and in the
presence of suitable catalyst.
Polymer
This document provides an overview of polymers including their classification, characteristics, and applications. It discusses how polymers are large molecules formed from monomers linking together in chains. Polymers can be classified based on their source, structure, polymerization method, or molecular forces. They have properties like low density, moldability, and corrosion resistance. Important applications of polymers discussed are for oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery systems where they can control and sustain drug release through diffusion, degradation, or swelling mechanisms.
Polymers
This document provides an overview of polymers, including:
- Polymers are large molecules made of repeating monomer units that are linked together through polymerization.
- Polymers can be classified based on their source, chemical nature, thermal behavior, and ultimate forms. Common types include natural/synthetic, organic/inorganic, thermoplastic/thermosetting, and plastics/elastomers/fibers.
- Polymers are prepared through various polymerization methods like bulk, solution, suspension, and emulsion polymerization.
- Key polymer properties include molecular weight, hydrophobicity, glass transition temperature, and crystallinity.
Polymer Science For Pharmaceuticals-MANIK
Pharmaceutical applications, physical ,chemical and mechanical properties, molecular eight and distribution, polymer solution properties, plasticization, and elastomers.
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This document summarizes a seminar presentation on polymer science given to Dr. R. V. Kulkarni. The presentation covered various topics including polymer classification, applications of polymers in controlled drug delivery, biodegradable and natural polymers. Key points discussed include the different methods of polymer classification including by linking method, composition, polymerization method, mechanism and origin. Important polymerization methods like addition, condensation and step-growth were also summarized.
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This document provides an introduction and classification of polymers. It begins with defining a polymer as a large molecule formed by linking small molecule monomers repeatedly. It then classifies polymers based on their structure as linear, branched, or cross-linked. Polymers are also classified based on their source as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Further classifications are based on molecular forces and mode of polymerization. Examples are provided for different types of polymers.
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In this slides we discussed about Polymer,its classification, advantages and application those who are used in pharma.
#laxmankale
#Laxman Kale
Polymer chemistry
Polymers play a very important role in human life. Our body is made of lot of polymers, e.g. Proteins, enzymes, etc. Other naturally occurring polymers like wood, rubber, leather and silk are have wide application. Now a day synthetic polymer like useful plastics, rubbers and fiber materials are synthesized. presentation includes introduction classification and preparation methods. Polymers play a very important role in human life. Our body is made of lot of polymers, e.g. Proteins, enzymes, etc. Other naturally occurring polymers like wood, rubber, leather and silk are have wide application. Now a day synthetic polymer like useful plastics, rubbers and fiber materials are synthesized. Leo Baekeland patented the first totally synthetic polymer called Bakelite (1910). Bakelite is a versatile, durable material prepared from low-cost materials phenol and formaldehyde and was the most important synthetic polymer material. In the 1920s Hermann Staudinger showed that polymers were high-molecular-weight compounds held together by normal covalent bonds.
The suffix in polymer ‘mer’ is originated from Greek word meros – which means part. The word polymer is thus coined to mean material consisting of many parts or mers. A macromolecule having high molecular mass (103-107u) and generally not a well-defined structure or molecular weight. The macromolecules formed by joining of repeating structural units on a large scale. The repeating structural units are simple and reactive molecules linked to each other by covalent bonds. This process of formation of polymers from respective monomers is called polymerization. Most of the polymers are basically organic compounds, however they can be inorganic (e.g. silicones based on Si-O network).
Polymer science
This document provides an overview of polymer science. It begins with definitions, noting that a polymer is a large molecule formed by linking small repeating units called monomers. The document then covers various classifications of polymers based on their source, backbone, structure, and polymerization method. Applications of polymers in pharmaceutical formulations and drug delivery are discussed, along with mechanisms of drug release from polymers. The document also addresses viscosity, solvent selection, and common fabrication technologies for polymers.
Polymer Course
This document provides an introduction to polymer science, including definitions of key terms like polymer, monomer, oligomer, and degree of polymerization. It discusses various classifications of polymers such as by origin, monomer composition (homopolymer, copolymer), chain structure, configuration, and thermal behavior. Mechanisms of polymerization including step-growth and chain-growth are introduced. Physical properties of polymers related to their structure like crystallinity, glass transition temperature, and elastomers are also covered.
CARRIERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY.pptx
Carriers for drug delivery includes polymers and copolymers along with their characterization methods.
POLYMERS.pptx
This POWERPOINT gives detailed explanation of different polymers used in manufacturing of release modified dosage forms.
Polymers.pptx
Polymers are high molecular weight compounds formed by linking together smaller molecules called monomers. There are several ways to classify polymers, including by source (natural, semi-synthetic, synthetic), method of polymerization (addition, condensation), and degradability (biodegradable, non-biodegradable). Biodegradable polymers are important for controlled drug delivery systems as they can release drugs through diffusion, swelling, or erosion over time. Common biodegradable polymers used in drug delivery include lactic acid, glycolic acid, polyanhydrides, and polycaprolactone.
Polymer Science for Pharmaceuticals MANIK
Pharmaceutical applications, physical ,chemical and mechanical properties, molecular eight and distribution, polymer solution properties, plasticization, and elastomers.
Polymer Science
1. The document discusses polymer science and its applications in controlled drug delivery. It describes how polymers are composed of repeating monomer units that are linked together, and how they can be classified based on their source, structure, and properties.
2. The mechanisms of drug release from polymers include diffusion, degradation, and swelling. Drugs can diffuse through or be released as polymers degrade. Reservoir systems can provide more constant drug delivery rates as the polymer coating limits diffusion.
3. Applications of polymers for controlled drug delivery include oral, transdermal, and ocular delivery systems. Oral systems control drug release using osmotic pressure, diffusion through gel matrices, or bioadhesive polymers
Polymer
Polymer refers to large molecules made of repeating structural units called monomers. Naturally occurring polymers include proteins, cellulose, and starch, while synthetic polymers like nylon and polyester are widely used in engineering applications. Polymers can be classified based on their origin, monomer composition, chain structure, thermal behavior, and application. Common physical properties of polymers include their glass transition temperature, crystalline structure, and responses to heat. Examples of important polymers discussed in the document include polyethylene, which exists in various densities, and polypropylene.
Polymer sciencefordrugdelivery
The document discusses different types of polymers used in pharmaceutical applications. Polymers are long chain molecules formed from linking smaller molecules called monomers. They can be homopolymers made of identical monomers or copolymers with two or more different monomers. The document then classifies polymers based on origin, biodegradability, reaction type, and interaction with water. It provides examples of controlled drug delivery systems that use polymers, including reservoir, matrix, biodegradable, osmotic, and swelling-controlled release systems.
biodegradable polymers
1) Biodegradable polymers are polymers that break down into smaller molecules through mechanisms such as hydrolysis or enzymatic degradation. They include both synthetic polymers like polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and polycaprolactone, as well as natural polymers like collagen and albumin.
2) The degradation of biodegradable polymers can occur through either surface or bulk erosion and can be mediated by water, enzymes, or microorganisms. Common mechanisms include cleavage of crosslinks, transformation of side chains, or cleavage of the polymer backbone.
3) Biodegradable polymers find applications as drug delivery systems where they provide localized and sustained release of drugs as well as reduce dosing frequency
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Polymers by Sree Prakash Pandey
POLYMERS
Introduction
The term Polymer derived from the Greek letters ‘Poly’ means many and ‘mers’ means parts. Definition : Polymer is the substance or materials consisting of very large molecules or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits, which are known as monomer. These subunits or monomers are typically connected by Covalent chemical bonds.
Classification and types of polymers
Properties of polymer
Advantages & disadvantages
Applications
References
Polymers Used In Pharmaceutical dosage delivery systems
This document discusses characteristics and types of polymers used in drug delivery. It describes ideal polymer characteristics as being chemically inert, mechanically strong, non-toxic, and easily sterilized. The document then covers various polymer classifications including biodegradability, polymerization method (addition, condensation), structure (natural, synthetic), and environmental responsiveness to stimuli like pH, temperature, light. Specific polymer examples are provided for each classification like poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) for biodegradable and polyvinylpyrrolidone for soluble. Mechanisms of drug release from polymers include diffusion, degradation, swelling, and erosion.
POLYMERS (BP704T) by juganta kr kalita.pptx
*CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION 2. CLASSIFICATION 3. PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS 4. ADVANTAGES 5. APPLICATIONS
INTRODUCTION
➢ Polymers are becoming increasingly important in the field of drug
delivery. ➢ The pharmaceutical applications of polymers range from their used as
binders in tablets formulations to viscosity and flow controlling agents
in liquids, suspensions and emulsions.➢ Polymers are macromolecules with high molecular mass composed of
considerable numbers of monomers.➢ The term polymer is derived from the Greek words, poly means many
and meros means unit or parts.➢ Polymerization is the process of combining two or more monomers
under the definite condition of temperature, pressure and in the
presence of suitable catalyst.
Polymer
This document provides an overview of polymers including their classification, characteristics, and applications. It discusses how polymers are large molecules formed from monomers linking together in chains. Polymers can be classified based on their source, structure, polymerization method, or molecular forces. They have properties like low density, moldability, and corrosion resistance. Important applications of polymers discussed are for oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery systems where they can control and sustain drug release through diffusion, degradation, or swelling mechanisms.
Polymers
This document provides an overview of polymers, including:
- Polymers are large molecules made of repeating monomer units that are linked together through polymerization.
- Polymers can be classified based on their source, chemical nature, thermal behavior, and ultimate forms. Common types include natural/synthetic, organic/inorganic, thermoplastic/thermosetting, and plastics/elastomers/fibers.
- Polymers are prepared through various polymerization methods like bulk, solution, suspension, and emulsion polymerization.
- Key polymer properties include molecular weight, hydrophobicity, glass transition temperature, and crystallinity.
Polymer Science For Pharmaceuticals-MANIK
Pharmaceutical applications, physical ,chemical and mechanical properties, molecular eight and distribution, polymer solution properties, plasticization, and elastomers.
Polymer science
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on polymer science given to Dr. R. V. Kulkarni. The presentation covered various topics including polymer classification, applications of polymers in controlled drug delivery, biodegradable and natural polymers. Key points discussed include the different methods of polymer classification including by linking method, composition, polymerization method, mechanism and origin. Important polymerization methods like addition, condensation and step-growth were also summarized.
Polymer chemistry BSc. SEM VI.pptx
This document provides an introduction and classification of polymers. It begins with defining a polymer as a large molecule formed by linking small molecule monomers repeatedly. It then classifies polymers based on their structure as linear, branched, or cross-linked. Polymers are also classified based on their source as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Further classifications are based on molecular forces and mode of polymerization. Examples are provided for different types of polymers.
Polymer science / pharma
In this slides we discussed about Polymer,its classification, advantages and application those who are used in pharma.
#laxmankale
#Laxman Kale
Polymer chemistry
Polymers play a very important role in human life. Our body is made of lot of polymers, e.g. Proteins, enzymes, etc. Other naturally occurring polymers like wood, rubber, leather and silk are have wide application. Now a day synthetic polymer like useful plastics, rubbers and fiber materials are synthesized. presentation includes introduction classification and preparation methods. Polymers play a very important role in human life. Our body is made of lot of polymers, e.g. Proteins, enzymes, etc. Other naturally occurring polymers like wood, rubber, leather and silk are have wide application. Now a day synthetic polymer like useful plastics, rubbers and fiber materials are synthesized. Leo Baekeland patented the first totally synthetic polymer called Bakelite (1910). Bakelite is a versatile, durable material prepared from low-cost materials phenol and formaldehyde and was the most important synthetic polymer material. In the 1920s Hermann Staudinger showed that polymers were high-molecular-weight compounds held together by normal covalent bonds.
The suffix in polymer ‘mer’ is originated from Greek word meros – which means part. The word polymer is thus coined to mean material consisting of many parts or mers. A macromolecule having high molecular mass (103-107u) and generally not a well-defined structure or molecular weight. The macromolecules formed by joining of repeating structural units on a large scale. The repeating structural units are simple and reactive molecules linked to each other by covalent bonds. This process of formation of polymers from respective monomers is called polymerization. Most of the polymers are basically organic compounds, however they can be inorganic (e.g. silicones based on Si-O network).
Polymer science
This document provides an overview of polymer science. It begins with definitions, noting that a polymer is a large molecule formed by linking small repeating units called monomers. The document then covers various classifications of polymers based on their source, backbone, structure, and polymerization method. Applications of polymers in pharmaceutical formulations and drug delivery are discussed, along with mechanisms of drug release from polymers. The document also addresses viscosity, solvent selection, and common fabrication technologies for polymers.
Polymer Course
This document provides an introduction to polymer science, including definitions of key terms like polymer, monomer, oligomer, and degree of polymerization. It discusses various classifications of polymers such as by origin, monomer composition (homopolymer, copolymer), chain structure, configuration, and thermal behavior. Mechanisms of polymerization including step-growth and chain-growth are introduced. Physical properties of polymers related to their structure like crystallinity, glass transition temperature, and elastomers are also covered.
CARRIERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY.pptx
Carriers for drug delivery includes polymers and copolymers along with their characterization methods.
POLYMERS.pptx
This POWERPOINT gives detailed explanation of different polymers used in manufacturing of release modified dosage forms.
Polymers.pptx
Polymers are high molecular weight compounds formed by linking together smaller molecules called monomers. There are several ways to classify polymers, including by source (natural, semi-synthetic, synthetic), method of polymerization (addition, condensation), and degradability (biodegradable, non-biodegradable). Biodegradable polymers are important for controlled drug delivery systems as they can release drugs through diffusion, swelling, or erosion over time. Common biodegradable polymers used in drug delivery include lactic acid, glycolic acid, polyanhydrides, and polycaprolactone.
Polymer Science for Pharmaceuticals MANIK
Pharmaceutical applications, physical ,chemical and mechanical properties, molecular eight and distribution, polymer solution properties, plasticization, and elastomers.
Polymer Science
1. The document discusses polymer science and its applications in controlled drug delivery. It describes how polymers are composed of repeating monomer units that are linked together, and how they can be classified based on their source, structure, and properties.
2. The mechanisms of drug release from polymers include diffusion, degradation, and swelling. Drugs can diffuse through or be released as polymers degrade. Reservoir systems can provide more constant drug delivery rates as the polymer coating limits diffusion.
3. Applications of polymers for controlled drug delivery include oral, transdermal, and ocular delivery systems. Oral systems control drug release using osmotic pressure, diffusion through gel matrices, or bioadhesive polymers
Polymer
Polymer refers to large molecules made of repeating structural units called monomers. Naturally occurring polymers include proteins, cellulose, and starch, while synthetic polymers like nylon and polyester are widely used in engineering applications. Polymers can be classified based on their origin, monomer composition, chain structure, thermal behavior, and application. Common physical properties of polymers include their glass transition temperature, crystalline structure, and responses to heat. Examples of important polymers discussed in the document include polyethylene, which exists in various densities, and polypropylene.
Polymer sciencefordrugdelivery
The document discusses different types of polymers used in pharmaceutical applications. Polymers are long chain molecules formed from linking smaller molecules called monomers. They can be homopolymers made of identical monomers or copolymers with two or more different monomers. The document then classifies polymers based on origin, biodegradability, reaction type, and interaction with water. It provides examples of controlled drug delivery systems that use polymers, including reservoir, matrix, biodegradable, osmotic, and swelling-controlled release systems.
biodegradable polymers
1) Biodegradable polymers are polymers that break down into smaller molecules through mechanisms such as hydrolysis or enzymatic degradation. They include both synthetic polymers like polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and polycaprolactone, as well as natural polymers like collagen and albumin.
2) The degradation of biodegradable polymers can occur through either surface or bulk erosion and can be mediated by water, enzymes, or microorganisms. Common mechanisms include cleavage of crosslinks, transformation of side chains, or cleavage of the polymer backbone.
3) Biodegradable polymers find applications as drug delivery systems where they provide localized and sustained release of drugs as well as reduce dosing frequency
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Polymers Used In Pharmaceutical dosage delivery systems
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ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
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Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidadeProf. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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Polymer detail explanation biotechnology topic.pdf
- 1. Polymer “Polymer” word is derived from Greek roots “Polus” meaning many and “Meros” meaning parts. Definition : Polymers are high molecular weight chemical compounds (macromolecules) assembled from a large number of repeating units called as monomers.
- 2. Classification of polymers 1. Based on nature of monomers a) Homopolymers b) Copolymers 2. Based on the arrangement of monomers a) Random copolymers b) Graft copolymers c) Block copolymers 3. Based on the structure of the polymers a) Linear b) Branched c) Cross-linked 4. Based on thermal response and polymer property a) Thermoplastics b) Thermosets c) Elastomers 5. Based on the source a) Natural Polymers b) Semisynthetic polymers c) Synthetic polymers
- 3. 6. Based on the form and use a) plastics b) Elastomers c) Fibers d) Liquid resins 7. Based on bio-stability a) Biodegradable polymers e.g. polyesters, proteins, carbohydrates b) Non-biodegradable polymers e.g. ethyl cellulose, HPMC, acrylic polymers, silicones.
- 4. Copolymer : Polymer formed from two or more different monomers is called as copolymer. - [A – B – A – B – A – B] – Homopolymer : Polymer formed from bonding of identical monomers is called as homopolymer. - [A – A – A – A – A] –
- 5. Characteristics for Ideal Polymer Should be inert and compatible with the environment. Should be non-toxic. Should be easily administered. Should be easy and inexpensive to fabricate. Should have good mechanical strength. Should provide drug attachment and release sites for drug polymer linkages.
- 6. Applications in Conventional Dosage Forms Tablets : - As binders - To mask unpleasant taste - For enteric coated tablets Liquids : - Viscosity enhancers - For controlling the flow Semisolids : - In the gel preparation - In ointments In transdermal Patches
- 7. Applications in Controlled Drug Delivery Reservoir Systems - Ocusert System - Progestasert System - Reservoir Designed Transdermal Patches Matrix Systems Swelling Controlled Release Systems Biodegradable Systems Osmotically controlled Drug Delivery
- 8. Biodegradable Polymers Definition : Biodegradable polymers are defined as polymers comprised of monomers linked to one another through functional groups and have unstable links in the backbone. They slowly disappear from the site of administration in response to a chemical reaction such as hydrolysis.
- 9. Synthetic Polymers : a) Aliphatic polymers b) Polyphospho-esters c) Polyanhydrides d) Polyorthoesters Natural Polymers : a) Collagen b) Albumin c) Casein d) gelatin Environment Responsive Polymers : a) Thermo-sensitive – Poly acryl amide b) pH sensitive – Methyl vinyl ether
- 10. Mechanism of Biodegradation A. Hydrolytic Degradation : Breakdown of polymer by water by cleaving long chain into monomeric acids. This is done by two ways: a) Bulk eroding polymers e.g. Polylactic acid (PLA),Polyglycolic acid (PGA) b) Surface eroding polymers e.g. Polyanhydrides B. Enzymatic Degradation : Exact mechanism is not known but may be due to lysis of long polymer chain by attaching to it.
- 11. Factors affecting Biodegradation Polymer morphology pH & ionic strength Drug – polymer interaction Chemical composition and structure Processing methods and conditions Presence of chain defects