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Poisonus effects of plants & animals on human & animal
- 1. Effects of poisonous plants and animals on human and animal Title of the talk
- 2. Contents Poisonous plants Effects of poisonous plants on human and animal Poisonous animals Effects of poisonous animals on human and animal
- 3. Poisonous Plants Poison: In biology, poisons are substances that cause disturbances in organisms, usually by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale, when an organism absorbs a sufficient quantity Poisonous plant: Poisonous plants are those plants that produce toxins that deter herbivores from consuming them.
- 4. Effects of poisonous plants on human and animal
- 6. Amaryllis • Houseplant • Bulbs and seeds are toxic • Humans • Gastrointestinal problems vomiting, diarrhea.
- 7. • Houseplant • All parts • Humans and pets • Ingestion causes intense burning, swelling and irritation of the mouth, lips and throat. Caladiums & Dieffenbachia
- 8. Easter Lily • Houseplant or ornamental • All parts • Humans, cats, livestock • Dizziness, stomach pain, collapse, fatal to livestock.
- 9. Oleander • Ornamental shrub • Extremely toxic • Livestock, pets and humans • Gastroenteritis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, sweating and weakness.
- 11. Azalea, Rhododendron • Shrub • Entire plant • Livestock, pets and humans • Nausea, vomiting, weakness, dizziness, breathing difficulty, coma.
- 12. Castor bean • Ornamental herb • Various parts of the plant – particularly in the seed • One of the three most toxic plants • All livestock, pets and humans • 6 seeds can kill a horse • 1-2 seeds can kill a child.
- 13. • Perennial • Young leaves and seeds • Pets, humans, cattle, and can effect horses • Nervous symptoms, nausea, depression and even death. Delphiniums & Larkspurs
- 14. Foxglove • Biennial plant • All parts – most toxic just before the seeds ripen • Cats, cattle, dogs, goats, horses, humans • Dizziness, vomiting, irregular heart beat, and delirium or hallucinations. Can be fatal at any time.
- 15. Lantana • Annual flower, warm climates spreading shrub • All parts are quite toxic • Cattle, sheep, horses and humans • Gastric, vomiting, diarrhea, circulatory collapse.
- 16. Lily of the Valley • Perennial flower • All parts are extremely toxic • Humans, cats, dogs, goats • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irregular heartbeat and pulse, mental confusion-can lead to coma and death.
- 17. Red Maple • Ornamental tree • Leaves, especially when fallen, damaged, or wilted • Horses only • Breathing difficulties, jaundice, dark brown urine, death.
- 18. Rhubarb • Garden plant • Low, unless animals are fed the leaves intentionally • Cattle, swine, sheep and goats • Staggering, trembling, breathing difficulties, weakness, diarrhea, increased drinking and urinating, death.
- 19. Black Walnut • Natural and ornamental tree • Moderately toxic, depending upon length of exposure • Horses, dogs, possibly other animals • Laminitis, breathing problems, gastroenteritis.
- 20. Yew • Ornamental Shrub • All parts extremely toxic, death is likely • All animals-livestock, pets, humans and birds • Sudden death is the typical sign. Occasionally: breathing problems, trembling, weakness, heart problems, stomach upset.
- 22. Black Locust • Shrub or tree • Roots, bark, sprouts, seed pods and/or trimmings • Horses, cattle, sheep, poultry and humans • Weakness, posterior paralysis, depression and loss of appetite.
- 23. Common Cocklebur • Annual herb • Toxin concentrated in the seeds and seedlings • Vomiting and gastrointestinal irritation with occasional diarrhea • Swine mostly – chickens and other livestock.
- 24. Hemp Dogbane • Native perennial • All parts- particularly tender shoots. Can be in hay • Horses, cattle, humans, sheep, cats, dogs, goats • Heart stimulant, increased temperature and pulse, pupils dilated. Can result in death.
- 25. • Perennial, thorny herb • Berries most toxic, leaves to a lesser degree • Mostly cattle, humans, rodents • Sometimes sheep, horses, goats • Irritation of the mouth, gastrointestinal lesions, unthriftiness, jaundiced mucous membranes, abdominal dropsy and constipation Horsenettle
- 26. Jimsonweed • Annual • All parts, green or dried are poisonous – especially seeds • Cattle, swine: primary Horses, poultry, goats, dogs and humans: possible • Cattle – .5 to 1# • Weak, rapid pulse and heartbeat
- 27. Milkweed • Perennial herbs • All parts are toxic fresh and dried • Cattle, sheep, goats, horses and poultry • 2% of body weight • Staggering, depression, weakness, labored respiration and dilated pupils • Eventual coma and death.
- 28. Poison Hemlock • Biennial Herb • All parts are toxic, but the seeds are the worst • Livestock, poultry and humans • Gastrointestinal irritation, nervousness, trembling, staggering, coldness of the extremities, slow heartbeat and eventually coma and death.
- 29. Pokeweed • Perennial herb • Young leaves often used as cooked green • Older leaves quite poisonous • Root most poisonous – other parts contain smaller amounts of toxins • Cattle, horses, swine and man • Severe gastroenteritis, diarrhea and convulsions • Can be fatal • Treat with gastrointestinal protective and sedatives.
- 30. Poisonous Animals Poisonous Animals : Poisonous animals are those whose tissues, either in part or in their entirely, are toxic .
- 31. Effects of poisonous animals on human and animal
- 32. Cnidarians (jellyfish) • use highly efficient venom application devices (nematocysts). • When contact is made with trigger hairs, nematocysts explode and send out harpoons that penetrate the surface of the attacked organism, then venom is released to the tissue • cause local irritation of the skin (e.g.,burning sensations and erythema). • All cnidarians may cause type-I hypersensitivity reactions after repeated exposure, which includes anaphylactic shock.
- 33. Venomous Fish (scorpion fish, lion fish and stone fish) • carry venom-gland-bearing fin rays for self defense. • Stings from venomous fish cause agonizing pain. Mechanical injury destroys tissue • Some species of venomous fish can cause systemic envenoming
- 34. Sea Snakes • muscular pain and tenderness followed by placid paralysis and renal failure. • nearly all cases there are no local warning signs of venom injection; bite marks are virtually invisible.
- 35. Spiders • Spiders employ venom jaws that are connected to venom glands to catch prey and for use in self defense. • Brown recluse spiders cause necrotic lesions around the bite site • Brazilian `banana spiders' have been reported to travel in bunches of bananas, causing bites and even deaths in countries to which they are not native.
- 36. Hymenopterans (Bees, Wasps, and Ants) • Hymenoptera insects that inject venom with a stinging apparatus connected to venom glands • cause immediate pain and a red, swollen • In some people, the area swells to a diameter of 2 inches • This swelling is sometimes mistaken for infection, which is unusual after bee stings • Allergic reactions may cause rash, itching all over, wheezing, trouble breathing, and shock.