PLS 2016: The business case for LED street lighting
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Many local authorities have started or are considering large scale replacement programmes to convert their street lighting to LED lighting. This process is fraught with potential pitfalls! How do you ensure that the Specification is future proof and fit for purpose... Talk by Alistair Scott BSc CEng FILP MIMechE, Managing Director, Designs for Lighting Ltd
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PLS 2016: The business case for LED street lighting
- 1. The Business Case for LED Lighting Alistair Scott BSc, CEng, FILP Past President Institution of Lighting Professionals Managing Director Designs for Lighting Ltd Chairman BSI EL/001/02 Road Lighting
- 2. The business case for LED street lighting Essential questions to be answered… 1. Reasons for Lighting 2. Benefits of LED Lighting 3. Standards & Guidance for Lighting 4. Road Lighting Best Practice – Is the Specification fit for purpose? – Is the lighting quality equal to the existing – Are the warranties necessary or meaningful? – Are predicted energy savings reliable – Is the inventory reliable? – Is the existing infrastructure structurally sound?
- 3. Reasons for Road Lighting Road Lighting is installed to: • Provide visual guidance • Reveal obstacles • Provide visual clues • Allow pedestrians to see hazards • Allow pedestrians to orientate themselves • Allow pedestrians to recognise others • Provide a feeling of security and safety
- 4. What can we believe? LED’s will last 20 years Maintenance Free 200 lumens / watt Dangerous for health LED’s are 100% efficient 80% energy savings
- 5. Benefits of LED lighting • Provide significant energy savings • Reduced CO2 emissions • Robust to deal with fluctuating power • Emit no UV • Variable output – easily controlled • Point Source – Controllable light distribution • Reduced light spill • Long Life • Reduced Maintenance • Improved Safety • Good Colour Rendering • Colour stability / Choice of colour temperature
- 6. Specification – Lighting Standards
- 7. the right light in the right place at the right time consuming the minimum amount of electrical energy Intelligent Management of Public Lighting
- 8. Design Considerations • Lighting Class or “best fit” • Effect of glare • Potential for obtrusive light • Energy demands • Whole life cycle costs • Risk Assessment • Management & Control • CDM
- 9. BS 5489 Key Themes 1. Energy Management 2. Competency 3. Risk Assessments 4. Environment 5. Health & Safety
- 10. • Variable Lighting • Trimming • Choice of Lighting Class • Choice of Colour Temperature • Efficient luminaire • Efficient design • Constant light output • Choice of running current Energy Management
- 11. Energy Management Adaptive Lighting (or profiling) Trimming Variable Lighting Part Night Lighting
- 12. Does usage vary significantly through night? e.g rush hour, last orders etc. Do other parameters change? Build up light profile Use ILP guidance Energy Management Adaptive Lighting (or profiling)
- 13. Risk Assessments What are the risks? • Visibility • Task complexity • Crime potential • Fear of Crime & Personal Safety Energy Management Adaptive Lighting (or profiling)
- 14. • Variable Lighting • Trimming • Choice of Lighting Class • Choice of Colour Temperature • Efficient luminaire • Efficient design • Constant light output • Choice of running current Energy Management
- 15. Energy Management Colour Temperature 4100°K6500°K 3000°K 2400°K
- 16. Energy Management CLO = over-lighting = energy saving Operating hours (‘000s) Light level (%) Operating hours (‘000s) Power Consumption (%)
- 17. LED Life & Maintenance Factors 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 L91 = 50,000 hours L90 = 70,000 hours L88 = 100,000 hours Operating hours Lumen Maintenance
- 18. LED Life Do we need 20 years + life?
- 19. LED Luminaires
- 20. IET Good Practice Specification Template
- 21. IET Good Practice Specification Template
- 22. IET Good Practice Specification Template
- 23. Specification Issues – Weight & Windage
- 24. Specification – CMS • More flexibility to adapt light levels • Potential for optimising design to achieve energy reduction • Incorporate other sensors • Reduce scouting • More efficient Maintenance • Efficient management and reporting
- 25. Business Case
- 26. Business Case • Capital Cost – Specification – Luminaire – CMS (Infrastructure + Annual hosting) – Installation – Design Costs • Maintenance Costs – Electrical Testing – Column Testing – Scouting (Reduced) – Cleaning & Bulk lamp change (Reduced) – Reactive Maintenance (Reduced) • Energy Costs • Third Party Revenue • Pay Back
- 28. Business Case Requirements • Robust lighting strategy • Robust accurate inventory • Asset Management System • Column Replacement Strategy • Financial modelling
- 29. The Business Case for LED Lighting Alistair Scott BSc, CEng, FILP Past President Institution of Lighting Professionals Managing Director Designs for Lighting Ltd Chairman BSI EL/001/02 Road Lighting Thank you
Editor's Notes
- So what are the major drivers or themes for change? We have already mentioned energy, but I will repeat that there is a major drive to reduce energy consumption either by installing more efficient equipment, designing to lower lighting classes, reducing lighting levels at certain times of the night or switching off either part night or all night. In some cases it may be seen as the easy way out, without the potential repercussions being properly investigated. There is a greater need for designers of lighting to demonstrate their competence. This mechanism is used to ensure that any decisions made regarding lighting are made by competent persons and can be justified in a court of law. The competent person will do a risk assessment of the lighting design prior to installation to ensure risks are designed out or minimised. Environmental issues and health & safety are further themes for change.
- Looking at the many options available for managing energy consumption, most of you will be employing one or more of these in your efforts to reduce energy. The last point – constant light output was long seen as the holy grail for lighting designers is now becoming a reality. Compensating for lumen depreciation through life prevents the scheme from being overlit by 30% or so on Day 1
- The process used in the risk assessment will be detailed with the following parameters significant; usage, traffic composition, complexity of the task; ambient luminance; crime.
- Looking at the many options available for managing energy consumption, most of you will be employing one or more of these in your efforts to reduce energy. The last point – constant light output was long seen as the holy grail for lighting designers is now becoming a reality. Compensating for lumen depreciation through life prevents the scheme from being overlit by 30% or so on Day 1
- Talking of comparing like for like - Annex A of the IET Recommendations on Energy Efficient Exterior Lighting contains the Good Practice Specification Template – which is also available from the IET website as a download. The Good Practice Specification Template is split into two sections. The top section is for the client / designer / specifier to input the key criteria they need. The lower section is the bidder’s offer in terms of lighting solution parameters (and the bidder can make multiple offers for differing solutions)
- Looking at the many options available for managing energy consumption, most of you will be employing one or more of these in your efforts to reduce energy. The last point – constant light output was long seen as the holy grail for lighting designers is now becoming a reality. Compensating for lumen depreciation through life prevents the scheme from being overlit by 30% or so on Day 1