The increasing demand for light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been driven by a number of application categories, including display backlighting, communications, medical services, signage, and general illumination. The construction of LEDs is somewhat similar to microelectronics, but there are functional requirements, materials, and interfaces in LEDs that make their failure modes and mechanisms unique. This web seminar will present a review for industry and academic research on LED failure mechanisms and reliability to help LED developers and end-product manufacturers focus resources in an effective manner. The focus is on the reliability of LEDs at the die and package levels. The driving factors for precipitating these mechanisms will be discussed to help the developers and users of LEDs control the mechanisms and assess reliability. We will concentrate on the phosphor thermal quenching mechanism to illustrate the uniqueness of LEDs compared with other semiconductor devices.
An LED is a device that emits light when electrically biased. Similar to any electronic component, LEDs also have electrical parameters that need to be taken into consideration when designed into a system.
This presentation on Mesopic Vision defines the different vision ranges and highlights the advantages of LED lighting over other light sources as it relates to human vision. It also details the efforts to incorporate the mesopic vision advantages of LED lighting into standards and regulations. This is part of the LED Fundamentals series by OSRAM Opto Semiconductors. Fan us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/OSRAMLEDLight and visit our website for more information http://ledlight.osram-os.com/
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors presents How to Read a Datasheet Part 1 of 2 - Typical/Maximum Characteristics and Binning as part of the LED Fundamentals section on the LED Light Site. In this presentation we examine the key parameters specified on the first half of an LED datasheet from OSRAM Opto Semiconductors. The datasheet captures some of the most important technical characteristics of an LED. These include electrical, optical and thermal quantities, knowledge of which is paramount for an LED system design. Also, it has information on ordering codes, labeling and packaging of the LEDs. Fan us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/OSRAMLEDLight and visit our website for more information http://ledlight.osram-os.com/
The increasing demand for light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been driven by a number of application categories, including display backlighting, communications, medical services, signage, and general illumination. The construction of LEDs is somewhat similar to microelectronics, but there are functional requirements, materials, and interfaces in LEDs that make their failure modes and mechanisms unique. This web seminar will present a review for industry and academic research on LED failure mechanisms and reliability to help LED developers and end-product manufacturers focus resources in an effective manner. The focus is on the reliability of LEDs at the die and package levels. The driving factors for precipitating these mechanisms will be discussed to help the developers and users of LEDs control the mechanisms and assess reliability. We will concentrate on the phosphor thermal quenching mechanism to illustrate the uniqueness of LEDs compared with other semiconductor devices.
An LED is a device that emits light when electrically biased. Similar to any electronic component, LEDs also have electrical parameters that need to be taken into consideration when designed into a system.
This presentation on Mesopic Vision defines the different vision ranges and highlights the advantages of LED lighting over other light sources as it relates to human vision. It also details the efforts to incorporate the mesopic vision advantages of LED lighting into standards and regulations. This is part of the LED Fundamentals series by OSRAM Opto Semiconductors. Fan us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/OSRAMLEDLight and visit our website for more information http://ledlight.osram-os.com/
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors presents How to Read a Datasheet Part 1 of 2 - Typical/Maximum Characteristics and Binning as part of the LED Fundamentals section on the LED Light Site. In this presentation we examine the key parameters specified on the first half of an LED datasheet from OSRAM Opto Semiconductors. The datasheet captures some of the most important technical characteristics of an LED. These include electrical, optical and thermal quantities, knowledge of which is paramount for an LED system design. Also, it has information on ordering codes, labeling and packaging of the LEDs. Fan us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/OSRAMLEDLight and visit our website for more information http://ledlight.osram-os.com/
Eco Lite Technologies - Manufacturers & Suppliers of LED ProductsVikram Jeet
Eco lite technologies is the manufacturers of led products like led bulbs, led lights, led street lights, led mr16, led down lights, led bay lights. Each products of us are passed through various electrical parameters like electrical, thermal, optical, etc. before reaching to the customers. You can view and purchase wide variety of led products through our website http://www.ecolitetechnologies.co.in
http://www.adtronics.net/......
In today's world, quick and effective communication is essential for every business. To do this, you need the right display using the right technology. Whether you are looking for an indoor or outdoor LED Display,
If you want this slide or any other slides related to your engineering courses, you can go to “www.slideshare.com” and search Arsalan Qureshi for all the slides including this one.
Since our inception is in year 2006, we “A Pankaj Kale Company” is a trustworthy firm engaged in manufacturing, supplying and trading a comprehensive assortment of LED Lights & Printing Pest Ink. Our offered range encompasses of Office LED Lights, LED Shop Lights, Residential Led Lights, Industrial LED Lights, LED Street Lights, Commercial LED Lights, Printing Press Ink and LED Lights. The products offered by us are manufactured using optimum-grade raw material And other basic components that are obtained from accredited and trustworthy vendors of the market. These products offered by us are widely appreciated in the market for their features like brightness, perfect light distribution, long life span, compact design, directional lightning, energy efficient, requires low maintenance, alluring designs, high reliability, lightweight, user friendly, outstanding performance, technically advanced and bright illumination properties.
T12 production ended July 2012. Your decision point is a migration to T8 and new ballasts or T5 and new fixtures - or LED. You know that your energy costs are going up by 40% in the next couple of years and likely 100% over the next 10. Why not use todays money to light your path to future profitability. The highest ROI is LED.
Benefits and advantages of led lights pptPayojKatiyar1
LED lights are the need of every home. LED lights provide a wide range of advantages. It is a solid state lighting device. It works on semiconductor material which utilises much less amount of electricity. LED lights use a driver(semiconductor chip) which changes AC to DC(Alternating current to direct current). Each DC operating device utilises much less energy as compared to other AC products.
Eco Lite Technologies - Manufacturers & Suppliers of LED ProductsVikram Jeet
Eco lite technologies is the manufacturers of led products like led bulbs, led lights, led street lights, led mr16, led down lights, led bay lights. Each products of us are passed through various electrical parameters like electrical, thermal, optical, etc. before reaching to the customers. You can view and purchase wide variety of led products through our website http://www.ecolitetechnologies.co.in
http://www.adtronics.net/......
In today's world, quick and effective communication is essential for every business. To do this, you need the right display using the right technology. Whether you are looking for an indoor or outdoor LED Display,
If you want this slide or any other slides related to your engineering courses, you can go to “www.slideshare.com” and search Arsalan Qureshi for all the slides including this one.
Since our inception is in year 2006, we “A Pankaj Kale Company” is a trustworthy firm engaged in manufacturing, supplying and trading a comprehensive assortment of LED Lights & Printing Pest Ink. Our offered range encompasses of Office LED Lights, LED Shop Lights, Residential Led Lights, Industrial LED Lights, LED Street Lights, Commercial LED Lights, Printing Press Ink and LED Lights. The products offered by us are manufactured using optimum-grade raw material And other basic components that are obtained from accredited and trustworthy vendors of the market. These products offered by us are widely appreciated in the market for their features like brightness, perfect light distribution, long life span, compact design, directional lightning, energy efficient, requires low maintenance, alluring designs, high reliability, lightweight, user friendly, outstanding performance, technically advanced and bright illumination properties.
T12 production ended July 2012. Your decision point is a migration to T8 and new ballasts or T5 and new fixtures - or LED. You know that your energy costs are going up by 40% in the next couple of years and likely 100% over the next 10. Why not use todays money to light your path to future profitability. The highest ROI is LED.
Benefits and advantages of led lights pptPayojKatiyar1
LED lights are the need of every home. LED lights provide a wide range of advantages. It is a solid state lighting device. It works on semiconductor material which utilises much less amount of electricity. LED lights use a driver(semiconductor chip) which changes AC to DC(Alternating current to direct current). Each DC operating device utilises much less energy as compared to other AC products.
Residential Applications for LED Lighting: How LED lighting is creating opportunities for creating dynamic lighting layering in residential spaces
LEARNING OUTCOMES
To better understand the key benefits of using LED lighting in residential applications.
To better understand how LED technology is positively impacting lighting design objectives when using lighting layers.
To better understand the specific benefits of LED lighting in kitchen and baths.
To better understand the primary specification issues that designers and architects must define when selecting and applying LED decorative and architectural lighting in residential applications.
To analyze specific case studies of successful LED lighting application.
This session is proudly sponsored by Residential Lighting
Presented by: Joseph A. Rey-Barreau, AIA, IES, i
LED Lights offer a multitude of advantages over traditional light sources including lower electricity consumption, much longer lifetime, higher durability, no ultraviolet and infrared radiation, low heat and smaller size.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
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The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
17. Creation of Light Anatomy of a Die P layer P/N Junction N layer Substrate P Electrode (Anode) N Electrode (Cathode) “ Active Layer” “ Depletion Layer” “ Forbidden Layer” Junction
18. Creation of Light Anatomy of a Die P/N Junction Substrate (Anode) (Cathode) Current + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Current Out - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bond Wire Applying current causes electrons to flow, the union creates a release of energy - either light or heat
20. Spectral Power Distribution Comparison Typical White Power LED (blue diode w/phosphors) Spike at 450 nm represents the contribution from the blue diode. Wavelengths of light above 500 nm are result of the phosphors.
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22. InGaN Blue LED- Creating White Light Indium Gallium Nitride (most common method for white)
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25. Results of Premium binning procedures Due to variance during production, a bin is a “zone” of chromaticity in which a customer will receive product. in variance Red bin represents a 57% reduction
26. Standards for LED product testing L70 “ End of Life” determined at 70% of initial lumen output. Junction Temperature, Operating Temperature, Drive Current all play a role in the determination of L70
27. Standards for LED product testing L70 predicated on keeping the LEDs cool.
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30. IES LM-80-2008 Approved Method for Measuring Lumen Depreciation of LED Light Sources “ Specifies a standard method for measuring the lumen depreciation of LEDs, allowing calculation of LED lifetime.” This is the actual, real-life (lab) lumen/life testing of diodes (but not in a luminaire). 6,000 hours are required, however 10,000 hours are preferred. This equates to 8 months of operational testing! Prior to LM80, most reputable LED manufacturers used the Assist method of calculation, proven to be very reliable. Standards for LED product testing ___________________________________________________
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35. Myth #4 LEDs are inexpensive No, they are more expensive – but they are starting to come down.
49. The 12 questions… 2) Has your diode supplier provided an IESNA LM-80 Test? LM-80 was finalized and published by the IESNA in September of 2008. All reputable LED manufacturers should now be submitting existing and new LED packages for LM-80 testing. If your fixture manufacturer cannot produce LM-80 test results for the LED they are employing in their luminaire – buyer beware!
50. The 12 questions… 3) What is the operating range specification and what is the maximum junction temperature (Tj) of the lamps over that percentage range? Each LED has operating characteristics that need to be adhered to when employing them in a lighting fixture. The most critical item of note is the LED package operating junction temperature or Tj. The Luminaire manufacturer should be able to provide not only maximum rated junction temperature for the LED, but also what the Tj is as operated in their fixture. Care should be taken when applying luminaires in different climates (operating temperatures). Quality Luminaire manufacturers will build in an allowance in their design for variances in ambient operating temperatures.
51. The 12 questions… 4) What is the expected L-70 lifetime of your fixture ? How was it calculated? L70 is a designation for the amount of time it will take a LED to depreciate to 70% initial lumen output (as set forth by LM-79 photometric testing) in a fixture. Again, what is the fixture’s L70 and at what ambient is that tested at? Is it a realistic ambient?
52. The 12 questions… 5) Can you supply an IESNA LM-79 test report and is it from a third party laboratory with an .ies file? Independent Testing Laboratories, Boulder Colorado is one of the premier testing houses for lighting fixtures.
53. The 12 questions… 6) What are the delivered lumens and LPW of the fixture? The delivered lumens stated in fixture manufacturer’s literature should reflect the “total” lumens each fixture produces. When evaluating the specification sheet, the stated luminous output is the same as the output reported to us in our LM-79 test, in other words, “no in-house tricks.” We do not report “ lighthead” lumens, but actual light delivered out of the fixture. Fixture wattage should be total draw, including driver losses.
54. The 12 questions… 7) Is the chromaticity of the fixture in the ANSI C78.377A color space and is it stable over time? How do you know? Reputable LED manufacturers all publish binning practices. Typical bins are representative of (7) MacAdams Ellipse. Lighting Class LEDs should be much more precise (3) Ellipse.
55. The 12 questions… MacAdams Ellipse Over 90 percent of the population can see the difference in (7) Ellipse A reduction from 7 to 3 MacAdams Ellipse reduces the percentage to less than 65 percent.
56. The 12 questions… 8) Does the color of the light output vary from fixture to fixture or in different spatial locations for a single fixture? Fixture manufacturers need to be very careful and record keep the bins from which they receive their LED and supply to project sites. How critical this is depends on the quantity of LEDs used in the fixture design, as well as the size of the bins in which they purchase from.
57. The 12 questions… 9) What is the power factor of your fixture? How much power does it consume in the off position? Properly designed luminaires should consume no power in the off position. Power factor is how effectively the electrical design (driver) uses the input power it receives. Luminaires should meet or exceed the USDOE Energy Star rating.
58. The 12 questions… 10) Have you applied for DOE Energy Star for this fixture? Why/Why not? Energy Star has traditionally been associated with residential grade products. Although it is better to have than have not, many new luminaires have either not been submitted or await the review of the DOE. Similar to appliances, Energy Star sets a minimum performance level and is not the end all to quality LED luminaires.
59. The 12 questions… 11) Is your fixture lead free, mercury free, and RoHS compliant? In order to meet the Reduction of Hazardous Substances compliance, lead and mercury are eliminated from the product, as well as an extensive list of other potentially harmful materials.
60. The 12 questions… 12) What is the warranty and do you have the means to STAND BEHIND IT? LED Lighting represents an unprecedented level of reliability and the manufacturer should have the confidence to stand behind their design. Warranties should be a minimum of 3 year, as long as 5 year and incorporate not only the LED circuitry, but driver and optics as well. Does the manufacturer you are dealing with have experience in the lighting industry? Have they stood behind prior technologies? Will they be around in the future to service an offered warranty?