The document discusses various lighting systems essential for pilots during landing and taxiing, including approach lighting systems (ALS) and precision approach path indicators (PAPI). It emphasizes the importance of reliable, durable lighting such as halogen and LED lamps, which provide optimal visibility under adverse weather conditions. Additionally, it outlines regulations concerning en-route obstacle lighting and the responsibilities of lighting designers to ensure that surrounding lights do not endanger aircraft operations.

1. Lighting for Pilots
Pete Lummis I.Eng MILP

2. A message from Trix Lummis

3. A message from Trix Lummis

4. Seeing the runway from a distance

5. Final approach, glide slope and landing

6. Final approach, glide slope and landing

7. Seeing the Runway Lighting
Approach and Runway Lighting need to be clearly defined,
with other lighting not causing a distraction
End of runway – line of red lights
Edge of runway – line of white lights
PAPI = Precision Approach Path
Indicator – 4 red/white lights
Start of runway = Threshold -
Line of green lights
ALS = Approach Lighting System,
consisting of a series of lightbars,
strobe lights, or a combination of
the two that extends outward from
the runway.

8. ALS = Approach Lighting System, consisting of a series of
lightbars, strobe lights, or a combination of the two that
extends outward from the runway end.

9. Threshhold of runway – line of green lights - Mounted
LED Uni-directional

10. Threshhold of runway – line of green lights - Inset

11. Runway Edge Lighting – Pole Mounted

12. Runway Edge Lighting – Inset

13. End of runway – line of red lights - Mounted

14. End of runway – line of red lights - Inset
FEATURES
• Fixture rises a maximum of 0.250
inch above the surface finish.
• Light fixture is a uni-directional
fixture with two (2) 48-watt halogen
lamps.
USE
The Honeywell Runway End Lights are
used to define the end of the runway
pavement suitable for aircraft operation.
The lights are typically used with medium
and high intensity approach lighting
systems utilizing displaced thresholds.
Prisms are non-field replaceable.

15. Taxi Way Lighting

16. Halogen lamps are the perfect light source for airfield
lighting. Light sources for this application need to be
highly reliable, durable and have relatively low
installation costs – properties that define halogen lamps
from OSRAM. They provide instant and constant light
output and have an impressively long life of up to 6000
hours. The light from halogen lamps is absolutely flicker
free and dimmable, providing first-class performance
even in adverse weather conditions such as snow and
fog. Thanks to their small size and high luminance these
lamps are ideal for the compact design of airfield lights.
OSRAM offers halogen lamps with wattages from 30W
to 200W with or without a reflector
ZELION LED modules have been
developed specifically for the complex set
of requirements that have to be met in
airfield lighting applications.

17. PAPI
Precision
Approach
Path
Indicator

18. Air Navigation: The Order and the
Regulations
CAP 393 Lighting of en-route obstacles
219 (1) The person in charge of an en-route
obstacle must ensure that it is fitted with
medium
intensity steady red lights positioned as close
as possible to the top of the obstacle and
at intermediate levels spaced so far as
practicable equally between the top lights and
ground level with an interval of not more than
52 metres.
8) In this article, an ‘en-route obstacle’
means any building, structure or erection, the
height of which is 150 metres or more above
ground level.

19. En-route Obstacle Lighting Unit

20. Aircraft Landing Lights
35 0r 50watt Halogen
12/14v DC 3200 or
5300 lumens

21. CAP393 Air Navigation:The Order and Regulations
Lights liable to endanger
221 (1) A person must not exhibit in the United Kingdom any light
which:
(a) by reason of its glare is liable to endanger aircraft taking off
from or landing at an
aerodrome; or
(b) by reason of its liability to be mistaken for an aeronautical
ground light is liable to
endanger aircraft.
(2) If any light which appears to the CAA to be a light described in
paragraph (1) is exhibited,
the CAA may direct the person who is the occupier of the place
where the light is
exhibited or who has charge of the light, to take such steps within a
reasonable time as
are specified in the direction:
(a) to extinguish or screen the light; and
(b) to prevent in the future the exhibition of any other light which
may similarly
endanger aircraft.

22. A lighting designers responsibilities under BS 5489-1:2013
7.8.2 Lighting in the vicinity of aerodromes
7.8.2.1 General
NOTE 1 The Civil Aviation Act 1982 [45], Section 105
specifically defines an aerodrome as any area of land or
water designed, equipped, set apart or commonly used for
affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft
and includes any area or space, whether on the ground, on
the roof of a building or elsewhere, which is designed,
equipped, and set apart for affording facilities for the landing
and departure of aircraft capable of descending or climbing
vertically.

23. A lighting designers responsibilities under BS 5489-1:2013
NOTE 2 Attention is drawn to the Air Navigation Order 2000 [46], Article 110 in
respect of lights that might affect aircraft. A light can endanger aircraft when:
a)the intensity causes glare in the direction of an approaching aircraft;
b) the colour (e.g. advertising signs) causes it to be mistaken for an
aeronautical light;
c) viewed from the air, lights make a pattern (e.g. a row of street lights)
similar to an approach or runway lighting pattern;
d) the overall amount of illumination near the approach to a runway
detracts from the effectiveness of the visual aids provided by the
aerodrome for use by
aircraft, particularly in poor visibility conditions.
Road lighting can present a hazard due to the effect of lighting upon the pilot’s
visual picture or due to the creation of physical obstacles within the airspace
manoeuvring area around the aerodrome. A road lighting scheme could
prejudice the safe movement of aircraft on either or both grounds. Each issue
should be addressed separately and appropriate measures taken to minimize
any hazards identified.

24. Moving forward – Energy saving with LED Technologies

25. Moving forward – Energy saving with LED Technologies