"Pleasure is the good" by Epicurus
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Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher who founded the philosophy of Epicureanism. He believed that pleasure is the highest good and that death should not be feared. Epicurean ethics are based on hedonism and seeking to avoid pain. Epicurus emphasized finding calm pleasures of the soul rather than intense physical pleasures. He believed that by limiting desires to only natural and necessary ones, one could achieve ataraxia and aponia, the highest forms of happiness and freedom from pain. Justice was seen as a social contract to avoid harming others so that people are free to pursue pleasure.
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Epicurus on the happy life
This document provides an overview of the philosophy of Epicurus, including his views on epistemology, physics, the soul, death, and the best life for humans. According to the summary:
1) Epicurus was an empiricist who believed that knowledge comes from sensory experience and introspection. He viewed reality as consisting of material bodies and void.
2) Epicurus believed that the gods did not control the universe and that the soul was made of atoms. He argued in his Letter to Menoeceus that we should not fear death.
3) Epicurus viewed pleasure, particularly static pleasure and the lack of pain, as the highest good and goal of life. He advocated cultivating natural
Epicurus
Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived from 341-271 BCE. He developed an atomic theory of the universe where all things are made up of invisible atoms moving through empty space. He believed that atoms have properties like size, shape, weight and a tendency to move downward, with occasional random sideways swerves. Epicurus taught that we should seek to attain pleasure and avoid pain by limiting our desires and removing fear of death. His philosophy emphasized materialism, empiricism and hedonism. Epicurean communities flourished for centuries after his death.
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Hello Yudans! Welcome to the first slides on Epicurus published also in my Youtube Channel the "Yummy Yuda" entitled, "Epicurus an Introduction". In this slides/episode I will introduce to you Epicurus in 26 slides/10 minutes. Yudans you will learn how Epicurus becomes a Philosopher, his school the Garden, his dictum the "Live Unseen", the basics of his philosophy, and many more. For more learnings on philosophy and philosophers visit my youtube channel the Yummy Yuda.
For more discussion go to: https://youtu.be/8CBvab3mNzo
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ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY: PRE-SOCRATICS
The document discusses ancient Greek philosophers who lived before Socrates, known as the Pre-Socratics. Three philosophers from Miletus - Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes - believed the basic substance of the universe was water, infinity, and air respectively. Parmenides argued that change and motion are illusions and all is permanent. Heraclitus believed all is in flux. Empedocles said nature's source cannot be a single element. Anaxagoras believed seeds were ordered by intelligence. Pythagoras and his followers studied mathematics and believed the universe followed musical and numerical laws, discovering the Pythagorean theorem relating triangle side lengths.
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This document provides an overview of medieval philosophy with a focus on faith and religion. It discusses:
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- St. Thomas Aquinas believed faith and reason were compatible. He developed proofs for God's existence and emphasized virtues. His Summas organized theological knowledge through logic.
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This document provides an overview of the philosophy of Epicurus, including his views on epistemology, physics, the soul, death, and the best life for humans. According to the summary:
1) Epicurus was an empiricist who believed that knowledge comes from sensory experience and introspection. He viewed reality as consisting of material bodies and void.
2) Epicurus believed that the gods did not control the universe and that the soul was made of atoms. He argued in his Letter to Menoeceus that we should not fear death.
3) Epicurus viewed pleasure, particularly static pleasure and the lack of pain, as the highest good and goal of life. He advocated cultivating natural
Epicurus
Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived from 341-271 BCE. He developed an atomic theory of the universe where all things are made up of invisible atoms moving through empty space. He believed that atoms have properties like size, shape, weight and a tendency to move downward, with occasional random sideways swerves. Epicurus taught that we should seek to attain pleasure and avoid pain by limiting our desires and removing fear of death. His philosophy emphasized materialism, empiricism and hedonism. Epicurean communities flourished for centuries after his death.
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For more discussion go to: https://youtu.be/8CBvab3mNzo
For inspiring daily quotes: https://twitter.com/Powerpreacher1
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This document provides an overview of medieval philosophy with a focus on faith and religion. It discusses:
- St. Augustine's views on faith being personal and internal while religion is external and can change. He emphasized that humans find true happiness only in God.
- St. Thomas Aquinas believed faith and reason were compatible. He developed proofs for God's existence and emphasized virtues. His Summas organized theological knowledge through logic.
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In its time, particularly after the death of Alexander the Great, Stoicism was a very
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Christianity replaced it. Stoicism, as a philosophy, has been refined and developed over time
from its initiation by Zeno (3rd century BCE), who is supposed to have lectured from a
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the Great extended the Macedonian empire and began the process that dispersed Greek
language and civilization throughout the Mediterranean. The period of transition from
Greek city-states to an empire is known as the Hellenistic period. These changes to Greek
civilization were influential because Greek philosophy became widely available throughout
the region. The city-states were replaced by imperial rule. This change seemed to make
much of the work of Plato and Aristotle on ethics and politics obsolete because now
philosophers began to see themselves as part of a single enterprise rather than as
representing the individual city-states.
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community of small city-states, but this form of social organization no longer existed.
Questions were now asked about how virtue would apply in this new age. It was thought
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political and social life of the city continued, but the close relationships between individuals
as well as the social life of the city had changed. In response to these dislocations, new
religions arose in an attempt to give individuals a new sense of citizenship. As well, some
turned to philosophy instead of religion, and this led to the development of the schools of
Epicureanism and Stoicism.
The Stoics reacted to the collapse of the closed social system of the city-states by offering
advice to individuals in what for them was a crumbling world. Although Stoicism is a
complex moral theory, the basic principle advocated by Stoics is that one should learn to be
indifferent to external differences. Many of the writings of the early and later Stoics have
disappeared, but among those remaining are the writings of Epictetus, who began life as a
Roman slave. He advocated a philosophy of indifference, believing that this practice would
constitute ...
0495603821 150634
The Stoics believed that true happiness comes from detachment from external things and controlling one's attitudes rather than circumstances. Key Stoic philosophers included Epictetus, who taught that we can only control our reactions, and Marcus Aurelius, the Roman emperor who found wisdom in accepting what is beyond our control. Stoicism teaches that by focusing on inner peace over pleasure or pain, one can be content under any conditions.
Hellenism RPC
1. Hellenism refers to the period following the conquests of Alexander the Great when Greek culture spread widely. Major philosophies that developed during this time included Epicureanism, Stoicism, and Neoplatonism.
2. The Stoics believed that virtue was the only true good and that people should accept external events, like sickness and death, which follow natural laws. The Epicureans aimed to attain the highest possible sensory pleasure and avoid pain.
3. Neoplatonism revived Plato's philosophy and emphasized dividing the soul from the body. Plotinus believed the world spans between the divine light of God and absolute darkness, with mysticism involving merging with the divine.
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This document outlines a presentation on the teachings and philosophy of Epicurus. It will explore Epicurus's life, core tenets of seeking pleasure and avoiding pain, his perspective on death, and the enduring legacy of his emphasis on friendship and ethics guiding one to tranquility. Modern relevance is discussed, with Epicurus continuing to inspire with wisdom on finding happiness in today's complex world. The conclusion reaffirms his philosophy's ability to cultivate fulfillment and peace.
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Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher who established a school known as "The Garden" to study achieving happiness through modest pleasures. He advocated that people can attain peace and freedom from fear and pain by living self-sufficiently surrounded by friends. Epicurus' philosophy of Epicureanism is outlined in his Letter to Menoeceus, teaching that the greatest good is seeking modest pleasure through tranquility rather than political involvement or social hierarchies.
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John Locke was an influential philosopher whose principles of individual freedom and equal rights under the law influenced Thomas Jefferson and the founding of America. Locke advocated for government with the consent of the governed and believed people had natural rights to life, liberty, and property. His liberal political theory helped establish democratic ideals in the modern world. Epicurus advocated for living wisely, well, and justly according to the Golden Rule of avoiding harming others. He believed in pursuing pleasure but avoiding overindulgence. Zeno founded Stoicism which taught developing mental strength and controlling emotions through avoiding desire and accepting life's necessities. Avicenna was an influential philosopher and physician in medieval Persia whose works covered logic, science, and medicine
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The document discusses Egyptian beliefs about medicine, which was closely tied to their religious beliefs. It describes their theory of channels, where they believed the heart was the center of a network of vessels connecting to all parts of the body. While this led to some understanding of anatomy from the practice of mummification, overall religion limited medical development, as illness was believed to be caused by gods rather than natural causes. Natural treatments were still within a religious context, and further dissection was forbidden which could have expanded anatomical knowledge.
05 greek - hellenestic philosophy
This document summarizes several ancient Greek philosophical schools of thought that emerged after Aristotle, including Stoicism, Epicureanism, Skepticism, and Cynicism. Stoicism, founded by Zeno, emphasized living according to nature, accepting what is outside one's control, and maintaining a rational state of mind. Epicureanism, founded by Epicurus, promoted moderate pleasure and withdrawal from politics to focus on friendship. Skepticism, founded by Pyrrho, involved suspending judgment and doubting dogmatic claims. Cynicism rejected social conventions in favor of self-sufficiency and minimal desires. These schools reflected different approaches to ethics, politics, and understanding the natural world in the unstable post-Classical era.
Ethical theories[1]
Ethics is the philosophical study of morality and seeks to understand concepts like good, evil, right, wrong and justice. There are differing views on the source and nature of morality. Objectivists believe morality is objective and stems from supernatural beings or natural laws, while subjectivists see it as subjective and based on human rationality. Major ethical theories discussed include utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics and ethical relativism. Different theories provide various approaches to determining what constitutes moral and ethical behavior.
Human-Flourishing-and-Science-and-Technology.pptx
This document discusses human flourishing in relation to science and technology from several perspectives. It explores philosophical views of human flourishing from Aristotle and other ancient thinkers. It also examines the concept of human flourishing from a Christian perspective based on ideas in the Old and New Testaments. Additionally, it outlines a socio-psychological perspective on human flourishing and well-being based on the work of Carol Ryff involving six key components.
Media Text
The document provides an overview comparing three ancient Roman philosophies - Epicureanism, Stoicism, and Neo-Platonism - on their perspectives of the purpose of life, existence of God, and existence of the soul. Epicureanism viewed the purpose as securing tranquility through pleasure. They did not believe in God but devised a way to explain the gods. They believed the soul was mortal. Stoicism saw the purpose as pursuing virtue. They believed God was the universe itself. They also believed in the soul. Neo-Platonism viewed the purpose as approaching the true reality to be prepared for the afterlife. They supported gods' existence but saw them as separate. They discussed "The One"
Ethics Aristotle, Aquinas and Others....
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It was copied from greek medicine .net for personal reading..
it will help u 2 trace retrospectively to origin of medicine
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"Pleasure is the good" by Epicurus
- 1. Chapter 19 โpleasure is the goodโ by Epicurus Bryan David 20191000061
- 2. About the author Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher and sage who founded a highly influential school of philosophy now called Epicureanism. He was born on the Greek island of Samos to Athenian parents Diogene laetius the roman historian who lived five centuries later noted that Epicurus wrote extensively on physics, ethics, and religion (341-271 BCE)
- 3. About the work On his view although the universe is unbounded space and time, the soul is bound and distributed throughout the body which disintegrates at death. Epicurus was a hedonist, meaning he taught that what is pleasurable is morally good and what is painful is morally evil The Epicurean ethics of sometimes popularly confused with the hedonism of the Cyrenaics since both philosophies believes pleasure is the greatest good. However, Epicurus emphasized a calm and tranquil life based on pleasures of the soul rather than pleasures of the body
- 4. Why is death not to be feared? It is right then for a man to consider which produce happiness, since, if happiness is present, we have everything, and when it is absent , we do everything with a few to possess it. Epicurus explains that people seek wealth and power on account of these fears, believing that having more money, prestige, or political clout will save them from death He, however, maintains that death is the end of existence, that the terrifying stories of punishment in the afterlife are ridiculous superstitions, and that death is therefore nothing to be feared
- 5. Epicureanism Epicureanism bases its ethics on a hedonistic set of values. In the most basic sense, Epicureans see pleasure as the purpose of life. As evidence for this, Epicureans say that nature seems to command us to avoid pain, and they point out that all animals try to avoid pain as much as possible. and the focus of their ethics was on the avoidance of pain rather than seeking out pleasure. Physical pleasures: โช Pleasures of the body โช Kinetic pleasures Mental pleasures: โช Pleasures of the mind โช Katastematic pleasures
- 6. Pleasures of the body Pleasures of the mind Kinetic pleasures Katastematic pleasures These pleasures involve sensations of the body, such as the act of eating delicious food Kinetic pleasure describes the physical or mental pleasures that involve action or change. feelings of joy, the lack of fear, and pleasant memories are all examples of pleasures of the mind. Katastematic pleasure describes the pleasure one feels while in a state without pain https://phys.org/news/2016-10- junk-food-environment.html https://phys.org/news/2016-10- junk-food-environment.html
- 7. Greatest pleasure Epicureans concluded that the greatest pleasure a person could reach was the complete removal of all pain, both physical and mental. In order to do this an Epicurean had to control their desires, because desire itself was seen as painful Epicurus distinguishes three kinds of desires: โช Natural and necessary โช Natural but not necessary โช Not natural nor necessary If one follows only natural and necessary desires, then, according to Epicurus, one would be able to reach aponia and ataraxia and thereby the highest form of happiness
- 8. https://www.eatthis.com/goo d-lunch-habits/ https://www.daraz.com.np/tec hnos/ https://www.phocuswire.com/ Concur-research-last- minute-travel Natural and necessary Natural but not necessary Not Natural nor necessary
- 9. justice โช Epicurus was also an early thinker to develop the notion of justice as a social contract. He defined justice as an agreement made by people not to harm each other.The point of living in a society with laws and punishments is to be protected from harm so that one is free to pursue happiness. โช Because of this, laws that do not contribute to promoting human happiness are not just. Eg: the village chief and the villager agree to make a punishment for those who not throw a garbage in the trash can
- 10. Thank you