This document discusses biosphere reserves and forest research institutes in India. It defines biosphere reserves as protected areas where people and nature coexist sustainably. India has 18 biosphere reserves that help conserve biodiversity through a core protected zone surrounded by buffer and transition zones where controlled activities are allowed. Biosphere reserves aim to balance conservation, development, and research. The document also lists several forest research institutes in India and provides references for further information.
Different management approaches to protected areas of nepalAnandJha108
The document discusses different management approaches used for protected areas in Nepal. It outlines 6 categories of protected areas defined by IUCN and describes the distinguishing features of categories II, IV, and VI, which are applied in Nepal. Some key management practices discussed include preparation and implementation of species conservation plans, population monitoring, translocation of wildlife, community involvement through buffer zones, and addressing challenges like human-wildlife conflict. The conclusion states that management has shifted from species to landscape conservation with community involvement.
The Sunderbans National Park is located in the Ganges delta region of India and Bangladesh. It is the largest mangrove forest in the world and provides habitat for over 400 Bengal tigers, as well as many other species. In 1984, the area was declared a National Park in India to help protect its diverse ecosystem and wildlife.
The Application of IUCN Categories for Protected Areas in Sabah, MalaysiaJunaidi Payne
This document provides a recommended master list of protected areas in Sabah, Malaysia categorized according to IUCN definitions. It analyzed guidelines for protected area identification and reviewed land tenure issues to determine areas suitable for protection. Ninety-three protected areas covering 1,174,398 hectares were identified, representing about 16% of Sabah's land. The majority are government-owned reserves established under land, parks, wildlife, or forest legislation. The categorization of Forest Reserves, which make up 45% of Sabah's land area, was most challenging. The document recommends periodic review and amendment of the protected areas list.
PRESENTATION ON Biosphere reserves of India
A Biosphere Reserve is an ecosystem with plants and animals of unusual scientific and natural interest. It is a title given by UNESCO to help protect the sites.
Provincial and local forest policy reviewAnandJha108
This document provides an overview and outline of a term paper on provincial and local forest policy in Nepal. It introduces federalism and how forest ownership and management is structured in Nepal under its federal system. It then outlines some key acts, policies, and plans related to forests and the environment in Nepal. It discusses the provincial and local forest policy structure, including the roles and responsibilities of different levels of government. It also notes some provisions, opportunities, and areas of duplication or contradiction between policies.
This document discusses biosphere reserves and forest research institutes in India. It defines biosphere reserves as protected areas where people and nature coexist sustainably. India has 18 biosphere reserves that help conserve biodiversity through a core protected zone surrounded by buffer and transition zones where controlled activities are allowed. Biosphere reserves aim to balance conservation, development, and research. The document also lists several forest research institutes in India and provides references for further information.
Different management approaches to protected areas of nepalAnandJha108
The document discusses different management approaches used for protected areas in Nepal. It outlines 6 categories of protected areas defined by IUCN and describes the distinguishing features of categories II, IV, and VI, which are applied in Nepal. Some key management practices discussed include preparation and implementation of species conservation plans, population monitoring, translocation of wildlife, community involvement through buffer zones, and addressing challenges like human-wildlife conflict. The conclusion states that management has shifted from species to landscape conservation with community involvement.
The Sunderbans National Park is located in the Ganges delta region of India and Bangladesh. It is the largest mangrove forest in the world and provides habitat for over 400 Bengal tigers, as well as many other species. In 1984, the area was declared a National Park in India to help protect its diverse ecosystem and wildlife.
The Application of IUCN Categories for Protected Areas in Sabah, MalaysiaJunaidi Payne
This document provides a recommended master list of protected areas in Sabah, Malaysia categorized according to IUCN definitions. It analyzed guidelines for protected area identification and reviewed land tenure issues to determine areas suitable for protection. Ninety-three protected areas covering 1,174,398 hectares were identified, representing about 16% of Sabah's land. The majority are government-owned reserves established under land, parks, wildlife, or forest legislation. The categorization of Forest Reserves, which make up 45% of Sabah's land area, was most challenging. The document recommends periodic review and amendment of the protected areas list.
PRESENTATION ON Biosphere reserves of India
A Biosphere Reserve is an ecosystem with plants and animals of unusual scientific and natural interest. It is a title given by UNESCO to help protect the sites.
Provincial and local forest policy reviewAnandJha108
This document provides an overview and outline of a term paper on provincial and local forest policy in Nepal. It introduces federalism and how forest ownership and management is structured in Nepal under its federal system. It then outlines some key acts, policies, and plans related to forests and the environment in Nepal. It discusses the provincial and local forest policy structure, including the roles and responsibilities of different levels of government. It also notes some provisions, opportunities, and areas of duplication or contradiction between policies.
Biosphere reserve and marine national parkChhotokisku
The document discusses biosphere reserves and their importance. Some key points:
- Biosphere reserves were first established in 1979 under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere program to reconcile conservation and sustainable development.
- They contain three zones - core, buffer, and transition - with varying levels of protection and human activity.
- India has established 18 biosphere reserves to represent ecosystems and conserve biodiversity while allowing sustainable use of resources.
- Biosphere reserves provide benefits like research, education, sustainable resource management and resolving land use conflicts.
The document discusses the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and its protected areas. Specifically:
- The IUCN was founded in 1948 and has over 900 member organizations in 133 countries working to conserve biodiversity.
- It defines protected areas as dedicated land or sea areas managed to protect biodiversity and natural/cultural resources.
- There are six categories of protected area management defined by the IUCN, including strict nature reserves, wilderness areas, and national parks.
- In Pakistan, the three categories of protected areas are national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and game reserves.
Protected areas for the 21st century: Lessons from UNDP /GEF’s PortfolioUNDP Eurasia
Protected areas need to change to meet 21st century challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and development goals. They must be planned and financed collaboratively, provide ecosystem services, and connect habitats. UNDP/GEF has established over 100 million hectares of protected lands, strengthening over 450 existing areas. Protected areas store carbon, provide water, alleviate poverty, and conserve biodiversity, so integrated planning is needed to balance these benefits. True protected area value must be understood to increase commitment and finance landscape-scale resilience.
1.Central Karakoram National Park
2.Deosai National Park
3.Kirthar National Park
4.K2 National Park
5.Khunjerab National Park
6.Hingol National Park
7.Broghil Valley National Park
8.Laal Suhanra National Park
9.Qurumber National Park
10.Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta National Park
11.Ayub National Park
powerpoint presentation in situ conservationtharamttc
This document discusses in-situ conservation and provides examples of wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Kerala that help conserve wildlife in their natural habitats. Wildlife sanctuaries are forest areas declared as protected areas to prevent wildlife extinction by protecting habitats. Peppara, Periyar, and Wayanad are examples of wildlife sanctuaries in Kerala. National parks are designed to protect wildlife along with natural resources and geographical features. Eravikulam, Silent Valley, Anamudi shola, Mathikettan shola, and Pampadum shola are national parks in Kerala that support in-situ conservation efforts.
This document discusses national parks and biosphere reserves, which are areas designated for conservation. It provides details on:
- National parks aim to conserve scenery, natural features, and wildlife by prohibiting private rights and certain activities. They range in size from 0.04 to 3,162 km2.
- Biosphere reserves represent undisturbed ecosystems and include core, buffer, and other zones. They are established under UNESCO's MAB program to conserve biodiversity and genetic diversity.
- India has many national parks across its states that protect important ecosystems, as well as 10 designated biosphere reserves that qualify criteria around representation, genetic diversity, and research opportunities.
presentation on Hilly Forest of BangladeshAriful Hasan
The document summarizes a presentation by group 'Shegun' on the hilly forests of Bangladesh. It defines forests and describes the three types in Bangladesh. It focuses on hilly forests, which make up over half the country's forests. The presentation covers the location and size of hilly forests, their climate and species composition, tribal communities, important products, the forests' significance, causes of degradation, conservation efforts, and management approaches.
Detailed study of 7 biodiversity Parks of Delhi. Namely Yamnuna, Aravali, Tughlaqabad, Kamla Nehru, Tilapath, South Biodiversity Parks.
Contributed by Yash Sakhuja, Chandni Kalyani, Anandita Doda, Harshit Kapoor and Srivatsa.
Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi.
This document establishes the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) in the Philippines to protect biologically and ecologically important lands and waters. It defines different categories of protected areas such as national parks, natural monuments, wildlife sanctuaries, and establishes 8 types of protected areas. It outlines the management and administration of protected areas by the DENR and regional offices, and prohibitions within protected areas to protect natural resources and biodiversity.
Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large areas of terrestrial or coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination of both.
Biosphere Reserves tries to balance economic and social development and maintenance of associated cultural values along with the preservation of nature.
Biosphere Reserves are thus special environments for both people and nature and are living examples of how human beings and nature can co-exist while respecting each others’ needs.
A site must contain a protected and minimally disturbed core area of value of nature conservation.
Core area must be a bio-geographical unit and should be large enough to sustain a viable populations representing all trophic levels.
The involvement of local communities and use of their knowledge in biodiversity preservation.
Areas potential for preservation of traditional tribal or rural modes of living for harmonious use of the environment.
Biosphere in india ppt BSC 1st Year, Mumbai University for Zoology.Rajnish Prajapati
Here you will learn about Biosphere reserves in India ppt.
content:-
Introduction
Criteria for Designation of Biosphere Reserve
List of biosphere reserves India
Structure for biosphere reserves
Potential sites
References
External links
You can submit this ppt as Zoology project in your college.
Chitral Gol National Park is located in Chitral District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan along the Chitral River. The park covers an area of 7,750 hectares and was established in 1984. It is home to diverse wildlife including the endangered Markhor goat, with estimates of the Markhor population being 100-125 in 1970 and 650 more recently. The park provides shelter for many species and is important for biodiversity conservation in the region.
Qurumber national park ghizer gilgit baltistan, pakistanDanial Ahmed
Zoology
Wildlife
Wildlife Of Pakistan
National Parks
National Parks Of Pakistan
Qurumber National Park Ghizer, Gilgit Baltistan
Wildlife of Gilgit Baltistan
Biodiversity Of Gilgit Baltistan
Biodiversity Of Ghizer
Biodiversity Of Pakistan
Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India, established in 1936 to protect Bengal tigers. Located in Uttarakhand, it covers over 500 square kilometers and contains diverse flora and fauna, including over 600 bird species. The park aims to promote ecotourism but faces challenges from increasing visitor numbers and other threats to its ecological balance.
The document discusses several State Reserves in Azerbaijan, providing brief descriptions of each one. They were created between 1925-2004 for purposes like preserving natural ecosystems, rare and endangered species of flora and fauna, and preventing soil erosion. The reserves described are Geygel, Gizilagach, Zagatala, Turyanchaysky, Pirgulinsky, Shirvan, Garayazinsky, Basitchaysky, Ismayilli, Gara, Ilisu, Shahbuz, and Eldar Pine Tree.
Protected forests in India were introduced in 1927 to protect forests and resident species from further depletion. There are two types of protected areas - reserved forests where all activities are banned unless permitted, and protected forests where some local community access is allowed. India has over 100 national parks, 440 wildlife sanctuaries, 48 tiger reserves, and 18 biosphere reserves to protect forests and wildlife. The Indian Forest Act of 1927 provides legal guidelines for declaring and managing reserved and protected forests throughout India.
The document discusses protected areas in the Philippines as established under the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992. It notes that there are 112 protected areas covering over 3.5 million hectares, including 29 marine protected areas, 83 terrestrial protected areas, and various natural parks, protected landscapes, watershed reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries. The protected areas help conserve the country's unique biodiversity and natural resources in accordance with international agreements.
This powerpoint presentation is created by Gyanbikash.com for the students of class nine to ten from their English first part NCTB textbook for multimedia class.
Sundarban, the mangrobe forest which is great natural beauty of Bangladesh .This presentation shows the various sites of it at a glance. It is a audio visual presentation by which you can see the present secnario os the mangrove forest.
Detailed account of difference between Biosp[here Reserves and various MPAs were given; MPAs of India were listed with its key biodiversity resources...
This document summarizes information about the Sunderbans Tiger Reserve in India. It notes that the reserve was established in 1973 under Project Tiger to protect the only mangrove forest habitat of tigers in the world. The Sunderbans contains over 4,000 square kilometers of mangrove forest across 56 islands that provide habitat for diverse flora and fauna including the endangered Royal Bengal tiger. The forest faces threats from poaching, illegal logging, industrial development, and climate change impacts like rising sea levels. The management of the reserve focuses on conservation, supporting local communities, research, and developing sustainable livelihoods to reduce pressure on the ecosystem.
Biosphere reserve and marine national parkChhotokisku
The document discusses biosphere reserves and their importance. Some key points:
- Biosphere reserves were first established in 1979 under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere program to reconcile conservation and sustainable development.
- They contain three zones - core, buffer, and transition - with varying levels of protection and human activity.
- India has established 18 biosphere reserves to represent ecosystems and conserve biodiversity while allowing sustainable use of resources.
- Biosphere reserves provide benefits like research, education, sustainable resource management and resolving land use conflicts.
The document discusses the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and its protected areas. Specifically:
- The IUCN was founded in 1948 and has over 900 member organizations in 133 countries working to conserve biodiversity.
- It defines protected areas as dedicated land or sea areas managed to protect biodiversity and natural/cultural resources.
- There are six categories of protected area management defined by the IUCN, including strict nature reserves, wilderness areas, and national parks.
- In Pakistan, the three categories of protected areas are national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and game reserves.
Protected areas for the 21st century: Lessons from UNDP /GEF’s PortfolioUNDP Eurasia
Protected areas need to change to meet 21st century challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and development goals. They must be planned and financed collaboratively, provide ecosystem services, and connect habitats. UNDP/GEF has established over 100 million hectares of protected lands, strengthening over 450 existing areas. Protected areas store carbon, provide water, alleviate poverty, and conserve biodiversity, so integrated planning is needed to balance these benefits. True protected area value must be understood to increase commitment and finance landscape-scale resilience.
1.Central Karakoram National Park
2.Deosai National Park
3.Kirthar National Park
4.K2 National Park
5.Khunjerab National Park
6.Hingol National Park
7.Broghil Valley National Park
8.Laal Suhanra National Park
9.Qurumber National Park
10.Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta National Park
11.Ayub National Park
powerpoint presentation in situ conservationtharamttc
This document discusses in-situ conservation and provides examples of wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Kerala that help conserve wildlife in their natural habitats. Wildlife sanctuaries are forest areas declared as protected areas to prevent wildlife extinction by protecting habitats. Peppara, Periyar, and Wayanad are examples of wildlife sanctuaries in Kerala. National parks are designed to protect wildlife along with natural resources and geographical features. Eravikulam, Silent Valley, Anamudi shola, Mathikettan shola, and Pampadum shola are national parks in Kerala that support in-situ conservation efforts.
This document discusses national parks and biosphere reserves, which are areas designated for conservation. It provides details on:
- National parks aim to conserve scenery, natural features, and wildlife by prohibiting private rights and certain activities. They range in size from 0.04 to 3,162 km2.
- Biosphere reserves represent undisturbed ecosystems and include core, buffer, and other zones. They are established under UNESCO's MAB program to conserve biodiversity and genetic diversity.
- India has many national parks across its states that protect important ecosystems, as well as 10 designated biosphere reserves that qualify criteria around representation, genetic diversity, and research opportunities.
presentation on Hilly Forest of BangladeshAriful Hasan
The document summarizes a presentation by group 'Shegun' on the hilly forests of Bangladesh. It defines forests and describes the three types in Bangladesh. It focuses on hilly forests, which make up over half the country's forests. The presentation covers the location and size of hilly forests, their climate and species composition, tribal communities, important products, the forests' significance, causes of degradation, conservation efforts, and management approaches.
Detailed study of 7 biodiversity Parks of Delhi. Namely Yamnuna, Aravali, Tughlaqabad, Kamla Nehru, Tilapath, South Biodiversity Parks.
Contributed by Yash Sakhuja, Chandni Kalyani, Anandita Doda, Harshit Kapoor and Srivatsa.
Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi.
This document establishes the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) in the Philippines to protect biologically and ecologically important lands and waters. It defines different categories of protected areas such as national parks, natural monuments, wildlife sanctuaries, and establishes 8 types of protected areas. It outlines the management and administration of protected areas by the DENR and regional offices, and prohibitions within protected areas to protect natural resources and biodiversity.
Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large areas of terrestrial or coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination of both.
Biosphere Reserves tries to balance economic and social development and maintenance of associated cultural values along with the preservation of nature.
Biosphere Reserves are thus special environments for both people and nature and are living examples of how human beings and nature can co-exist while respecting each others’ needs.
A site must contain a protected and minimally disturbed core area of value of nature conservation.
Core area must be a bio-geographical unit and should be large enough to sustain a viable populations representing all trophic levels.
The involvement of local communities and use of their knowledge in biodiversity preservation.
Areas potential for preservation of traditional tribal or rural modes of living for harmonious use of the environment.
Biosphere in india ppt BSC 1st Year, Mumbai University for Zoology.Rajnish Prajapati
Here you will learn about Biosphere reserves in India ppt.
content:-
Introduction
Criteria for Designation of Biosphere Reserve
List of biosphere reserves India
Structure for biosphere reserves
Potential sites
References
External links
You can submit this ppt as Zoology project in your college.
Chitral Gol National Park is located in Chitral District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan along the Chitral River. The park covers an area of 7,750 hectares and was established in 1984. It is home to diverse wildlife including the endangered Markhor goat, with estimates of the Markhor population being 100-125 in 1970 and 650 more recently. The park provides shelter for many species and is important for biodiversity conservation in the region.
Qurumber national park ghizer gilgit baltistan, pakistanDanial Ahmed
Zoology
Wildlife
Wildlife Of Pakistan
National Parks
National Parks Of Pakistan
Qurumber National Park Ghizer, Gilgit Baltistan
Wildlife of Gilgit Baltistan
Biodiversity Of Gilgit Baltistan
Biodiversity Of Ghizer
Biodiversity Of Pakistan
Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India, established in 1936 to protect Bengal tigers. Located in Uttarakhand, it covers over 500 square kilometers and contains diverse flora and fauna, including over 600 bird species. The park aims to promote ecotourism but faces challenges from increasing visitor numbers and other threats to its ecological balance.
The document discusses several State Reserves in Azerbaijan, providing brief descriptions of each one. They were created between 1925-2004 for purposes like preserving natural ecosystems, rare and endangered species of flora and fauna, and preventing soil erosion. The reserves described are Geygel, Gizilagach, Zagatala, Turyanchaysky, Pirgulinsky, Shirvan, Garayazinsky, Basitchaysky, Ismayilli, Gara, Ilisu, Shahbuz, and Eldar Pine Tree.
Protected forests in India were introduced in 1927 to protect forests and resident species from further depletion. There are two types of protected areas - reserved forests where all activities are banned unless permitted, and protected forests where some local community access is allowed. India has over 100 national parks, 440 wildlife sanctuaries, 48 tiger reserves, and 18 biosphere reserves to protect forests and wildlife. The Indian Forest Act of 1927 provides legal guidelines for declaring and managing reserved and protected forests throughout India.
The document discusses protected areas in the Philippines as established under the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992. It notes that there are 112 protected areas covering over 3.5 million hectares, including 29 marine protected areas, 83 terrestrial protected areas, and various natural parks, protected landscapes, watershed reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries. The protected areas help conserve the country's unique biodiversity and natural resources in accordance with international agreements.
This powerpoint presentation is created by Gyanbikash.com for the students of class nine to ten from their English first part NCTB textbook for multimedia class.
Sundarban, the mangrobe forest which is great natural beauty of Bangladesh .This presentation shows the various sites of it at a glance. It is a audio visual presentation by which you can see the present secnario os the mangrove forest.
Detailed account of difference between Biosp[here Reserves and various MPAs were given; MPAs of India were listed with its key biodiversity resources...
This document summarizes information about the Sunderbans Tiger Reserve in India. It notes that the reserve was established in 1973 under Project Tiger to protect the only mangrove forest habitat of tigers in the world. The Sunderbans contains over 4,000 square kilometers of mangrove forest across 56 islands that provide habitat for diverse flora and fauna including the endangered Royal Bengal tiger. The forest faces threats from poaching, illegal logging, industrial development, and climate change impacts like rising sea levels. The management of the reserve focuses on conservation, supporting local communities, research, and developing sustainable livelihoods to reduce pressure on the ecosystem.
Biotechnology can be used to help conserve biodiversity through various methods. Molecular marker technology allows studying genetic variations within species to identify mutations. Plant DNA banks preserve genetic material. Unconventional methods like micropropagation and organogenesis are used for conservation. Molecular pharming produces pharmaceuticals. Ex-situ conservation involves protecting species outside their natural habitats. Nepal has established various protected areas like national parks, wildlife reserves, conservation areas, and buffer zones covering over 18% of the country's land to aid in biodiversity conservation according to the legal framework provided. These protected areas help conserve threatened species and habitats and set conservation targets.
The document discusses conservation efforts in the Western Ghats region of India, which contains high biodiversity. It describes the Western Ghats' ecology, protected areas that have been established, and ongoing threats such as industry, roads, agriculture, and tourism. Conservation schemes implemented by state governments are also summarized, such as the Western Ghats Development Program and Intensification of Forest Management.
Ayubia National Park is a protected area in Abbottabad, Pakistan declared a national park in 1984. It covers an area of 3,312 hectares and is surrounded by villages and towns. The park protects representative moist temperate forest and provides refuge for endangered species like the Asiatic leopard and black bear. Over 200 bird, 31 mammal, and other species inhabit the park. The park aims to conserve biodiversity and provides research and recreation opportunities. Tourism is an important part of the park with over 100,000 annual visitors enjoying hiking trails, picnic areas, and the chairlift.
The document discusses the conservation of the Western Ghats region of India, which contains high biodiversity and endemism. It outlines the parameters used to delineate the region, describes several biosphere reserves and protected areas established to preserve ecosystems in the region. It also discusses the impacts of development activities like industry, roads, agriculture, and tourism on the ecology of the Western Ghats and the policies and schemes established to promote conservation of this ecologically sensitive area.
The biosphere is the global ecosystem inhabited by living organisms and composed of four interacting components: biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. Biosphere reserves are designated by UNESCO to balance conservation and sustainable development. They contain core, buffer, and transition zones and aim to conserve biodiversity while supporting human communities. India has 18 biosphere reserves recognized for representing different ecosystems and landscapes that support millions of plant and animal species.
The document discusses different types of in situ conservation and protected areas in India, including wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves, mangroves, and coral reefs. It provides examples and descriptions of some of India's most important wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, such as Gir Wildlife Sanctuary, Corbett National Park, and Kaziranga National Park. It also summarizes the zones and benefits of biosphere reserves, different types of mangroves found in India, and coral reef ecosystems.
This presentation gives an overview of various wildlife conservation societies, their role and the government's initiative for wildlife conservation in India
In situ conservation involves protecting endangered species within their natural habitats. This may include protecting habitat areas, managing threats to species, and working with local communities. Key aspects of in situ conservation according to the document include establishing protected areas like national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, managing these areas under IUCN categories, and implementing projects to conserve specific species like tigers and elephants within their natural ranges. In situ conservation aims to maintain viable populations of all native species and prevent loss of biodiversity.
India is one of 12 megabiodiverse countries containing around 7-8% of the world's species. It has high biodiversity at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels due to its varied climate, geography and 10 biogeographic zones. India hosts numerous threatened species and is home to 4 of the world's 36 biodiversity hotspots. It has over 100 national parks and 500 wildlife sanctuaries covering 4.7% of its land area and has designated numerous biosphere reserves, Ramsar sites, and UNESCO World Heritage sites to protect its natural heritage.
This document provides an overview of wildlife conservation in India. It defines wildlife and the meaning of conservation. It outlines the benefits of wildlife conservation and threats such as habitat loss and pollution. It describes conservation efforts including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and legal protections. International conservation groups like IUCN are working to document endangered species and guide conservation programs to protect threatened biodiversity. The overall message is that wildlife is an essential part of ecosystems that needs to be preserved through active conservation measures.
Sikkim has tremendous biodiversity despite its small size, harboring over 4,500 plant species, 550 orchids, and hundreds of other flora and fauna species. The state contains rich medicinal plants used traditionally by local people. To conserve this biodiversity, the government of Sikkim has established protected areas, banned grazing and tree felling, declared the state organic, and undertaken biodiversity inventories and education programs. It also supports a ten-year ecotourism project to fund conservation and economic development.
The Convention on Wetlands, also known as the Ramsar Convention, is an intergovernmental treaty established in 1971 to protect wetland habitats. It aims to conserve and promote sustainable use of wetlands globally through local, national, and international cooperation. Key points of the Ramsar Convention include designating Wetlands of International Importance, also called Ramsar sites, promoting wise use of all wetlands, and cooperating on transboundary wetland management. India has designated 37 Ramsar sites covering over 1 million hectares to protect important wetland habitats and species within its territory.
- Natural resources are any stock or reserve that can be drawn from nature. They include air, water, forests, coal, minerals, soil and more.
- Resources are classified as renewable (can regenerate within a given time like forests) or non-renewable (cannot regenerate like coal).
- Forests are a key natural resource that provide timber, fuel, fruits, medicines and help regulate climate, soil and water resources. However, deforestation due to various factors threatens biodiversity and the environment.
This is the presentation made by me during our visit to Science express when it was stationed in Patna as part of our project in which we had to make a presentation.
This document outlines the members of a group project and provides details about the Yamuna Biodiversity Park in Delhi, India. It discusses the park's origins, features, zones, and goals of protecting biodiversity and the Yamuna River basin. Key points include that the park was created on formerly flooded land near the Yamuna River, it contains different habitat zones like wetlands and forests, and its aims are conservation, education, and providing green space for the community.
This document summarizes the local vegetation of Pakistan. It is divided into five main categories based on climate, altitude, and plant types: 1) Dry tropical forest vegetation, 2) Dry sub-tropical sub-mountainous vegetation, 3) Dry temperate forests vegetation, 4) Moist temperature forest vegetation, 5) Sub-alpine and alpine vegetation. Each category is further divided and descriptions of location, climate, soils, flora, uses, and economic importance are provided for various forest types such as tropical thorn forests, riverine tract forests, and sandy tract vegetation.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...Travis Hills MN
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Plant genetic resources of kpk
1. NAME: MUHAMMAD LUQMAN
ROLL NUMBER: 649
FBAS/BSBT/F14
TOPIC: PLANT GENETIC
RESOURCE OF KHYBER PAKHTUN
KHWA
2. WHAT ARE PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES?
• Genetic resources are, according to the international convention
for biodiversity, living material that includes genes of present
and potential value for humans. Plant genetic resources includes
all our agricultural crops and even some of their wild relatives
because they too often have valuable traits.
3. THE NEED TO CONSERVE
A lot of plant resources are being lost through the activities of man
and natural hazards
These includes:-
• Farming activities (slash and burn)
• Construction
• Bush fire
• Introduction of improved or new verities
4. INTRODUCTION
• Pakistan has developed its Biodiversity Action Plan in 2000,
• which has recently been updated as the National Biodiversity
Strategy and Action Plan1 as a policy
• to conserve biodiversity.
• The KPBSAP is closely linked to the NBSAP and contributes to the
Aichi Biodiversity Targets (Annex 1) so
• that it remains coherent within the national and global eco-
atmosphere.
5. STEPS
Taking guidance from the CBD2, the KP-BSAP comprises of:
• 1. A Biodiversity Strategy with a vision, statement of principles, defined goals, and a set of
targets to help guide implementation; and
• 2. A Biodiversity Action Plan that identifies priority actions and clearly outlines how these
will be implemented, including expected timelines, monitoring and reporting, and the
roles and responsibilities of the institutions and stakeholders involved. The action plan
also includes a framework for mobilising necessary funding and a communication
strategy to support the implementation of the KP-BSAP.
6. PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF KP-BSAP
• a. A brief assessment of the conservation status of species
within specified ecosystems;
• b. Creation of targets for conservation and restoration of most
threatened species; and
• c. Establishing budgets, timelines, and institutional
partnerships for implementing the KPBSAP.
7. CLIMATE
• It has a wide range of climatic conditions from a lowest of -14
°C in the north to the highest of 51
°C in the south.
The province also has a wide
range of precipitation for as low
as 130 mm per annum in the
southern districts to around
3200 mm in the northern parts
8. LAND OF KPK
Agricultural Land
29.87%
Alpine Pastures
8.72%
Rangelands shrubs
10.67% 7.16%
Snow & Glaciers
10.92%
Oak
Forest
1.12%
Sub-tropical Chir
Pine
2.92%
9. ECOSYSTEM
• Khyber Pakhtunkhwa experiences many types of climates, ranging
from arid to humid and from continental to Alpine and polar.
• Major part of the province’s area in the north and south is arid.
• Only a small patch comes under humid and sub-humid climatic
influence for monsoon showers and the central part is generally
semiarid.
• The higher Alpine and tundra climatic situation is found in the
interior of the high mountain valleys near the glaciated areas.
10. • The province is divided into seven physiographic regions while
the land cover map shows a wide variety of physical and
biological resources
11.
12. Cold desert and snowfields
Consists of a variety of habitats located in northern most Hindu Kush Mountain
region in Chitral with xerophytes, predominantly composed of dwarf and stunted
trees of juniper (Juniperus communis), and Salix denticulata. Precipitation is
mainly
in the form of snow in the winter months with no or little rains during monsoon.
Major fauna include Himalayan ibex (Capra ibex sibirica), lynx (Felis lynx), and
snow
leopard (Panthera uncia).
13. • Steppe pine forest ecosystem
• Distributed in lower valleys of Chitral, Kohistan, and parts of Dir
above an elevation of 4000 m with dominant tree species junipers
(Juniperus macropoda, J. polycarpus), wild pistachio (Pistacia
integrima), chilghoza (Pinus gerardiana), and blue pine
(Pinuswallichiana). Dominant fauna includes markhor (Capra
falconeri), and Royle’s pika
(Ochotona roylei).
14. SOME OTHER ECOSYSTEMS
• Alpine meadows
• Sub-Alpine scrub and birch ecosystems
• Dry temperate coniferous forest ecosystem
• Himalayan moist Temperate coniferous forest ecosystem
• Sub-Tropical pine forest ecosystem
• Dry sub-Tropical semi evergreen scrub ecosystem
• The Western Himalayan Temperate Forests in Palas Valley of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa are one of the Global 20017 priority ecoregions, which
contain numerous plant species found nowhere else on Earth. Rich in
montaneous plants
15. NATIONAL PARKS
• A national park is an area set aside by the Government for the protection and
preservation
of its outstanding scenery, flora, and fauna in a natural state. It is accessible to
public for recreation, education
and research. To facilitate public use and recreation, access roads, construction of
rest houses, and hostels are
permitted. Forests and other flora in national parks may be managed and forest
products obtained provided these
activities do not damage natural ecosystem. Firing of any firearm, polluting water,
cleaning of land for cultivation,
disturbance of wild life or their breeding places is prohibited in national parks
which help in the conservation of
biodiversity including wild relatives of crop plants.
16. • Khunjerab National Park was created in 1975 in Northern Areas of Pakistan near
border with China. This area is a place for many native species particularly wild
relatives of crops and some minor fruits. This area is characterized to have
temperate flora.
• Ayubia National Park has been established in 1984 in district Abbottabad of KPK
province. The area has moist temperate vegetation and serving as an important
spot for in situ conservation of flora and fauna. This park is rich in floristic
diversity.it supports temperate coniferous and broad leaf forest. 104 species of
plants.
• Cedrus deodara, blue pine, yew, silver fir, horse chestnut and oak.
• Chitral Gol National Park was also established in 1984 near Chitral in KPK with
an area of 49 480 ha. The particular flora of dry temperate forest in preserved
along with other wild life. This area provides a habitat for the conservation of
many wild fruit species including grapes, walnuts, Rubus, Prunus spp. etc.it also
support cedar trees.
• Shiekh Buddin National Park was established in 1993 in KPK with an area of 15
537 ha. aiming to protect the flora and fauna of the ecosystem.
17. • Saiful Maluk National Park has been established in 2003 in KPK Province with
an area of 4 867 ha.floura includes shrubs, perennials, and herbs
• Laluser National Park has also been established in 2003 in KPK Province over
an area of 30 375 ha.Flora diversity include subalpine coniferous and alpine
shrubs.
• Alchemilla, Androsace, Anemone, Diapensia
• Broghil Valley is a valley and national park located in the upper northern
reaches Chitral District, of Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
• Manglot wild life park :situated in nowshehra. flora of the Manglot Wildlife
Park include scrub forest primarily consisting of the olive trees. Acacia
modesta(keekar), zizyphus nummelaria(kokenbur), olea cuspidate, deodonia
viscose and monothica boxifolia are the predominantly Vegetation of this
park.
18. STORAGE FACILITIES
• Plant Genetic Resources Programme has two types of
conservation facilities i.e. Active collection and Base collection.
• These two types of collection/storage complement each other.
Genebank has the capacity to accommodate 60 000 seed
• samples of 500 g each. The seeds are stored at 5oC and 40 %
relative humidity in active collection, at 0oC for mid term
• storage and -18oC for original samples (base collection).
19. FIELD GENE BANSKS
crops Field gene banks
dates Horticulture Research
Station, D.I. Khan, KPK
Citrus Agricultural Research
Institute, Tarnab,
Peshawar, KPK.
mango
apple Agricultural Research
Station, Mangora, KPK
grapes