The Sundarbans is the largest tidal mangrove forest in the world, spanning approximately 10,000 square kilometers across Bangladesh and India, and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site. It serves as a vital habitat for biodiversity, including an estimated 270 Bengal tigers, and has a rich historical backdrop dating back to 200-300 AD. The region faces challenges such as tiger attacks and relies on water transport for communication among its inhabitants.

1. Welcome

2. This presentation is owned by
ABUL KALAM AZAD PATWARY
Assistant teacher of Lakshmipur govt girls high
school(English)
“for class 9-10”
GyanBikash.com

3. The Sundarbans

5. The Sundarbans (Bengali: সুন্দরবন, Shundorbôn) is a natural
region in Bengal. It is the largest single block of tidal
halophytic mangrove forest in the world.The Sundarbans
covers approximately 10,000 square kilometres
(3,900 sq mi) of which 60 percent is in Bangladesh with the
remainder in India.The Sundarbans is a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.
The Sundarbans National Park is a National Park,Tiger
Reserve, and a Biosphere Reserve located in the
Sundarbans delta in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Sundarbans South, East and West are three protected
forests in Bangladesh.This region is densely covered by
mangrove forests, and is one of the largest reserves for
the Bengal tiger.

7. Village in a clearing of Sundarbans. Drawing by Frederic
Peter Layard after an original sketch of 1839

8. The history of the area can be traced
back to 200–300 AD. A ruin of a city built
by Chand Sadagar has been found in the
Baghmara Forest Block. During the
Mughal period, the Mughal Kings leased
the forests of the Sundarbans to nearby
residents. Many criminals took refuge in
the Sundarbans from the advancing
armies of Emperor Akbar.

9. Map of Sundarbans

10. The Sundarban forest lies in the vast delta on the Bay of
Bengal formed by the super confluence of the Padma,
Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers across southern
Bangladesh.The seasonally flooded Sundarbans
freshwater swamp forests lie inland from the mangrove
forests on the coastal fringe. The forest covers 10,000
square kilometres (3,900 sq mi) of which about 6,000
square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) are in Bangladesh.It
became inscribed as a UNESCO world heritage site in
1997.The Indian part of Sundarbans is estimated to be
about 4,110 square kilometres (1,590 sq mi), of which
about 1,700 square kilometres (660 sq mi) is occupied by
waterbodies in the forms of river, canals and creeks of
width varying from a few meters to several kilometres.

11. A total 245 genera and 334 plant species
were recorded by David Prain in 1903.
While most of the mangroves in other
parts of the world are characterised by
members of the Rhizophoraceae,
Avicenneaceae or Combretaceae, the
mangroves of Bangladesh are
dominated by the Malvaceae and
Euphorbiaceae.

12. Sundari tree (Heritiera littoralis)

13. Golpata (Nypa fruticans)

14. The Sundarbans provides a unique ecosystem
and a rich wildlife habitat. According to the
2011 tiger census, the Sundarbans have
about 270 tigers. Although previous rough
estimates had suggested much higher figures
close to 300, the 2011 census provided the
first ever scientific estimate of tigers from the
areaTiger attacks are frequent in the
Sundarbans. Between 100 and 250 people are
killed per year.

15. Animals….

17. Workers in the Sundarbans wear face
masks on the back of their heads to fool
tigers

18. Chital deers (Axis axis) are widely seen

20. A rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)

22. A largetooth sawfish (Pristis microdon)

23. People of Sundarbans

25. People are waiting for ferryboat
during low tide.Water transport
is the only means of
communication for visiting the
Sundarbans from one area to
another.

26. Honey hunters in the Sundarbans

27. Bonbibi, the goddess of Sundarbans

28. Tourists
visiting the
Sundarbans

29. Thank
You
That’s all for today…