Left hemiplegia is total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the left side of the body, most commonly caused by stroke which damages the right cerebral hemisphere. Symptoms include loss of control over movements, difficulty walking and swallowing, and numbness on the left side of the body. The goals of physiotherapy rehabilitation are to restore lost abilities, prevent complications, and improve quality of life through mobility exercises, activities of daily living training, orthotics, and addressing issues like spasticity, swallowing, and incontinence. Rehabilitation uses both conventional therapies like range of motion exercises and neurophysiological approaches focused on muscle re-education, neurodevelopment, and motor relearning.

1. PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR LEFT
HEMIPLEGIA
Year: 4rd
Tbilisi State Medical University
Furkan Shen
Group: 2

2. Definition
• Hemiplegia is total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same
side of the body.
• Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body.
• Hemiplegia may be congenital or acquired from an illness or stroke
• Brain stroke is the commonest cause of hemiplegia.
• Stroke is among the three most common causes of death and
disability (heart attack and cancer are the other two).
• Other Causes of Hemiplegia (Hyperglycemia,Hyponatremia,Brain
tumor with bleed,Brain abscess,Encephalitis, Meningitis)

3. Symptoms of Hemiplegia
• Left hemiplegia often presents itself after right cerebral hemisphere
damage. It usually presents with Loss of control over purposeful
movements.
• Unable to use objects correctly.
• Unable to draw, comb hair or cook.
• Difficulty in walking.
• Difficulty in swallowing
• Trouble with vision. Blurred vision or weakness of the eyes.
• Speech becomes difficult.
• Numbness, tingling or loss of sensations on one half of the body.
• Loss of control over bladder and bowel movements leading to an
inability to hold on to stool or urine.

4. Rehabilitation Goal
• To restore lost abilities as much as possible
• To prevent stroke-related complications
• To improve the patient's quality of life
• To educate the patient and family about how to prevent recurrent
strokes
• Promote re-integration into family, home, work, leisure and
community activities

5. Rehabilitation Management
• Mobility
• Activity of daily living
• Communication
• Swallowing
• Orthosis
• Shoulder pain
• Spasticity
• Cognitive and perception
• Mood
• Bowel and bladder incontinence

6. Mobility
Physiotherapy
• Conventional therapies
• Neurophysiological therapies
Neurophysiological Approaches
1. Muscle Re-education Approach
2. Neurodevelopmental Approaches
Sensorimotor Approach
Movement Therapy Approach
NDT Approach
PNF Approach
3. Motor Relearning Program for Stroke
4. Contemporary Task Oriented Approach

7. Conventional Therapies
• Range Of Motion (ROM) Exercises
• Muscle Strengthening Exercises
• Mobilization activities
• Fitness training
• Compensatory Techniques
Basic Physical Therapy
• Bed positioning, mobility
• Sitting/trunk control
• Transfer
• Walking
• Stair climbing