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Physical Science Quarter 2 Module 1 pptx
- 1. Quarter 2 -Module 1 Models of the Universe
- 2. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNINGCOMPETENCIES:
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- 4. 1. Which BESTexplains why the Earth is not disk- shaped? A. Stars are viewed differently when traveling north and south. B. The shadow cast by Earth during a lunar eclipse is circular. C. The shadow cast in two different cities during a solstice differed in length. D. The only shape that cast a circular shadow in whatever direction is a sphere.
- 5. 2. Which ofthe following is an annual motion? A. Moonrise C. Sunset B. Eastward rise of stars D. Vernal equinox 3. What astronomical event was NOT known to men before the advent of telescopes? A. Solar eclipse C. Retrograde of Mars B. Summer solstice D. Rotation of the Sun
- 6. 4. Which aidedEratosthenes in measuring the Earth’s circumference? A. The appearance of stars differs when travelling from north to south. B. The shadow cast within the Syene and Alexandria during the solstice. C. A sphere is the only shape that cast a circular shadow in whatever direction. D. The shadow cast by the Earth during a lunar eclipse is circular.
- 7. For nos. 5-6,choices are A. Autumnal equinox C. Summer solstice B. Eastward rise of stars D. Zodiac cycle 5. What is a diurnal motion? 6. Which does NOT involve the Sun’s ecliptic path?
- 8. For nos. 7-10,choices are: A. All planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit. B. Any point in the closed curved is equidistant to the two foci. C. Planets move fastest in the elliptical orbit when nearest to the sun. D. The length of a planet’s revolution in the Sun is proportional to its orbit’s size. 7. Which describes the law of ellipse?
- 9. For nos. 7-10,choices are: A. All planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit. B. Any point in the closed curved is equidistant to the two foci. C. Planets move fastest in the elliptical orbit when nearest to the sun. D. The length of a planet’s revolution in the Sun is proportional to its orbit’s size. 8. Which describes the law of harmony?
- 10. For nos. 7-10,choices are: A. All planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit. B. Any point in the closed curved is equidistant to the two foci. C. Planets move fastest in the elliptical orbit when nearest to the sun. D. The length of a planet’s revolution in the Sun is proportional to its orbit’s size. 9. Which describes the law of equal areas?
- 11. For nos. 7-10,choices are: A. All planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit. B. Any point in the closed curved is equidistant to the two foci. C. Planets move fastest in the elliptical orbit when nearest to the sun. D. The length of a planet’s revolution in the Sun is proportional to its orbit’s size. 10. Which explains the difference in the orbital period of Earth and Saturn?
- 12. For nos. 11-15,choices are: A. Copernican C. Ptolemaic B. Keplerian D. Tychonic 11. Which presents a system with elliptical orbit? 12. Which presents a heliocentric model of the universe? 13. Which presents a geo-heliocentric model of the solar system? 14. Which attributes retrograde motion of the planets to epicycles? 15. Which states that a planet moves fastest when it is nearest to the sun?
- 13. What Is It HOWGREEKS KNOW THAT THE EARTH IS ROUND
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- 20. The Greeks circumference ofa circle is the distance around the outside of the circle
- 23. On a Summer Solstice (June21, 12:00 noon)
- 28. Distance between Syene and Alexandiais 5000 stadia 5000 stadia = 800 km
- 29. Thus, Eratosthenes thoughtthe Earth’s circumference must be 50 x 5000 stadia or 250,000 stadia (40,000 kilometers).
- 30. Circumference of theEarth (as measured around the equator) 40,075.017 km Thus, Eratosthenes thought the Earth’s circumference must be 50 x 5000 stadia or 250,000 stadia (40,000 kilometers).
- 31. Now, what isthe significance of the spherical shape of Earth? The sense of symmetry by Greeks demands a spherical Earth located at the center of the sphere of heavens.
- 32. In the 4thcentury BC Greece, philosophers developed the geocentric model, based on astronomical observation; this model proposed that the center of the Universe lies at the center of a spherical, stationary Earth, around which the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars rotate.
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- 38. Astronomical Events Known toMen Before the Advent of Telescopes
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- 43. CELESTIAL SPHERE - fictitioussphere centred on the Earth upon which all celestial bodies can be projected. - Used to describe the position of objects in the sky
- 44. Astronomical Events Before theTelescope was Invented
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- 52. ANNUAL MOTION Zodiac –collective name for the thirteen constellations These constellations changes through months as they are visible at different times in a year. These constellations served to mark the time for planting and used to develop a chart called horoscope.
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- 60. 1. Which ofthe following is an annual motion? A. Moonrise C. Sunset B. Eastward rise of stars D. Vernal equinox 2. What is a diurnal motion? A. Autumnal equinox C. Summer solstice B. Eastward rise of stars D. Zodiac cycle
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- 68. MODELS OF THEUNIVERSE Proponent Claudius Ptolemy Center of universe Earth Orbits All other celestial bodies revolve around the Earth. Stars The stars are located and fixed in the outermost celestial sphere. Explanation of retrograde motion (going backward) Utilized the epicycles and deferent to explain the apparent westward motion of the planets.
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- 71. MODELS OF THEUNIVERSE Proponent Nicholas Copernicus Center of universe Sun Orbits All planets including Earth revolves around the Sun. Only the moon revolves around the Earth. Stars The stars are located and fixed in the outermost celestial sphere. Explanation of retrograde motion Differences in the orbital speed of the planets explained the retrograde motion of the planets. Planets nearer to the Sun revolves faster than those
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- 73. MODELS OF THEUNIVERSE Proponent Tycho Brahe Center of universe Earth Orbits The moon and sun revolve around Earth. All other planets revolve around the sun. Stars The stars are located and fixed in the outermost celestial sphere. Explanation of retrograde motion Same as the Copernican System.
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- 75. Planets usually risefrom east to west.
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- 78. Tycho Brahe andJohannes Kepler
- 79. Tycho Brahe andJohannes Kepler
- 81. THREE LAWS OFPLANETARY MOTION
- 83. THREE LAWS OFPLANETARY MOTION
- 84. THREE LAWS OFPLANETARY MOTION
Editor's Notes
- #3 tee·kow braa
- #5 D
- #6 2. D 3. D
- #7 B
- #8 5. B 6. B
- #9 7. A
- #10 8. D
- #11 9. C
- #12 10. D
- #13 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
- #17 1. equivalent to the Earth’s north pole 2. equivalent to the Earth’s south pole 3. equivalent to the Earth’s latitude (north-south location) 4. equivalent to the Earth’s longitude (east-west location) 5. path which the sun appears to take in the celestial sphere 6. point in which the ecliptic intersects with the celestial equator
- #22 Only a spherical body will cast the same circular shadow on the Moon when viewed from different locations on Earth or during different lunar eclipses.
- #24 It's possible, Aristotle concluded, only if the earth is round. Think of it this way...When you are standing at the north pole, where is the north star? Directly overhead. Now place yourself at the equator. Where is the north star? Yepit's down on the horizon, because you have traveled along a curve. Go even farther south and you won't be able to see it at all; the earth will hide it. Go farther north and it seems to rise higher and higher.
- #27 Eastern Daylight Time
- #43 What is telescope used for? A telescope is a tool that astronomers use to see faraway objects. Most telescopes, and all large telescopes, work by using curved mirrors to gather and focus light from the night sky.
- #45 Sirius – the brightest star in the night sky
- #46 Venus the brightest object in the night sky.
- #54 The stars in the night sky are fixed, the planets move around the sun at different rates, so they are not fixed; they appear to wander over time.
- #67 1. precession
- #68 2. Hipparchus
- #69 3. 26,000 years
- #70 5. Thuban 4. Polaris 6. Vega
- #71 7. Full moon 8. Eclipse 9. Lunar 10. Solar
- #72 SSME (Solar- SUN-MOON-EARTH) LSEM (Lunar-SUN-EARTH-MOON)
- #73 When a planet seems to reverse its direction in the sky, it's called retrograde motion (from the Latin word retrogradus – "going backward").
- #83 Danish -
- #86 It is a closed curve in which the sum of the distances from any point on the ellipse to foci (two points inside) is constant.