The document discusses the formation of light elements through stellar nucleosynthesis and the different stages of a star's life cycle. It explains that light elements like hydrogen, helium, and lithium were formed in the early universe during Big Bang nucleosynthesis as the extremely high temperatures and energies caused protons and neutrons to fuse together. Heavier elements are produced later during the different stages of stellar evolution as nuclear fusion occurs in stars.

1. FORMATION OF LIGHT
ELEMENTS
PHYSICAL SCIENCE WEEK 1
RJLA

2. TARGETS
• explain stellar nucleosynthesis;
• describe the different stages of life cycle of stars;
• cite the different heavy elements formed in each stages of star
cycle;
• describe how heavier elements formed during stellar
nucleosynthesis and evolution.

3. FACT OR BLUFF
Read and analyze the following statements.
Choose FACT if the statement is TRUE and
BLUFF if the statement is false. DEFEND your
answer

4. TRUE
ELEMENTS ARE MADE OF SUB ATOMIC
PARTICLES CALLED PROTON, NEUTRON AND
ELECTRONS

5. FALSE
The identity of an element depends on
how many neutron it has

10. TRUE
LITHIUM IS ONE OF THE ELEMENTS FORMED DURING THE
BIG BANG NUCLEOSYTHESIS

11. TRUE
Nucleosysnthesis combines nucleons (proton
and neutron) to form Elements

12. FALSE
BIG BANG IS AN EXPLOSION

13. FALSE
Universe is colder 13 BYA

14. TRUE
The Higher the energy the Higher the temperature

15. TRUE
Can mass be converted to Energy?

16. THE ORIGIN OF LIGHT ELEMENTS
The origin of all the naturally occurring elements fall
into two phases:
•Big Bang or Primordial Nucleosynthesis —the origin of
the “light” elements; and
•Stellar Nucleosynthesis— the origin and production
of the “heavy elements

17. • Nucleosynthesis is the process that creates new atomic
nucleus from preexisting nucleons, which is proton
neutrons.
• Primordial or Big Bang Nucleosynthesis refers to the
process of producing the
“light elements” shortly after the Big Bang.

18. HOW DOES BIG BANG NUCLEOSYTHESIS WORK?
By means collision and combination of
protons and neutrons

19. • The energy and temperature of the
universe are extremely high to cause
the neutrons and protons to combine
and form certain species of atomic
nuclei in a process called nuclear
fusion

22. • Through Nuclear Fusion, the light
elements- Hydrogen (H), Helium (He), and
small amounts of lithium (Li) and
beryllium (Be) were formed.
• The isotopes produced during the big
bang nucleosynthesis were H-1, H-2, H-3,
H-4, L-7

23. • An Isotope is a form of an element
that has the same atomic number
of the original element but with
different atomic mass or mass
number.

24. •Helium 4 + Tritium = Lithium
•Helium 3 + Helium 4 = Beryllium