The document discusses different types of solids:
- Ionic solids contain ionic bonds like sodium chloride.
- Covalent solids appear as a single giant molecule like graphite.
- Molecular solids are repeating units of molecules like ice.
- Metallic solids have repeating units of metal atoms with delocalized electrons.
- Amorphous solids like glass do not have a definite structure or repeating units.
10. Ionic solids-- These substances have a definite melting point and
contain ionic bonds. An example would be sodium chloride
(NaCl).
11. Covalent solids -- These substance appear as a single giant
molecule made up of an almost endless number of covalent
bonds. An example would be graphite.
12. Molecular solids are represented as repeating units made up of
molecules. An example would be ice.
13. Metallic solids are repeating units made up of metal atoms. The
valence electrons in metals are able to jump from atom to atom.
14. Amorphous solids
Amorphous solids do not have a definite
melting point or regular repeating units. An
amorphous solid is a solid in which there is no
long-range order of the positions of the atoms
unlike those in crystalline solids. An example of
an amorphous solid is window glass. In addition
many polymers such as polystyrene are
amorphous. Amorphous solids can exist in two
distinct states, the 'rubbery' state and the 'glassy'
state. The temperature at which they transition
between the glassy and rubbery states is called
their glass transition temperature or Tg.