2. Phrasal Verbs! Uh? What is that?
Phrasal verbs are usually two-word phrases consisting
of verb + adverb or verb + preposition.
For example, the verb ‘’give’’ that it means ‘’freely
transfer the possession of (something) to (someone)’’,
(e.g. I always give flowers to my girlfriend); but if we put
‘’up’’ next to give we’ll form a new word ‘’give up’’, that it
means ‘’stop trying’’ (e.g. My Morphology test was too
difficult so I gave up).
Note: Give up has two meaning. First one ‘’stop trying’’;
and the second one ‘’quit a habit’’.
3. Sometimes, phrasal verbs may have more than two
meanings, these words are so different that dictionary
give us. For example, the phrasal verb ‘’give away’’: this
phrasal verb has four meaning.
The first one, the meaning is ‘’reveal hidden
information about someone’’. E.g. His wife gave him
away to the police.
The second one, the meaning is ‘’take the bride to the
altar’’. E.g. My father gave me away at my wedding.
The third one, the meaning is ‘’ruin a secret’’. E.g. My
little sister gave the surprise party away by accident’’.
The last one, the meaning is ‘’give something to
someone for free’’. E.g. The library was giving away old
books.
4. Phrasal verbs can be divided into
three groups
Inseparable Phrasal Verbs: You can not separate the
verb and the preposition direct object must come after
the preposition or adverb that makes up the phrasal
verb.
Separable Phrasal Verbs: In this type of phrasal verbs
direct object complement goes between the verb and
complement.
Intransitive Phrasal Verbs: Several phrasal verbs can be
used without direct object.
5.
6. BlendWords
Blend words are also called portmanteau words.
A blend word or a blend is a word formed from parts of
two or more other words.
Blends deal with the action of abridging and then
combining various lexemes to form a new word.
However, the process of defining which words are true
blends and which are not is more complicated. The
difficulty comes in determining which parts of a new
word are "recoverable" (have roots which can be
distinguished).
7. Formation
Most blends are formed by one of the following
methods:
The beginning of one word is added to the end of the
other. For example, Brunch is a blend of Breakfast and
lunch.
The beginnings of two words are combined. For
example, cyborg is a blend of cybernetic and
organism.
8. Two words are blended around a common sequence of
sounds. For example, the word Californication, from a
song by the RHCP, is a blend of California and
Fornication. And the word ‘’motel’’ is a blend of motor
and hotel.
Multiple sounds from two component words are
blended, while mostly preserving the sounds' order.
Poet Lewis Carroll was well known for these kinds of
blends. An example of this is the word slithy, a blend
of lithe and slimy.
9. Acronyms
An acronym is an initial abbreviation that can be
pronounced as a word, such as NASA or WASP. This
term is also used to refer to a series of initials
pronounced individually, such as FBI or TGIF, but the
technical term is initialism.
The term acronym is the name for a word formed from
the first letters of each word in a phrase (such as sonar,
created from sound navigation and ranging).
10. Comparing a few examples of each type
Pronounced as a word, containing only initial letters.
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
Pronounced as a word, containing non-initial letters.
Amphetamine: Alpha-Methyl-Phenethylamine.
Pronounced as a word, containing a mixture of initial
and non-initial letters.
AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
Pronounced as a word or as a string of letters,
depending on speaker or context.
FAQ: Frequently Asked Question.
11. Pronounced as a combination of spelling out and a
word.
CD-ROM: Compact Disc Read-only Memory.
Pronounced only as a string of letters.
BBC: British Broadcasting Corporation.
Pronounced as a string of letters, but with a shortcut.
AAA: American Automovil Association.
Shortcut incorporated into name.
E3: Electronic Entertainment Exposition.
Pseudo-acronyms.
IOU: That it means ‘’I Owe You’’.
12. Initialisms whose last abbreviated word is
often redundantly included anyway.
PIN number: Personal Identification Number number.