PHP is a scripting language commonly used for web development. It supports both procedural and object-oriented programming. This document discusses techniques for modeling PHP code, including using structure charts to represent procedural code and UML class diagrams to represent object-oriented code. Modeling tools like MacA&D and WinA&D can generate code from these models and extract models from existing code to help organize and communicate the structure of PHP projects.
This document presents a prototype called the Collaboration Browser that is used to iteratively recover and understand collaborations from dynamic information in Java programs. The Collaboration Browser allows a developer to query run-time execution traces to understand collaborations and interactions between classes. It displays dynamic information through panels that list sender classes, receiver classes, invoked methods, and collaboration patterns represented as sequence diagrams. The developer can filter and query this information to iteratively extract collaborations between classes. The goal is to help understand object-oriented applications by recovering larger collaborations rather than focusing only on classes.
CS554 � Introduction to Rational RoseJignesh Patel
Rational Rose is a visual modeling tool that allows users to graphically represent different views of a software system using diagrams. The document introduces various diagram types in Rational Rose, including use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, collaboration diagrams, activity diagrams, component diagrams, deployment diagrams, and statechart diagrams. Each diagram type shows a different perspective and can be used at different stages of the software development process to help with requirements, design, and communication.
The document provides an overview of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern, including its context, problem, and solution. It then discusses how MVC is used in the Java Pet Store example application to separate the application logic and data (Model) from the user interface (View) and control logic (Controller). Key aspects of MVC like separation of concerns and allowing multiple Views of the same data are highlighted.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized modeling language used to visualize, specify, construct, and document artifacts of a software system. It provides a common language for describing systems across different stakeholders. UML includes various building blocks like classes, interfaces, use cases, etc. and relationships between them. It also defines diagram types like class diagrams, sequence diagrams, etc. to group related elements. UML aims to be precise, unambiguous, and complete in modeling systems.
Documenting Software Architectural Component and Connector with UML 2editor1knowledgecuddle
Earlierversions of the UML have been an out of depth for documenting software architectures like component, port, connector and system. Users have adopted conventions for representing architectural concepts using different grouping of UML modeling element. They can also create profiles to focus the UML. Changes incorporated in UML 2 have improved UML’s suitability for software architectural documentation, but UML is still an out of your depth for documenting some types of architectural information. In this paper, there is description of documenting component and connector using UML but in particular case, documenting architectural connectors and components remains problematic. Keywords: - component, connector
This document provides an overview of Brandon Miller's programming portfolio, which includes several projects involving creating class libraries and interfaces in C# (.NET), building Windows Forms and ASP.NET applications that interface with SQL databases using stored procedures and LINQ, and parsing XML files using LINQ to XML. The projects demonstrate skills in object-oriented programming, database access, user interface design, and XML parsing.
The document provides an introduction to App Designer fundamentals. It outlines the lesson objectives which are to list App Designer features, discuss relational databases and definitions, describe the integrated platform, and understand course goals. The goals of the course are also defined, which are to identify App Designer components, understand fields, records, pages, and menus, use the registration wizard, and access PIA pages.
This document presents a prototype called the Collaboration Browser that is used to iteratively recover and understand collaborations from dynamic information in Java programs. The Collaboration Browser allows a developer to query run-time execution traces to understand collaborations and interactions between classes. It displays dynamic information through panels that list sender classes, receiver classes, invoked methods, and collaboration patterns represented as sequence diagrams. The developer can filter and query this information to iteratively extract collaborations between classes. The goal is to help understand object-oriented applications by recovering larger collaborations rather than focusing only on classes.
CS554 � Introduction to Rational RoseJignesh Patel
Rational Rose is a visual modeling tool that allows users to graphically represent different views of a software system using diagrams. The document introduces various diagram types in Rational Rose, including use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, collaboration diagrams, activity diagrams, component diagrams, deployment diagrams, and statechart diagrams. Each diagram type shows a different perspective and can be used at different stages of the software development process to help with requirements, design, and communication.
The document provides an overview of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern, including its context, problem, and solution. It then discusses how MVC is used in the Java Pet Store example application to separate the application logic and data (Model) from the user interface (View) and control logic (Controller). Key aspects of MVC like separation of concerns and allowing multiple Views of the same data are highlighted.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized modeling language used to visualize, specify, construct, and document artifacts of a software system. It provides a common language for describing systems across different stakeholders. UML includes various building blocks like classes, interfaces, use cases, etc. and relationships between them. It also defines diagram types like class diagrams, sequence diagrams, etc. to group related elements. UML aims to be precise, unambiguous, and complete in modeling systems.
Documenting Software Architectural Component and Connector with UML 2editor1knowledgecuddle
Earlierversions of the UML have been an out of depth for documenting software architectures like component, port, connector and system. Users have adopted conventions for representing architectural concepts using different grouping of UML modeling element. They can also create profiles to focus the UML. Changes incorporated in UML 2 have improved UML’s suitability for software architectural documentation, but UML is still an out of your depth for documenting some types of architectural information. In this paper, there is description of documenting component and connector using UML but in particular case, documenting architectural connectors and components remains problematic. Keywords: - component, connector
This document provides an overview of Brandon Miller's programming portfolio, which includes several projects involving creating class libraries and interfaces in C# (.NET), building Windows Forms and ASP.NET applications that interface with SQL databases using stored procedures and LINQ, and parsing XML files using LINQ to XML. The projects demonstrate skills in object-oriented programming, database access, user interface design, and XML parsing.
The document provides an introduction to App Designer fundamentals. It outlines the lesson objectives which are to list App Designer features, discuss relational databases and definitions, describe the integrated platform, and understand course goals. The goals of the course are also defined, which are to identify App Designer components, understand fields, records, pages, and menus, use the registration wizard, and access PIA pages.
The document provides an overview of 6 .NET projects focused on building various components of a library management system. Project 1 involves building parts of the business tier for a retail company. Project 2 involves developing a Windows Forms user interface for a library database. Project 3 converts the data access tier to use LINQ and modifies the business tier. Project 4 converts the user interface to a web application. Project 5 implements WCF web services for the library application. Project 6 is for a test management application. Detailed requirements and code snippets are provided for each project.
The document provides information on creating and configuring Struts components in a Java web application using Rational Application Developer. It discusses key concepts of the Struts framework such as the model-view-controller (MVC) architecture. It also describes how to enable a dynamic web project for Struts, create Struts modules, and use wizards to generate Struts actions, forms, and configuration files.
The document summarizes several .NET projects completed by Alexander F Vogel including creating class libraries, a Windows forms application for a library management system, updating the system to use LINQ and web services, and developing a testing application. The projects involved designing interfaces, classes, databases and stored procedures to implement business requirements while following best practices for maintainability, validation, error handling and usability.
This document summarizes several .NET projects completed by Amir Naraghi during a training program. The projects include building parts of a business tier for a retail company including class libraries, creating a Windows Forms application to provide a library management interface, and improving performance by developing data access and entity layers using ADO.NET and stored procedures. The projects demonstrated skills in areas such as interfaces, serialization, data binding, validation, and exception handling.
This document discusses internationalization and localization challenges for web applications. It proposes using a template engine that strictly enforces separation of model and view to address these challenges. This allows localization of data values without duplicating code. It also describes automatically rendering values like dates and numbers according to locale. The template engine discussed, StringTemplate, supports localization of page text, locale-specific site designs, and automatic data localization while maintaining strict separation of model and view.
This document contains a checklist of criteria related to making web content accessible. It includes criteria in 16 categories such as images, multimedia, tables, forms and scripts. Each criteria is marked as passing, failing or not applicable. The checklist tests if webpages meet standards for accessibility, especially for those using assistive technologies.
The document describes an online library management system. The system allows for efficient management of daily library operations through modules that deal with activities like member and book management, book loans and returns. It provides functions for logging in, registering, searching, adding and deleting data. Member and book details like names, identification numbers and publication details are stored in a database. The system aims to digitalize processes like adding members and books, searching, and lending/returning books. It focuses on paperless operations and easy book searches.
This document provides an introduction to using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) for object-oriented design and modeling. It describes UML as a standard language for visualizing, specifying, and documenting software designs using concepts from data, business, object, and component modeling. The document outlines the history and creators of UML, the different types of UML diagrams for modeling various aspects of systems, and internet resources for further information on UML.
This document outlines several .NET projects completed by Arthur del Prado including a class library, Windows forms application, database project using ADO.NET and stored procedures, and a web application. The projects focused on object-oriented programming, Windows forms, database programming, and ASP.NET. Features included interfaces, inheritance, validation, exceptions, collections, stored procedures, LINQ, master pages, forms authentication, and partial postbacks. Additional requirements for the web application included card renewal, automatic juvenile to adult conversion, highlighting overdue books, adding new books, and navigation using hyperlinks.
This document outlines 5 projects for building a library management system. Project 1 involves building .NET class libraries. Project 2 creates a Windows forms frontend. Project 3 develops the business and data access tiers using LINQ and stored procedures. Project 4 adds a web frontend. Project 5 implements a WCF service for interoperability and uses security features.
The document discusses J2EE packaging and deployment. It describes the different types of J2EE modules like EJB modules, web modules, application client modules, and resource adapter modules. It explains how these modules are packaged in JAR, WAR, RAR and EAR files and the containment hierarchy. It also covers exporting and sharing projects between workspaces.
SugarCRM Power Hour with Jeff Bickart; Module Builder and Studio a developers...Jeff Bickart
This document summarizes Jeff Bickart's webinar on SugarCRM Development 101. Jeff is a SugarCRM developer and CTO who demonstrated how to build a custom Password module using Module Builder and Studio. The webinar covered:
- Creating a Password module to securely store usernames, passwords and attached files for accounts.
- Using Module Builder to define the module and its fields, and Studio to customize existing modules.
- A live demonstration of building the Password module and customizing core modules.
- Answering questions about custom module and application development in SugarCRM.
This document describes a project to create a data access layer and SQL stored procedures to replace those provided in Phase 1 of a library management application. It involved developing entity classes, a data access layer using ADO.NET to call the stored procedures, and stored procedures in SQL Server to handle data validation and retrieval. This allows the business and UI layers to remain unchanged while improving flexibility and scalability in the database. Stored procedures were created to duplicate the functionality of Phase 1 and handle validation and data retrieval through calls to other stored procedures. SQL exceptions in the data access layer are checked by error state to display appropriate messages to users.
This was a multi-phase project in the various .NET technologies using C# and Visual Studio. This set of projects was created to support the principal functions of a lending library’s day-to-day operations. TECHNOLOGIES USED: .NET with C#; Windows Forms Programming; Regular Expressions; ADO.NET; SQL Server 2000; Transact SQL (Stored Procedures); ASP.NET; ASP.NET Security; Web Services; XML; SOAP; WSE 3.0.
Speech Application Language Tags(SALT) is an extension of HTML and other markup
languages (cHTML, XHTML, WML) which adds a spoken dialog interface to web applications,
for both voice only browsers (e.g. over the telephone) and multimodal browsers. It was
developed by – Microsoft, Cisco, SpeechWorks, Philips, Comverse and Intel. The SALT
specifications developed by the SALT forum http://www.saltforum.org were later
contributed to the W3C (http:// www.w3.org).
The major scenarios of the SALT are Voice- Only Browsers and Multimodal Browsers.
For multimodal applications, SALT can be added to a visual page to support speech input
and/or output. This is a way to speech-enable individual HTML controls for ‘push-to-talk’
form-filling scenarios, or to add more complex mixed initiative capabilities if necessary.
Spreadsheets are the most popular and conventionally databases in use today. Since Spreadsheets are visual and expression based languages, research into the features of spreadsheets is therefore a highly relevant topic to study. Spreadsheet can be viewed as a Relation Database which contains a sheet and its corresponding information in terms of rows, while in RDBMS each table or say relation also represents its contained information in terms of rows. Each row represents a record which belongs to one or more relation. Spreadsheets uses different formulae to extract required information but it need expert knowledge about the tool and its usage. One can extend the usage of Spreadsheet in any direction as it provides great flexibility in terms of data storage and dependency of stored data. We surveyed some of research which took great attention over Spreadsheets and its applicability in different functional cases, such as Data Visualization, SQL Engines and many more. Our survey focuses on QUERYSHEET, ES-SQL, MDSHEET and PrediCalc [3], [5], [4], [8]. These different researches are motivations to our survey and attraction in Spreadsheets and its functional extensibility.
This document describes an environment that allows end users without programming knowledge to create mashups by combining components from existing web applications. The environment uses a proxy server to inject scripts into web applications, allowing users to select and copy UI components, application logic, and data between applications. An example scenario demonstrates selecting a search form from Amazon, connecting it to search results from both Amazon and eBay, and combining them into a single application. The environment aims to simplify mashup creation without requiring specific tools, languages, or technical skills.
SMARCOS CNR Paper Supporting Transformations across user interfaceSmarcos Eu
The document discusses a tool that allows designers to create and edit model-to-model transformations between user interface descriptions at different levels of abstraction. The tool provides a graphical user interface that enables designers to visually map elements between source and target meta-models without requiring expertise in transformation languages. Designers can define single or multiple transformation rules, including conditional and hierarchical mappings. An initial user test found the tool effective for transformation tasks and usable by designers without deep knowledge of transformations.
Microsoft Excel is a commercial spreadsheet application that features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has largely replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the industry standard spreadsheet. Excel allows users to organize and manipulate data using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns. It also provides functions, charts, pivot tables, and programming capabilities to analyze and visualize data. Excel forms part of Microsoft Office and is widely used for tasks like accounting, data analysis, and reporting.
Luis Valencia will give a presentation on applying Typescript design patterns to React/SPFx. He has 17 years of experience including 10 years in SharePoint. The session will focus on writing clean, maintainable code and not flashy user interfaces. It will cover common design patterns like singleton, abstract factory, builder, and factory method. It will also discuss SOLID principles and building shared code libraries. The presentation aims to teach developers how to write code that is easy for others to maintain.
Project Overview
Project Requirements
Our PROG 24178 project is a group project in which two students collaborate equally to create an
object-oriented program of medium complexity. It should be a GUI program that uses principles,
best practices and technologies learned in the course. Certain elements are a required part of
your project, for example it must implement a GUI of reasonable complexity, use a dynamic data
structure like ArrayList, Has multiple classes with defined class relationships, exception handling,
and use file input and/or output (further details below in General Requirements).
The rest is up to you.
Each student group will choose their own idea for their application and submit a project proposal
outlining their idea. For the GUI portion of the project, you will use the JavaFX platform. You can
design your GUI graphically with SceneBuilder, or implement it dynamically in code. This choice,
along with other detailed plans, must be clearly stated in the project proposal.
Above all your project should be interesting and fun, so try to choose an idea you find interesting
or potentially useful. Dont make your project too big or ambitious, remember it should take about
as much time as two or three assignments. If you feel your project may be too big then you could
simplify certain portions or leave parts for future implementation. For example, a GUI button could
display a message Not yet implemented. After you are done, you may want to add your project to
your SLATE ePortfolio (Sheridan co-curricular record) to show off to others.
General Requirements
GUI Portion: The project will consist of at least 2 GUI windows or dialogs (minimum one per team
member). In JavaFX this means at least 2 stages, where each stage has its own separate FXML
file and controller class. Error messages or simple confirmation dialogs dont count.
Non-GUI Portion: Minimum one class per team member so minimum two back-end (data
management) classes, not counting GUI classes or controller classes.
File I/O: Either file input, output, or both. For example, a program that manages information about
customers of a business could store the customer information in a file and then re-load the file
next time your run the program.
Data structures: ArrayList (dynamic array) or HashMap. For example a multi-player game could
use an ArrayList of Player objects to store information about all the players. Often (but not always)
you may use a dynamic data structure like ArrayList to store information you read from a file. Dont
use regular Java arrays.
Exception Handling: For full marks your project should contain enough exception handling and
error recovery so that bad user input (or bad input files etc.) dont crash the program. You should
display a user-friendly error message instead.
Commenting: The code shall be commented as follows.
Each Java class shall have a header comment which lists the principal author(s) of the code and
briefly describes what the code in the file is.
This document provides an overview of object oriented analysis and design using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It discusses key concepts in object oriented programming like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism. It also outlines the software development lifecycle and phases like requirements analysis, design, coding, testing and maintenance. Finally, it introduces UML and explains how use case diagrams can be used to model the user view of a system by defining actors and use cases.
The document provides an overview of 6 .NET projects focused on building various components of a library management system. Project 1 involves building parts of the business tier for a retail company. Project 2 involves developing a Windows Forms user interface for a library database. Project 3 converts the data access tier to use LINQ and modifies the business tier. Project 4 converts the user interface to a web application. Project 5 implements WCF web services for the library application. Project 6 is for a test management application. Detailed requirements and code snippets are provided for each project.
The document provides information on creating and configuring Struts components in a Java web application using Rational Application Developer. It discusses key concepts of the Struts framework such as the model-view-controller (MVC) architecture. It also describes how to enable a dynamic web project for Struts, create Struts modules, and use wizards to generate Struts actions, forms, and configuration files.
The document summarizes several .NET projects completed by Alexander F Vogel including creating class libraries, a Windows forms application for a library management system, updating the system to use LINQ and web services, and developing a testing application. The projects involved designing interfaces, classes, databases and stored procedures to implement business requirements while following best practices for maintainability, validation, error handling and usability.
This document summarizes several .NET projects completed by Amir Naraghi during a training program. The projects include building parts of a business tier for a retail company including class libraries, creating a Windows Forms application to provide a library management interface, and improving performance by developing data access and entity layers using ADO.NET and stored procedures. The projects demonstrated skills in areas such as interfaces, serialization, data binding, validation, and exception handling.
This document discusses internationalization and localization challenges for web applications. It proposes using a template engine that strictly enforces separation of model and view to address these challenges. This allows localization of data values without duplicating code. It also describes automatically rendering values like dates and numbers according to locale. The template engine discussed, StringTemplate, supports localization of page text, locale-specific site designs, and automatic data localization while maintaining strict separation of model and view.
This document contains a checklist of criteria related to making web content accessible. It includes criteria in 16 categories such as images, multimedia, tables, forms and scripts. Each criteria is marked as passing, failing or not applicable. The checklist tests if webpages meet standards for accessibility, especially for those using assistive technologies.
The document describes an online library management system. The system allows for efficient management of daily library operations through modules that deal with activities like member and book management, book loans and returns. It provides functions for logging in, registering, searching, adding and deleting data. Member and book details like names, identification numbers and publication details are stored in a database. The system aims to digitalize processes like adding members and books, searching, and lending/returning books. It focuses on paperless operations and easy book searches.
This document provides an introduction to using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) for object-oriented design and modeling. It describes UML as a standard language for visualizing, specifying, and documenting software designs using concepts from data, business, object, and component modeling. The document outlines the history and creators of UML, the different types of UML diagrams for modeling various aspects of systems, and internet resources for further information on UML.
This document outlines several .NET projects completed by Arthur del Prado including a class library, Windows forms application, database project using ADO.NET and stored procedures, and a web application. The projects focused on object-oriented programming, Windows forms, database programming, and ASP.NET. Features included interfaces, inheritance, validation, exceptions, collections, stored procedures, LINQ, master pages, forms authentication, and partial postbacks. Additional requirements for the web application included card renewal, automatic juvenile to adult conversion, highlighting overdue books, adding new books, and navigation using hyperlinks.
This document outlines 5 projects for building a library management system. Project 1 involves building .NET class libraries. Project 2 creates a Windows forms frontend. Project 3 develops the business and data access tiers using LINQ and stored procedures. Project 4 adds a web frontend. Project 5 implements a WCF service for interoperability and uses security features.
The document discusses J2EE packaging and deployment. It describes the different types of J2EE modules like EJB modules, web modules, application client modules, and resource adapter modules. It explains how these modules are packaged in JAR, WAR, RAR and EAR files and the containment hierarchy. It also covers exporting and sharing projects between workspaces.
SugarCRM Power Hour with Jeff Bickart; Module Builder and Studio a developers...Jeff Bickart
This document summarizes Jeff Bickart's webinar on SugarCRM Development 101. Jeff is a SugarCRM developer and CTO who demonstrated how to build a custom Password module using Module Builder and Studio. The webinar covered:
- Creating a Password module to securely store usernames, passwords and attached files for accounts.
- Using Module Builder to define the module and its fields, and Studio to customize existing modules.
- A live demonstration of building the Password module and customizing core modules.
- Answering questions about custom module and application development in SugarCRM.
This document describes a project to create a data access layer and SQL stored procedures to replace those provided in Phase 1 of a library management application. It involved developing entity classes, a data access layer using ADO.NET to call the stored procedures, and stored procedures in SQL Server to handle data validation and retrieval. This allows the business and UI layers to remain unchanged while improving flexibility and scalability in the database. Stored procedures were created to duplicate the functionality of Phase 1 and handle validation and data retrieval through calls to other stored procedures. SQL exceptions in the data access layer are checked by error state to display appropriate messages to users.
This was a multi-phase project in the various .NET technologies using C# and Visual Studio. This set of projects was created to support the principal functions of a lending library’s day-to-day operations. TECHNOLOGIES USED: .NET with C#; Windows Forms Programming; Regular Expressions; ADO.NET; SQL Server 2000; Transact SQL (Stored Procedures); ASP.NET; ASP.NET Security; Web Services; XML; SOAP; WSE 3.0.
Speech Application Language Tags(SALT) is an extension of HTML and other markup
languages (cHTML, XHTML, WML) which adds a spoken dialog interface to web applications,
for both voice only browsers (e.g. over the telephone) and multimodal browsers. It was
developed by – Microsoft, Cisco, SpeechWorks, Philips, Comverse and Intel. The SALT
specifications developed by the SALT forum http://www.saltforum.org were later
contributed to the W3C (http:// www.w3.org).
The major scenarios of the SALT are Voice- Only Browsers and Multimodal Browsers.
For multimodal applications, SALT can be added to a visual page to support speech input
and/or output. This is a way to speech-enable individual HTML controls for ‘push-to-talk’
form-filling scenarios, or to add more complex mixed initiative capabilities if necessary.
Spreadsheets are the most popular and conventionally databases in use today. Since Spreadsheets are visual and expression based languages, research into the features of spreadsheets is therefore a highly relevant topic to study. Spreadsheet can be viewed as a Relation Database which contains a sheet and its corresponding information in terms of rows, while in RDBMS each table or say relation also represents its contained information in terms of rows. Each row represents a record which belongs to one or more relation. Spreadsheets uses different formulae to extract required information but it need expert knowledge about the tool and its usage. One can extend the usage of Spreadsheet in any direction as it provides great flexibility in terms of data storage and dependency of stored data. We surveyed some of research which took great attention over Spreadsheets and its applicability in different functional cases, such as Data Visualization, SQL Engines and many more. Our survey focuses on QUERYSHEET, ES-SQL, MDSHEET and PrediCalc [3], [5], [4], [8]. These different researches are motivations to our survey and attraction in Spreadsheets and its functional extensibility.
This document describes an environment that allows end users without programming knowledge to create mashups by combining components from existing web applications. The environment uses a proxy server to inject scripts into web applications, allowing users to select and copy UI components, application logic, and data between applications. An example scenario demonstrates selecting a search form from Amazon, connecting it to search results from both Amazon and eBay, and combining them into a single application. The environment aims to simplify mashup creation without requiring specific tools, languages, or technical skills.
SMARCOS CNR Paper Supporting Transformations across user interfaceSmarcos Eu
The document discusses a tool that allows designers to create and edit model-to-model transformations between user interface descriptions at different levels of abstraction. The tool provides a graphical user interface that enables designers to visually map elements between source and target meta-models without requiring expertise in transformation languages. Designers can define single or multiple transformation rules, including conditional and hierarchical mappings. An initial user test found the tool effective for transformation tasks and usable by designers without deep knowledge of transformations.
Microsoft Excel is a commercial spreadsheet application that features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has largely replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the industry standard spreadsheet. Excel allows users to organize and manipulate data using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns. It also provides functions, charts, pivot tables, and programming capabilities to analyze and visualize data. Excel forms part of Microsoft Office and is widely used for tasks like accounting, data analysis, and reporting.
Luis Valencia will give a presentation on applying Typescript design patterns to React/SPFx. He has 17 years of experience including 10 years in SharePoint. The session will focus on writing clean, maintainable code and not flashy user interfaces. It will cover common design patterns like singleton, abstract factory, builder, and factory method. It will also discuss SOLID principles and building shared code libraries. The presentation aims to teach developers how to write code that is easy for others to maintain.
Project Overview
Project Requirements
Our PROG 24178 project is a group project in which two students collaborate equally to create an
object-oriented program of medium complexity. It should be a GUI program that uses principles,
best practices and technologies learned in the course. Certain elements are a required part of
your project, for example it must implement a GUI of reasonable complexity, use a dynamic data
structure like ArrayList, Has multiple classes with defined class relationships, exception handling,
and use file input and/or output (further details below in General Requirements).
The rest is up to you.
Each student group will choose their own idea for their application and submit a project proposal
outlining their idea. For the GUI portion of the project, you will use the JavaFX platform. You can
design your GUI graphically with SceneBuilder, or implement it dynamically in code. This choice,
along with other detailed plans, must be clearly stated in the project proposal.
Above all your project should be interesting and fun, so try to choose an idea you find interesting
or potentially useful. Dont make your project too big or ambitious, remember it should take about
as much time as two or three assignments. If you feel your project may be too big then you could
simplify certain portions or leave parts for future implementation. For example, a GUI button could
display a message Not yet implemented. After you are done, you may want to add your project to
your SLATE ePortfolio (Sheridan co-curricular record) to show off to others.
General Requirements
GUI Portion: The project will consist of at least 2 GUI windows or dialogs (minimum one per team
member). In JavaFX this means at least 2 stages, where each stage has its own separate FXML
file and controller class. Error messages or simple confirmation dialogs dont count.
Non-GUI Portion: Minimum one class per team member so minimum two back-end (data
management) classes, not counting GUI classes or controller classes.
File I/O: Either file input, output, or both. For example, a program that manages information about
customers of a business could store the customer information in a file and then re-load the file
next time your run the program.
Data structures: ArrayList (dynamic array) or HashMap. For example a multi-player game could
use an ArrayList of Player objects to store information about all the players. Often (but not always)
you may use a dynamic data structure like ArrayList to store information you read from a file. Dont
use regular Java arrays.
Exception Handling: For full marks your project should contain enough exception handling and
error recovery so that bad user input (or bad input files etc.) dont crash the program. You should
display a user-friendly error message instead.
Commenting: The code shall be commented as follows.
Each Java class shall have a header comment which lists the principal author(s) of the code and
briefly describes what the code in the file is.
This document provides an overview of object oriented analysis and design using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It discusses key concepts in object oriented programming like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism. It also outlines the software development lifecycle and phases like requirements analysis, design, coding, testing and maintenance. Finally, it introduces UML and explains how use case diagrams can be used to model the user view of a system by defining actors and use cases.
This document provides an overview of the contents of a textbook on object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD). It covers 6 units:
1. Object-oriented concepts, modeling, and the Unified Modeling Language (UML)
2. Iterative development and UML
3. Basic and advanced structural modeling
4. Interaction modeling
5. Architectural modeling
6. Object-oriented programming styles
The first unit introduces object-oriented paradigms and modeling techniques like the data flow diagram, entity relationship diagram, algorithms, and flowcharts. It also discusses object-oriented modeling and the process of object-oriented analysis and design.
Modeling Object Oriented Applications by Using Dynamic Information for the I...IOSR Journals
This paper presents an iterative approach to recover collaborations from object-oriented applications using dynamic information. It develops a prototype tool called the Collaboration Browser to demonstrate this approach. The Collaboration Browser allows developers to query runtime information to understand collaborations between classes. It presents dynamic information through panels listing sender classes, receiver classes, invoked methods, and collaboration patterns. Developers can iteratively filter information and focus on specific collaborations. The paper tests the Collaboration Browser on a sample Java application, recovering 19 collaboration patterns by posing 18 queries. It concludes the approach effectively discovers important collaborations and roles classes play within them.
ModLate: An Innovative Model For The Construction Of Web Templates For CMSsPiero Quintavalle
The document presents a model called Mod-late that aims to automate the process of creating and customizing web templates for content management systems (CMSs) and e-learning platforms. Mod-late is a three-level architecture consisting of a presentation level, domain level, and data level. The domain level includes hierarchy and representation modules that define how entities are organized in the template and represented. The data level describes container, band, and sidebar entities that make up templates. The model was applied to develop an application for template creation that follows the model. Experiments showed Mod-late allows faster template creation and customization than existing systems.
This document discusses fundamentals of software engineering design. It explains that design creates a representation of software that provides implementation details beyond an analysis model. Four design models are described: data design, architectural design, user interface design, and component-level design. Design principles, concepts like abstraction and patterns are explained. Tools like CASE tools can support design, and evaluation ensures a quality design. A design specification document formally specifies the design.
The document discusses object-oriented databases (OODBs). It states that choosing the right OODB architecture is crucial for performance and scalability, more so than with relational databases. With OODBs, the application architecture has a greater impact on performance compared to relational databases, as OODBs provide more direct access to persistent data. Consequently, the application architecture affects performance and scalability more than the choice of OODB.
Domain-driven design (DDD) is an approach that involves using a shared domain model and ubiquitous language to support complex domains and ensure alignment between software design and business needs. It emphasizes basing the software design on an evolving model that shares common concepts with domain experts. DDD uses patterns like entities, value objects, aggregates and repositories to structure the software around domain concepts and separate domain logic from data access and external interfaces.
We at Globalwebtutors provide excellent services for UML Diagram Assignment help & UML Diagram Homework help. Our UML Diagram Online tutors are available for instant help for UML Diagram assignments & problems.
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DOOML: A NEW DATABASE & OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELING LANGUAGE FOR DATABASE-DRIVEN...ijseajournal
A database driven web application is a very common software solution to rising business problems.
Modeling the database and the software architecture can be challenging, hence there not being one
combined modeling language for database and software architecture, specifically suited for web
application development. In this paper we present Database object-oriented Modeling Language (DooML)
and its primary Archetype Diagram: a notation for specifying the design of a database schema and
corresponding object-oriented software architecture. It combines the syntax for drawing Entity
Relationship Diagrams, the Relational Model and Universal Modeling Language Class Diagrams as well
to create a mixed diagram, stating database design as well as software design specifications. By default,
DooML ensures that the approach of advanced web application development is model-driven and both
database-oriented as well as object-oriented.
DOOML: A New Database & Object-Oriented Modeling Language for Database-Driven...ijseajournal
Submit your Research Articles!!
International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications(IJSEA)
ISSN:0975-3834 [Online]; 0975-4679 [Print]
ERA Indexed, H Index 31
Web Page URL : https://airccse.org/journal/ijsea/ijsea.html
Issue link: https://airccse.org/journal/ijsea/vol13.html
DOOML: A New Database & Object-Oriented Modeling Language for Database-Driven Web Application Design and Development
Thijs Otter, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Netherlands
Abstract URL :https://aircconline.com/abstract/ijsea/v13n5/13522ijsea03.html
Article URL :https://aircconline.com/ijsea/V13N5/13522ijsea03.pdf
#modelinglanguage #objectorientedmodeling #databasemodeling #objectorienteddatabasemodeling #archetypediagram #softwaremodelling
Submission System: https://airccse.com/submissioncs/home.html
Contact Us : ijseajournal@airccse.org or ijsea@aircconline.com
Rational Rose 98i is a UML modeling tool that supports different views like use case, interaction, logical, component and deployment views. It allows creating models with packages, classes, use cases and other elements. The user interface consists of toolbars, browser, documentation window and diagram windows. Pathmaps and options can be configured for team development.
Taligent is developing a new programming model called Model-View-Presenter (MVP) based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) model of Smalltalk. MVP provides a design methodology for application and component development. It separates programs into data management and user interface aspects. Taligent will provide frameworks to help developers implement MVP concepts like models, views, selections and commands in IBM's VisualAge programming environments.
The document discusses object-oriented design and analysis. It covers key aspects of the design phase including identifying classes, class responsibilities, and relationships between classes. The purposes of the design phase are to gather information for implementation, reduce implementation time and cost, and be the most time-consuming phase. Results of design include text descriptions and diagrams depicting relationships, usage scenarios, and state changes. The document also discusses translating analysis concepts into design, including understanding quality attributes, constraints, and requirements.
ASP.Net is a web development platform that provides a programming model, infrastructure, and services for building robust web applications. It uses HTTP to enable two-way communication between a browser and server. ASP.Net applications are compiled code written in languages like C# and VB.Net that can use classes in the .Net framework. The ASP.Net lifecycle involves initializing and loading pages, handling events, rendering output, and unloading pages. Key stages include initialization, loading, validation, handling postback events, and rendering.
The document discusses procedural programming and object-oriented programming. Procedural programming focuses on functions and steps, while object-oriented programming focuses more on modeling real-world objects and their properties and interactions. Key concepts discussed for object-oriented programming include objects, classes, abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Visual programming is also introduced, which allows creating graphical user interfaces visually rather than through code.
Teaching Case Teaching Software Componentization .docxjoyjonna282
Teaching Case
Teaching Software Componentization:
A Bar Chart Java Bean
Michel Mitri
CIS & MS Department
James Madison University
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 USA
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
In the current object-oriented paradigm, software construction increasingly involves creating and utilizing software
components. These components can serve a variety of functions, from common algorithmic processes to database connectivity
to graphical interfaces. The advantage of component architectures is that programmers can use pre-existing components to
simplify their programming tasks and to facilitate rapid application development. In the Java world, components are
implemented as Java Beans, which can be used in most Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) to construct user
interface designs via form builders. This article describes a programming assignment for an advanced information systems
course in which students create a graphical software component. In addition, the article discusses potential follow-up
assignments in which the component can be used in useful software applications.
Keywords: Software components, JavaBeans, Graphics Programming, Event-Handling, Data Aggregation, Drill-Down.
1. INTRODUCTION
Modern-day software applications can be characterized as
assemblages of portable software components. This has led
to a new approach to software development, often called
Component Based Development (CBD), which facilitates
software reuse (Ratchivadranand and Rothenberger, 2003).
The CBD approach is gradually working its way into
programming curricula (Cunningham et al, 2 003; Howe et
al, 2004).
Most college-level computer programming classes in
information systems curricula go into a fair amount of detail
in building applications that use software components. A
classic example would be in most Java courses, where
students learn how to use many of the Swing GUI
components (http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/
swing/package-summary.html). Similarly, Microsoft’s .NET
API includes a broad collection of graphical components
(called “controls” in the Microsoft world), for both Windows
and Web applications, that are covered in programming
courses using the .NET platform (http://msdn.
microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms229335(v=VS.90).aspx).
Learning how to use these components involves
instantiation, placement in forms and containers, viewing
and manipulating their properties, invoking behaviors via
method calls, and responding to events generated by the
components. These are the skill that most students get
comprehensive training and practice in during their
programming coursework. It is far less common to teach
students how to actually build these components, which
would involve designing and implementing the very
properties, behaviors, and event-generation algorithms that
would be necessary to deliver to applications using the
components. In other words, seeing “the other sid ...
The document outlines structural design patterns including Adapter, Facade, Decorator, Composite, and Proxy patterns. It provides definitions and examples of how each pattern allows objects to be combined into larger structures. The key purpose of structural patterns is that they involve connections between objects and define how components should be structured to work together flexibly in a system.
Phase 2 - Task 1
Task Type:
Discussion Board
Deliverable Length:
400–600 words + 2 responses (100–200 words each)
Points Possible:
75
Due Date:
1/18/2015 11:59:59 PM
Primary Discussion Response is due by Wednesday (11:59:59pm Central), Peer Responses are due by Sunday (11:59:59pm Central).
Primary Task Response: Within the Discussion Board area, write 400–600 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions with your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.
Library Research Assignment
Translating detailed requirements into a design is the next very important step. An integrated set of computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools can be very useful in modeling and documenting a software application or system.
Investigate the library and Internet for information on at least 5 CASE tools such as unified modeling language (UML), functional decomposition diagrams, data flow diagrams, object diagrams, entity-relationship (E-R) diagrams, class diagrams, and structure charts.
· Compare and contrast 5 of the CASE modeling tools by giving a brief description, including strengths and weaknesses.
· Based on your research, which subset or individual CASE modeling tool or tools do you plan to use to develop the design for your project in this class, and why?
Responses to Other Students: Respond to at least 2 of your fellow classmates with a reply of 100–200 words about their Primary Task Response regarding items you found to be compelling and enlightening. To help you with your discussion, please consider the following questions:
· What did you learn from your classmate's posting?
· What additional questions do you have after reading the posting?
· What clarification do you need regarding the posting?
· What differences or similarities do you see between your posting and other classmates' postings?
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.
Course Materials
Phase 2 - Task 2
Task Type:
Individual Project
Deliverable Length:
2–3 new pages
Points Possible:
100
Due Date:
1/19/2015 11:59:59 PM
Weekly tasks or assignments (Individual or Group Projects) will be due by Monday, and late submissions will be assigned a late penalty in accordance with the late penalty policy found in the syllabus. NOTE: All submission posting times are based on midnight Central Time.
At this point, you are ready to execute the next phase in system development life cycle (SDLC), which is the design phase. Exploiting the research that you have performed in this week’s Discussion Board on the set of modeling tools, document the design for the application project that you selected.
Assignment
For this assignment, you will use Visio Software Application to develop the design employing the following computer-aided software engineering (CASE) modeling tools:
· Use case
· Functional decomposition diagr.
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAjin Abraham
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...Fwdays
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Php models
1. PHP Code Design
PHP is a server-side, open-source, HTML-embedded scripting language used to drive
many of the world’s most popular web sites. All major web servers support PHP
enabling normal HMTL pages to embed code fragments that get interpreted before being
served up to requesting users. PHP is often used with MySQL, a popular open-source
database engine.
PHP is a modern language for web site development with both procedural and object-
oriented programming and integrated database support. It often serves as the glue code to
connect web pages to a server-side database. An interactive web site is event driven.
Each user click, menu selection or keyboard action can initiate a thread of execution that
runs many lines of code.
Many web projects start as small code snippets gathered from open source sites. As the
web site grows to accommodate new data interfaces, web pages and more user features,
new developers are added to the team. Without design and documentation tools, the
project often becomes unmanageable, unreliable, insecure and costly to expand.
This paper shows techniques used to organize and communicate the structure of existing
PHP projects and design new enhancements. Software models provide the framework
that enables a development team to work together productively and understand, evaluate
integrate or implement new source code for a PHP project.
• PHP supports procedural programming where each root module calls functions
that in turn call other functions creating a thread of execution that can be
represented with a hierarchical Structure Chart diagram.
• PHP supports object-oriented programming with classes, attributes and functions.
The static structure of object-oriented programs can be represented with a Class
diagram using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation.
• The data structure of a relational database can be represented with a Data Model
diagram, also called an Entity-Relation diagram.
This paper assumes a working knowledge of PHP. It illustrates object-oriented program
design with UML class diagrams and procedural program design with structure charts.
Tools can automate the process of generating design information from existing code and
generating new code from the design.
2. Modeling Basics
MacA&D and WinA&D from Excel Software are software-modeling tools enriched with
PHP language specific details used to generate source code. MacTranslator and
WinTranslator are reverse engineering tools that scan code to extract design information
to a text file. That information yields structure charts and class diagrams within the
modeling tool.
Models can be drawn from a palette of tools. As objects are placed on the diagram, they
are given a name and other properties. Each object, be it a module (function), class or
database entity has an associated entry in the global data dictionary for the project.
Language specific details like a function’s parameter list can be entered for PHP or other
programming languages. MacA&D and WinA&D use this information to generate PHP
code from the model with a simple button click.
PHP programs tend to be event driven by end-user actions like clicking a button on a web
page. An HTML form often presents a user interface where the action script runs the root
module (function) of some PHP code that calls an inverted hierarchical tree of modules as
illustrated below.
Server-Side PHP Threads of
Execution for a Web Page
As web sites grow, they become large software projects with many threads of executions.
The structure of each thread can involve a few PHP functions or sometimes hundreds of
functions. Programmers can use Structure Chart diagrams to illustrate module
hierarchies to understand, communicate, manage and enhance complex web sites.
3. Structure Charts of Procedural Code
Each thread of execution is represented with a Structure Chart diagram. At the top of the
diagram, the root module is shown as a named box. Each called module is shown as a
named box connected with a line and arrowhead pointing to it.
Structure Chart for PHP Thread of Execution
In the open source commerce project illustrated below, WinTranslator was used to
process PHP code. The output files are imported into WinA&D to automatically generate
structure charts.
WinA&D has a contents view at the left showing the name of each structure chart
diagram. The selected diagram is shown at the right. In the screen shots shown below,
you can see that the PHP software can draw graphs daily, monthly, yearly, etc.
The structure of the daily and monthly thread is almost identical. Each chart calls a
module named html_graph with a small box icon in the bottom right corner of the
module. This indicates that the module is linked to a child diagram titled html_graph
containing a shared branch of code. A developer can double-click that module to see the
child diagram.
When little human effort, WinTranslator and WinA&D can scan PHP code to
automatically document each thread of execution and identify shared branches of code
that it places on a separate child diagram.
4. Structure Chart in WinA&D for Daily Graph Thread
Structure Chart in WinA&D for Monthly Graph Thread
Shared Diagram for HTML Graph
5. Class Model of Object-Oriented Code
Procedural programs define data structures and functions that access and manipulate that
data. As a program grows in size and complexity, the structural hierarchy of its modules
also grows. It becomes increasing difficult to keep track of which functions or threads of
execution are manipulating which data. Seemingly small changes can ripple through the
software system with unintended affects.
An object-oriented program organizes related data and functions into classes. To reduce
the ripple effect of program changes, the actual data structures are often hidden from the
other classes or functions that access that data through methods. The physical data
structure can change while the interface of the access method and its callers are
unaffected. Classes are reusable, self-contained, conceptual units of a program’s code
and data.
PHP supports object-oriented programming with classes, interfaces, attributes,
operations, constructors and destructors. A class can inherit another class, then reuse or
override its methods. Attribute and operation members of a class can have public, private
and protected access to limit accessibility of class members to other parts of the program.
The static structure of object-oriented programs can be represented with class diagrams
using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation. UML defines graphical notations
for describing and designing object-oriented software systems. It’s an open standard
controlled by the Object Management Group (OMG). Although UML has many diagram
types, class models are highlighted here to show static class structure and relationships.
UML Class Diagram for Online File Browser
6. A UML class diagram shows each class as a named box. The name of each class
attribute member is displayed in one section of the box, with class operation members
shown in another section. A class points to the parent class that it inherits.
In WinA&D, a class model can be drawn from a palette of tools. As each class instance
is placed on the diagram, it’s named in the Class Properties dialog. Each class has a
corresponding entry of the same name in the data dictionary where details of that class
are stored. Detailed information about a class is stored once, but can be presented on
many diagrams. Diagrams within the class model and in other types of diagram
documents share data stored in the global dictionary.
For a selected class object on the diagram, the Details button presents the Class Attributes
& Operations dialog. This dialog is used to define members of the class. In WinA&D
terminology, a class can have Attribute or Operation members. Behind the scenes,
WinA&D adds a dictionary entry for each class member with a name of the form
Class’Attribute or Class.Operation.
Each class member has a details dialog for defining language specific information for that
class member. WinA&D supports many programming languages for code generation
including PHP. Depending on which language is currently selected, the Attribute or
Operation Details dialog will vary slightly based on specific characteristics of the
selected language. WinA&D can concurrently store language specific details for multiple
languages for each modeling element.
The presentation of a class diagram can vary widely based on user-specified criteria.
Indications of pubic, private or protected access or function parameters can be shown or
hidden from the diagram. WinA&D gives the user a lot of flexibility to control how
classes are presented. Class members can be shown or hidden based on member type or
specific conditions related to the access or modifiers of each class member. Presentation
options can be applied across all diagrams, to specific diagrams or to individual instances
of a class.
Interface Objects
An interface object defines operation members without implementations. An interface
provides a contract that can be implemented by other classes. An interface looks similar
to a class box on the diagram with the addition of the <<interface>> stereotype at the top.
PHP Constants & Variables
Constants and variables of a PHP class are represented as class attributes in WinA&D.
Details of an attribute like its access, description and qualifications (static, constant and
initializer) are entered into the Attribute Details dialog and stored in the dictionary entry
for that attribute.
7. PHP Constants & Variables
The bottom left corner of a class member detail dialog may have Up and Down arrows
enabled. Click these arrow icons to navigate between items in a class member list
(attributes, operations, etc.) to quickly make editing changes.
PHP Methods, Constructors and Destructors
Methods, constructors and destructors of a PHP class are represented as operations in
WinA&D. Details of an operation like its access, description, arguments and
qualifications (Abstract, Static, Final) are entered into the Operation Details dialog and
stored in the dictionary entry for that operation.
PHP Methods, Constructors and Destructors
8. A PHP constructor is a method that is executed when an object is instantiated from a
class. The constructor name is normally __construct(), but for backwards compatibility
the method can have the same name as the class itself. PHP classes have an implicit
destructor function. Starting with PHP 5.0, an explicit destructor function named
__destruct() can be defined for a class.
Namespaces
The WinA&D modeling tool has a namespace feature that serves several purposes.
Namespaces can partition the models and dictionary information for a large project into
different domains like communication, interface, database or control. Many features can
be driven by namespace like report generation, import/export and naming conventions.
Namespaces are also used to identify the path to code folders that contain the source code
for a project.
For Java code, namespaces are used to represent packages during the design phase of a
project. For the C# language, namespaces represent that language’s namespace construct.
PHP code files are typically stored in one or more code folders. When capturing the
design structure of PHP code, namespaces can automatically be assigned to generate
class and function entries. These namespaces are then used to organize the generated
diagrams and link diagram objects to the associated code files.
Code Generation
PHP code generation in WinA&D uses information from a class model and its associated
dictionary entries. The code generation process is similar to that used for other object-
oriented and procedural languages.
For an object-oriented language, the resulting code includes a declaration for each class,
or interface with empty function frames for each method. Textual descriptions in the
design can be added as class, attribute and method comments in the code.
A checkbox on the customization dialog allows text from the Notes panel of the
Operation Details dialog to be inserted into the generated function frame, thus making it
easy to include programming comments or source code from the design model into the
generated function frames of the PHP code.
9. Customize Code
The Generate->Code->Customize command presents a dialog to customize the generated
code.
Dialog to Customize Generated PHP Code
The Customize dialog provides some control over what gets generated. For example, you
can include a predefined file header at the beginning of each generated code file and
automatically insert fields like the current time stamp, user name, organization, etc.
Generate Class and Interface Code from Class Diagram
WinA&D has two commands for generating code from a class model, the Batch and
Class Unit commands on the Generate->Code submenu.
The Generate Code button on the tool bar runs the Batch or Class Unit command.
The Class Unit command for a selected class A automatically generates the code file
named A.php and prompts for a folder to store the resulting file. The Batch code
command generates code for one or more selected class or interface objects and prompts
for a file name and location. The customization dialog has options that control how a file
is named, where its stored and whether the user is prompted for a file name or location.
Generate Function Code from Structure Chart
WinA&D can generate a PHP code file that contains selected modules or all modules on
a diagram to a new code file or inserted into an existing code file. The generate code
frames include arguments, descriptions and implementation notes from the design.
10. Reverse Engineering
WinTranslator is a reverse engineering tool that scans source code and extracts design
information to a text file. That file is imported into empty project files created in
WinA&D where diagrams can be automatically generated. The reengineering process is
fully automated to quickly produce accurate diagrams of unfamiliar code.
WinTranslator can be used to generate class models from object-oriented code, structure
charts from procedural code or data models from SQL. For this discuss, we’ll focus on
the generation of class models and structure charts from PHP code.
The user clicks the Reengineer Project button to present a step-by-step dialog that
identifies the source language (like PHP), source code folders and other options.
WinTranslator scans the code and outputs a text file of design information.
Scan PHP Code to Extract Design
Information with WinTranslator
The output from WinTranslator for a PHP project consists of a Dictionary.rp file in each
code folder. A Dictionary.list file in the designated WinTranslator project folder
references those .rp files.
Within WinA&D, use the New Project dialog to create a new project with Dictionary,
Class Model and Structure Model documents and set the language to PHP. Open the
generated project documents.
11. From the Dictionary window, import the Dictionary.list file generated by WinTranslator.
The project now has a dictionary populated with design information extracted from the
source code. WinA&D has options to color dictionary entries based on type or to
structure entries hierarchically to more easily identify entries for classes, interfaces, class
attribute and operation members and modules (functions).
From the Class window, use the Generate->Class Model->From Dictionary command to
present the Class Model From Dictionary dialog. From this dialog, a class diagram can
be generated for each logically related cluster of classes. For a smaller project, all classes
can be included on one diagram.
Generate Class Model from Dictionary Information
WinTranslator also produces a Child List.rp file in each code folder and a combined list
file named Child List.list in the project folder. That file can be imported into the Design
window in WinA&D to generate structure charts.
Generate Structure Charts in WinA&D
from PHP Code using WinTranslator
12. WinA&D has the ability to generate a separate Structure Chart for each thread of
execution from the imported child list information. It can also help a developer locate the
topmost root module for each Structure Chart diagram.
The Prompt for Root Module Name checkbox will analyze the depth of the module-
calling tree under each module to identify candidate root modules. Select one or more
modules, and a structure chart will be generated as a separate diagram for each.
Diagrams are automatically leveled so modules with lots of child modules get pushed to a
child diagram. Several threads of execution may reuse the same branch of a program that
is shown on a shared diagram.
Modules on a Structure Chart diagram or class objects on a Class diagram are linked
directly to the associated PHP code. A developer can click through diagrams to see the
program structure and then click directly to the associated function or class code linked to
a diagram object. Code is presented in the integrated Code or Browse window.
Summary
This paper shows how PHP programs can be represented as UML class models and
structure charts. Each thread of execution in a procedural PHP program yields a separate
structure chart stored in one or more documents. Models can be used as a basis for new
code development or generated from existing code to understand its structure.
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