PHL 111 Milestone Two Worksheet Use the following guiding questions to help you develop the remainder of the Argument section and the Your Argument section of your critical essay. First, answer each of the questions below to draft your ideas. Then, complete the Outline for Writing section, using your answers to the questions to help you draft a paragraph response for each of the sections below. II. This set of questions is designed to help you draft ideas for the remaining parts of the Presented Argument section for your critical essay. A. Looking at the article that you have chosen, explain how the argument contains or avoids bias. i. Does the argument contain or avoid bias? How? ii. Provide specific examples to support your explanation. B. Discuss the credibility of the overall argument and answer the following: i. Were the resources upon which the argument is built credible? · Why or why not? ii. Does the credibility support or undermine the article’s claims in any important ways? · How? Outline for Writing The argument that I have selected contains/avoids bias. It does this by (provide examples). I have assessed the credibility of the argument to be credible/not credible because the resources in the article were credible/not credible in that they . The credibility of this article supports/undermines the argument’s claims by . III. Before answering the questions below and drafting the YourArgument section of your critical essay, read the articles listed under “Additional Resources” and “Scholarly Resources” columns for your article found on the Final Project Topics and Resources Page in Blackboard. Then, use these additional resources to craft your own counterargument to the argument initially presented in your chosen article. A. Construct an alternative argument to that of your selected article. i. After reading the Additional and Scholarly resources associated with your primary article, construct an alternative argument to the claim being made in your primary article. ii. What are the premises and conclusion of your argument? iii. What evidence or additional research supports the claim you are making in your argument? B. Explain the logic and reasoning you are planning to use to advance your argument. i. What assumptions and resources can you use to advance your argument? C. Identify any weaknesses in your argument that would require additional research or support. D. Explain how your previously identified personal experience with the topic may create emotional influences, values or bias. Outline for Writing My claim of my alternative argument is . My premises, , lead to the conclusion that . I make this claim because of (describe your evidence and resources). This argument considers assumptions. Some weaknesses in this argument are and require additional research pertaining to . The personal experiences that I have identified previously with regard to this topic may create as a form of emotional influ.

1. PHL 111 Milestone Two Worksheet
Use the following guiding questions to help you develop the
remainder of the Argument section and the Your Argument
section of your critical essay. First, answer each of the
questions below to draft your ideas. Then, complete the Outline
for Writing section, using your answers to the questions to help
you draft a paragraph response for each of the sections below.
II. This set of questions is designed to help you draft ideas for
the remaining parts of the Presented Argument section for your
critical essay.
A. Looking at the article that you have chosen, explain how the
argument contains or avoids bias.
i. Does the argument contain or avoid bias? How?
ii. Provide specific examples to support your explanation.
B. Discuss the credibility of the overall argument and answer
the following:
i. Were the resources upon which the argument is built credible?
· Why or why not?
ii. Does the credibility support or undermine the article’s claims
in any important ways?
· How?
Outline for Writing

2. The argument that I have selected contains/avoids bias. It does
this by (provide examples). I have assessed the credibility of
the argument to be credible/not credible because the resources
in the article were credible/not credible in that they . The
credibility of this article supports/undermines the argument’s
claims by .
III. Before answering the questions below and drafting the
YourArgument section of your critical essay, read the articles
listed under “Additional Resources” and “Scholarly Resources”
columns for your article found on the Final Project Topics and
Resources Page in Blackboard. Then, use these additional
resources to craft your own counterargument to the argument
initially presented in your chosen article.
A. Construct an alternative argument to that of your selected
article.
i. After reading the Additional and Scholarly resources
associated with your primary article, construct an alternative
argument to the claim being made in your primary article.
ii. What are the premises and conclusion of your argument?
iii. What evidence or additional research supports the claim you
are making in your argument?
B. Explain the logic and reasoning you are planning to use to
advance your argument.
i. What assumptions and resources can you use to advance your
argument?
C. Identify any weaknesses in your argument that would require
additional research or support.

3. D. Explain how your previously identified personal experience
with the topic may create emotional influences, values or bias.
Outline for Writing
My claim of my alternative argument is . My premises, , lead to
the conclusion that . I make this claim because of (describe
your evidence and resources). This argument considers
assumptions. Some weaknesses in this argument are and require
additional research pertaining to . The personal experiences that
I have identified previously with regard to this topic may create
as a form of emotional influence/values/bias in this argument.
PHL 111 Milestone One Worksheet
Use the guiding questions below to help you develop the
Introduction sectionand Parts A, B, and C of the Presented
Argument section of your final project. The more rigor and
detail that you put into answering these questions and drafting
your responses in paragraph form, the more you set yourself up
for success on the final project, your critical essay. First,
answer each of the questions below to draft your ideas. Then,
complete the Outline for Writing section, using your answers to
the questions to help you draft a paragraph response for each of
the two sections below.
I. Use the following guiding questions to help you draft the
Introduction section of your final project.
A. Provide a brief overview of your topic.
i. What is the premise or premises for the argument? Online
education is becoming increasing popular, but it also has a large
number of benefits that the traditional brick-and-mortar

4. educational institution doesn’t have, including scheduling
flexibility,
ii. Why is the topic being discussed? This topic is being
discussed because online education is where education is going
in the future. For centuries, educational institutions were
“brick-and-mortar,” but with the rise of the Internet, the
schoolroom can be
iii. What is the conclusion?
B. Describe any personal connection that you may have to the
topic.
i. Why is this topic of interest to you? I have a personal
connection to the topic because I obviously m an online student
myself, and therefore the topic of the positives and negatives
associated with this kind of education will be near and dear to
my heart, as a student who wishes to get the best education
possible.
Outline for Writing
The topic I have chosen to focus on for my final project is
online versus traditional education. To summarize, the topic
presented in this article is about a few of the most important
benefits regarding the process of online education. The premise
or premises for the argument is/are that online education saves
students time, offers them individiualized pedagogic modalities
through which to learn and approach the subject, and interaction
with students and experiences that they would have never
otherwise experienced. This topic is relevant and being
discussed because online education is becoming more and more
popular as a means of education. The conclusion is that, at the
end of the day, the positives associated with online education
far outweigh the negatives, and that online education is the way
of the future because of its list of comparative advantages.. The

5. personal connection I have to this topic is that I myself am an
online student, and therefore have a genuine interest in learning
about the advantages and disadvantages associated with each
form of learning and teaching . This topic is of particular
interest to me because not only am I a student personally
invested, but many of my friends and family members are
making the same choice of online education..
II. In this section, you will begin to explore the argument in
your chosen artifact. You will uncover the logical structure of
the argument.
A. Describe the argument made by the article and artifact.
B. Identify the key facts, research, or resources the argument is
based on. Provide as many examples as possible to support your
identification, as this will help you with your final project.
I. First, he argues that brick-and-mortar education is getting
relatively more expensive, and you can’t reach even a small
fraction of the students that you would virtually. This kind of
“leverage,” as he calls it, is impossible without virtual
education.
A. Teachers can reach far more students, thereby being
much more effective in leveraging their time and use of
resources. (Obviously, benefits are not only to be had by the
students, but also by faculty.)
II. Another positive that he lists is “individualized teaching and
new technologies.”
A. While in a brick-and-mortar classroom pretty much a
“one technique catch all” approach needs to be used, in an
online environment, teachers can cater individual technological

6. approaches to students. (I, for one, however, have rarely seen
this kind of personalized catering.)
C. Describe the logic and reasoning used to advance the
argument.
i. Considering the premises and conclusion, what logic and
reasoning is used to advance the argument? There is not really a
formal logical argument that is being used, but instead the
author just uses a preponderance of the evidence being
considered. He looks at his own arguments, which are largely
pro-online education, considers counter-arguments and
dismissed them based off of
ii. What questions are left unanswered? Describe any gaps or
weaknesses present in the logic and reasoning used to advance
the argument. One of the major weaknesses of the author is that
he automatically assumes that the technological innovations
associated with online education are necessarily good and
worthy of pursuit. For example, he assumes that it’s a good
thing that the professor is expected to fine-tune your teaching
toward every student. He just assumes this, but doesn’t
actually bother positively arguing for it.
Outline for Writing
The argument being made by my chosen article/artifact is that
online educators can more greatly leverage their teaching time,
and students can better tailor the learning experience to
themselves in a number of ways because of technological
integration (be sure to use some detail to describe the argument
being made). This argument is based on the following key facts,
research, and/or resources: (be sure to provide specific
examples). The logic and reasoning used to advance this

7. argument is Alex Tabarrok’s article “Why Online Education
Works.” Considering the premises and conclusion that are
advanced in the article, the logic and reasoning used to advance
the argument is a considered preponderance of the evidence, as
well as a rational, fair consideration of their associated
counterarguments. I have the following questions that are not
answered by the article: Why should online professors cater to
individual students’ learning preferences? Therefore, a gap or
weakness in the article is sometimes the author assumes that the
innovations associated with online education are necessarily
good innovations. He doesn’t really critically assess the
goodness or these new approaches, but just accepts them.
PHL 111 Milestone Two Guidelines and Rubric
Overview: In Milestone One, you organized the Introduction
section and Parts A, B, and C of the Presented Argument section
of your final project, the critical
essay.
For Milestone Two, you will use the Milestone Two Worksheet
to organize parts D and E of the Presented Argument and the
Your Argument sections of your
critical essay. This work will help you to further establish your
final project.
Prompt: Complete the Milestone Two Worksheet and use your
answers to draft a paragraph for each of the sections below.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

8. II. Presented Argument: Explore the position advanced in your
chosen article.
D. Bias: Describe the bias or lack of bias in the article that you
selected.
E. Credibility: Discuss the credibility of the overall argument.
Why or why not?
Does the credibility of the resources support or undermine
the article’s claims? How?
III. Your Argument: Begin to craft your counterargument to the
argument presented in the primary article for your chosen topic.
A. Alternative Argument: Submit the claim that you are making
in your alternative argument.
Additional Resources and Scholarly Resources sections found
on the Final
Project Topics and Resources page.
B. Logic and Reasoning: Explain the logic and reasoning used
to craft your argument.
resources you are using?
C. Weaknesses: Identify weaknesses in your argument that
would require additional research of support

9. D. Bias: Explain how your previously identified personal
experience with the topic may create emotional influences,
values, or bias.
Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Complete the Milestone Two
Worksheet.
http://snhu-
media.snhu.edu/files/course_repository/undergraduate/phl/phl11
1/phl111_milestone_two_worksheet.docx
Critical Elements Proficient (100%) Needs Improvement (75%)
Not Evident (0%) Value
Presented
Argument: Bias
Explains bias in the selected article and
provides examples
Explains bias in the selected article but does
not provide examples
Does not explain the selected article’s bias or
give examples
15

10. Presented
Argument:
Credibility
Provides assessment of the credibility of the
argument and its resources and the impact on
the argument
Provides assessment of the credibility of the
argument and its impact but lacks clarity or is
too wordy
Does not provide assessment of the
credibility of the selected article or its impact
on the argument
15
Your Argument:
Alternative
Argument
Constructs an alternative argument to the
artifact, supported by the provided resources
or additional research
Constructs an alternative argument to the
artifact but does not provide specific support
or support provided is cursory, illogical, or
inaccurate
Does not construct an alternative argument
to the artifact
15

11. Your Argument:
Logic and
Reasoning
Explains the logic and reasoning used to craft
the argument
Explains the logic and reasoning used to craft
the argument but explanation is cursory,
illogical, or contains inaccuracies
Does not explain the logic and reasoning used
to craft the argument
15
Your Argument:
Weaknesses
Identifies any weaknesses within the
argument that require additional research or
support
Identifies any weaknesses within the
argument but identification is cursory,
illogical, or contains inaccuracies
Does not identify any weaknesses within the
argument
15
Your Argument:
Bias
Explains how previously identified personal

12. experience with the topic may create
emotional influences, values, or other bias
Explains how previously identified personal
experience with the topic may create
emotional influences, values, or other bias,
but explanation is cursory or illogical
Does not explain how previously identified
personal experience with the topic may
create emotional influences, values, or other
bias
15
Articulation of
Response
Submission has no major errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization
Submission has major errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization that negatively impact
readability and articulation of main ideas
Submission has critical errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization that prevent understanding of
ideas
10
Total 100%