The document summarizes Philippine Agenda 21 (PA 21), the Philippines' national action plan for sustainable development. PA 21 aims to balance economic development, environmental protection, social reform, and empowerment of the people. It outlines principles of sustainable development including spiritual development, human development, social/cultural development, political development, economic development, and ecological development. PA 21's goals include poverty reduction, social equity, empowerment, peace, and maintaining ecological integrity.

1. A REPORT ON PHILIPPINE AGENDA
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Atienza, Alysia
Belicano, Roxanne
Calamagohoy, Agnes

2. • Sustainable development is development that meets the needs
of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
• Development that meets the need of the present without
compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their
own needs. (Brundtland, 1987)
• It is the harmonious integration of a sound and viable
economy ; responsible governance ; social cohesion; and
ecological integrity to ensure that development is a life-
sustaining process.

3.  Economic Development
 Environment Protection
 Social Reform
 People’s Empowerment

5.  SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT
Unless we see and explicitly acknowledge the spiritual in
nature, human beings and society in our framework of
development, we can never do justice to the strong
sense of Philippine spirituality that permeates Philippine
Agenda 21.
 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Existing measures of human development, such as the
Human Development Index (HDI), which are limited to
health, education and income, indicate some
improvement over time. This improvement has in part
been achieved through greater empowerment of the
populace.

6.  SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
• Promoting resource access and upholding property rights
• Promoting environmental awareness, inculcating environment
ethics and supporting environment management action
 POLITICAL DEVEL0PMENT
• Empowering the people
• Maintaining peace and order
 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
• Maintaining a sustainable population
• Maintaining productivity and profitability of environment and
natural resources

7.  ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
• Adopting environmental management weapons in policy and decision
making
• Protecting the environment and conserving natural resources

9.  Agenda 21 is an action plan of the United Nations (UN) related
to sustainable development and was an outcome of the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development(UNCED) held in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is a comprehensive blueprint of action to be
taken globally, nationally and locally by organizations of the UN,
governments, and major groups in every area in which humans directly
affect the environment.
 It recognizes that sustainable development is primarily the
responsibility of governments, and this will require national strategies,
plans and policies. The efforts of nations need to be linked by
international cooperation through such organizations as the United
Nations. The broadest public participation, and the active involvement
of the non-governmental organizations and other groups should also
be encouraged.

10.  The objectives of Agenda 21 require substantial
assistance for developing countries. They need this
additional support to cover the incremental costs of
actions to deal with global environmental problems, and to
accelerate sustainable development. Money is also
needed to allow international bodies to implement the
recommendations of Agenda 21.

12.  At the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, over 160
countries, including the Philippines, pledged to pursue sustainable
development as embodied in Agenda 21. This global agenda
attempted to find the balance between development fueled by the
rapid integration of nations into the world economy and the impacts of
this process on the environment and society.
 As a demonstration of this commitment, the Philippine Government
under the Ramos administration created the Philippine Council for
Sustainable Development (PCSD). Subsequently the PCSD convened a
nation-wide process to produce PA21. During the consultations, it
became clear that PA21, to be truly sustainable, had to find a creative
response to the opportunities and challenges of globalization.

13.  is the nation's blueprint for sustainable development. In
concreting the vision, it describes a path for
individuals, families, households and communities; an action plan
for each ecosystem
(coastal/marine, freshwater, upland, lowland, and urban); and
across ecosystems in consideration of the interaction of the
various lifescapes and landscapes found therein. The path is
grounded on respect and active advocacy for the empowerment
of the various social groupings of society to manage the
economy, critical resources, society and culture, politics and
governance and in the arena of foreign relations.

14. PHILIPPINE AGENDA 21 (PA 21) IS OUR OWN NATIONAL
AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. IT IS BASICALLY
MADE UP OF:
- The Principles of Unity
 - The Action Agenda
 - The Implementation Strategies

15. Philippine Agenda 21 advocates a fundamental shift in development thinking
and approach. It departs from traditional conceptual frameworks that
emphasize sector-based and macro concerns. Philippine Agenda 21 promotes
harmony and achieves sustainability by emphasizing.
 A scale of intervention that is primarily area-based. The
national and global policy environment builds upon and
supports area-based initiatives.
 Integrated island development approaches where
applicable. This recognizes the archipelagic character of
the Philippines which includes many small island
provinces.

16.  People and integrity of nature at the center of
development initiatives. This implies the strengthening
of roles, relationships, and interactions between and
among stakeholders in government, civil society, labor
and business. Basic sectors have an important role to
play in achieving equity and managing the ecosystems
that sustain life.

17. Primacy of Developing Full Human Potential This puts
man at the center of all development efforts.
Holistic Science and Appropriate Technology. Implies
development of appropriate technology to solve development
problems with due consideration to its impact to society and
ecology.
Cultural, Moral and Spiritual Sensitivity. Considers the
inherent strengths of local and indigenous
knowledge, practices and beliefs, while respecting cultural
diversity, moral standards and the spiritual nature of the
Filipino society.

18. National Sovereignty. Self-determination at the national
level to pursue social and ecological concerns in its
governance to achieve human, environmental and food
security.
Gender Sensitivity. Recognize the importance of
complementary roles and empowerment of both women and
men in development.
Peace, Order and National Unity. Makes sure that the
right of everyone to a peaceful and secure existence is
respected.

19.  SocialJustice, Inter-and Intra-Generational Equity
and Spatial Equity. Equal distribution of resources to
everyone (including future generations) and the provision
of equal access to development opportunities and
benefits to all.
 Participatory Democracy. Puts value and support to the
participation of all in the decision-making process.
 Institutional Viability. Since SD is everyone’s concern,
institutional structures should promote joint responsibility,
unity and partnership among all.

20.  Viable, Sound and Broad-based Economic
Development. Requires working for development that is
based on stable economy, where everyone equally shares
the benefits of progress.
 Sustainable Population. Needs to maintain a number of
people that can be supported by the limited capacity of our
natural resources.
 Ecological Soundness. Requires that we recognize the
earth as a common heritage that belongs to all of us, and
everyone should care for its capacity to support us and the
future generations.

21.  Bio-geographical Equity and Community-Based
Resource Management. Means entrusting to the people
residing near or within an ecosystem the primary right to
manage its resources.
 Global Cooperation. Requires international solidarity of
every nation’s effort to build a better life and safer
environment.

22.  PA 21 envisions a better quality of life for all Filipinos
through the development of a just, moral and
creative, spiritual, economically
vibrant, caring, diverse yet cohesive society
characterized by appropriate
productivity, participatory and democratic
processes, and living in harmony and within the limits
of the carrying capacity of nature and the integrity of
creation.

23.  Poverty Reduction: Poverty is a central concern of
sustainable development. Consistent with this, the
various consultations for the updating of PA 21 have
yielded poverty reduction agenda that includes
measures to create an enabling economic environment
for sustained and broad-based growth; improve
employment, productivity and income; and attain food
security.

24.  Social Equity: Social equity should mean
allocation of resources on the bases of
efficiency and equity to achieve balanced
development. Efficiency and equity mean the
channeling of resources to developing areas
where greater economic benefits accumulate
and where there is greater need, distribution
being dependent on the practicality and
urgency of needs.

25.  Empowerment and Good Governance:
Empowerment is a precondition of informal
choices. Good governance is a necessary
precondition to empowerment, as empowerment
is to good governance. These two are a defining
element of each other.

26.  Peace and Solidarity: The cycle of poverty and
conflict goes on as the costs of war escalate in
terms of various kinds of destruction while
withholding funds for basic services, resulting
in more poverty and underdevelopment.

27.  Ecological Integrity: In general, the path
towards enhancing the integrity of the
country’s ecological domain will have to
involve heightened and sustained
implementation of environmental laws, as well
as the continued pursuit of resource
conservation, and environmental
restoration/enhancement programs.