The document summarizes the key events and outcomes of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm, Sweden, also known as the Stockholm Conference. The conference resulted in the Stockholm Declaration and Action Plan for the Human Environment. It established the United Nations Environment Programme and marked the beginning of global cooperation on environmental issues. The conference highlighted the link between economic growth, pollution, and human well-being.

1. “50 Years of Stockholm Syndrome
“Sustainable Development Agenda”
5th June’1972
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5th June 2022

2.  20th May 1968- The Swedish Government proposed to convene a
conference under UN, to work on a solution for the problems of human
environment.
 30 July 1968 - UN - E&S Council recommended the General Assembly to
include the item entitled “The problems of human environment” in the
agenda of its twenty-third session
 3rd December 1968 - The General Assembly adopted resolution 2398
(XXIII), decided to convene a United Nations Conference on the Human
Environment
 7th December 1970 - At its twenty-fifth session, the General Assembly
considered the item “United Nations Conference on the Human
Environment”.
 24 September 1971 - An inter-governmental working group started
preparing a draft declaration and four other working groups on issues of
marine pollution, soils, surveillance and conservation, respectively.
 10th March 1972 - The Preparatory Committee agreed upon a draft
preamble and principles of a declaration on the human environment, and
further agreed to forward the draft declaration to the Conference for
consideration

3.  Take Away :
 A series of principles for sound management of the environment
including the Stockholm Declaration, and
 Action Plan for the Human Environment and several resolutions.
 The Stockholm Declaration –
 26 principles about environmental issues of international concerns
 Start of a dialogue between industrialized and developing countries
on the link between economic growth, the pollution of the air,
water, and oceans and the well-being of people around the world.
 The Action Plan:
 a) Global Environmental Assessment Programme (watch plan);
 b) Environmental management activities;
 c) International measures to support assessment and management
activities carried out at the national and international levels. (109
recommendations.
 One of the major results of the Stockholm conference was
the creation of the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP).

4.  Out Come :
 Attended by 113 Member States of the United Nations, as well as
members of the specialized agencies of the United Nations.
 A large number of papers received from Governments as well as
inter-governmental and nongovernmental organizations,
including 86 national reports on environmental problems
 A Working Group on the Declaration on the Human
Environment as well as three main committees to study the six
substantive items on its agenda, namely:
 Planning and management of human settlements for
environmental quality;
 Educational, informational, social and cultural aspects of
environmental quality;
 Environmental aspects of natural resources management;
development and environment; identification and control of
pollutants of broad international significance; and international
organizational implications of action proposals.

5. The Folkets Hus building (center) in Stockholm, Sweden, which hosted the
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, 16 May 1972. UN
Photo/Yutaka Nagata

6.  Fifty years later, after the temperature rose by more
than 1 Deg C from pre Industrial era , humans realized
the stresses they have created and placed on Earth
 Climate change, Nature disturbance and Biodiversity
loss, and pollution and waste –evidence that Earth is
“code red” is all around us and growing more ominous
every day.
 The way out of this dilemma is to transform our
economies and societies to make them inclusive, fair,
and more connected with nature. We must shift from
harming the planet to healing it.
 Time is running out to bring people and nature back
into balance.

7.  To protect and improve the environment is a constitutional
mandate.
 Articles 48-A and 51-A. Clause (g) - Indian Government made
42nd Amendment to the Constitution in 1976. The Constitution
was amended to introduce direct provisions for protection of
environment. (Directive Principles of State Policy)
 Article49-A: “The State shall Endeavour to protect and improve
the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the
country.”
 Article 51-A (g) which deals with Fundamental Duties of the
citizens states: “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to
protect and improve the natural environment including forests,
lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living
creatures.”
 The constitutional rights enabled the government to design and
implement various acts, rules and regulations for the protection
of environment in accordance to Stockholm Declaration

8.  The Philippines has sound and comprehensive environmental laws and
policies
 The direction of ENR management in the country has been set by the
1987 Philippine Constitution, which expressly recognized the right of
people “to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm
and harmony of nature” (Article II, section 16)
 As early as the 1970s, and even before the concept became
internationally recognized, sustainable development was already
institutionalized in the Philippines as a policy. This can be gathered
from the Presidential Decree No. 1151 (1977), otherwise known as the
Philippine Environmental Policy (PEP), which encouraged the widest
exploitation of natural resources, subject to the condition that it shall
not degrade the same or endanger human life, health, and safety and
shall not create conditions adverse to agriculture, commerce, and
industry.
 1989 Philippine National Strategy for Sustainable Development and the
1996 Action Plan for Sustainable Development, also known as
Philippine Agenda 21.

9.  Environmental problems in Poland were highlighted during the
1980s.
 With the round table meetings concern about the environment
reached a new high point.
 Decisions were taken to close certain enterprises which were
particularly damaging to the environment.
 With the recession during early 1990s, public concern about
rising unemployment downgraded the environment as an issue,
with the result that some of the condemned businesses were
reprieved, at least temporarily.
 In the public sector, work on cleaning up and on remedying
deficiencies in infrastructure (such as building municipal sewage
works) has proceeded more slowly than might have been
expected.
 With this during 1990 s, the environmental laws and during ealy
2000, SDG targets are fixed for the country.

10. UN Sustainable
Development Summit
New York
September 2015
Outcome: Adoption of the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable
Development, with 17
SDGs at its core
SDG Index Ranking, 2022
1- Finland (86.5)
2- Denmark(85.6)
3-Sweden (85.1)
4-Norway (82.51)
5. Austria(82.32)
12- Poland (80.5)
95-Phillipines (66.6)
121- India (60.32)

11.  Earth faces a triple planetary emergency:
 the climate is heating up too quickly for people and nature to adapt;
 habitat loss and other pressures mean an estimated 1 million species are threatened
with extinction; and
 pollution continues to poison our air, land and water. •
 Seasons are shifting and storms are intensifying; floods, droughts, heat waves and
wildfires are becoming more frequent and devastating.
 The climate crisis is adding to the pressures on nature, as species and ecosystems struggle
to adapt.
 Critical habitats from rainforests to wetlands continue to be lost to human expansion,
including deforestation to make way for farming.
 Logging, overfishing and the illegal wildlife trade are hollowing out populations of rare
plants and animals.
 Air pollution, much of it from the burning of fossil fuels, causes around 7 million
premature deaths a year.
 Nutrients from farming, sediment from soil erosion and discarded plastic waste are
polluting both fresh and coastal waters

12. “Living
Sustainability in
Harmony with
Nature”

13.  Tackling Earth’s interlinked environmental and social
challenges requires holistic solutions.
 Piecemeal actions have failed to prevent the problems,
and systemic, transformative changes are needed to
answer Earth’s call for help.
 The good news is the solutions and the technology
exist and are increasingly affordable
 Transformative change involves shifts in world views
and values in addition to the technological, economic
and social organization of our societies

14.  Innovation, learning and cooperation, and the adaptation of governance structures,
 Cross-sectoral planning and integrated approaches to find synergies and manage trade-
offs in areas including food, mobility, construction, water, energy, ecosystems and
human health.
 Making sustainable living the default option
 Transformative options need to be available, affordable and attractive to individuals so
that they can make better daily decisions.
 Many of these options can only be created by : national and sub-national governments,
financial institutions, businesses, international organizations, and other organizations
with the power to rewrite the rules, frame our ambition and open up new horizons.
 Those already committed can set in motion new policies, planning and investments.
 Replicate Success stories
 Successful advocacy and define accountability
 Along with energy, production systems and the protection of biodiversity, key areas for
transformation include global trade and transport systems, how we build and live in our
homes, cities and places of work and worship, how and where our money is invested,
food systems, and what we do for fun.

15.  Lead from the top.
 Phase out fossil fuels.
 Introduce policies that incentivize renewable energy and promote
energy efficiency.
 Tax carbon.
 Incentivize industries to develop climate-friendly processes and
products, and property developers to build in energy efficiency.
 Invest in renewable energy infrastructure,
 Energy efficiency and clean transport
 Promote and support climate-smart and sustainable agriculture.
 Halt and reverse deforestation.
 Ensure all finances – including pensions, savings and insurance –
are kept in portfolios that support sustainable initiatives and do not
harm the climate, human health or nature.
 Use procurement powers to promote sustainable living. use public
transport to come to work.
 And So on.............

16.  Choose the most affected aspect and impact
 Choose the Design technology
 Identify the natural indicators for monitoring along
side the modern technology
 Stake Holder Consultation for resolving local issues
 Always choose a local solution for any problem except
technology issue
 Respect and conserve the local Bio diversity
 Educate People around the new setup to know more
about the proposed/ operational activity, and
 So On.....................

17.  Use of Spent Catalyst – Resources Conservation
 Use of Forest Rejects – Resources Conservation and
Prevention of Forest Fire
 Stake Holder Consultation – Reopening of log jammed
project
 Hybrid Renewable Generation – More renewable
Energy
 Logistics arrangement of raw material
 Turn around Design of Rehabilitation Village

19.  Dedicated 35 Years of my life to fight and establish that
“Environmental matter is a need not a liability” to
Industries and “Believe in Industries – They are
complying and keep complying the stipulations to
beyond Compliance level” to regulators.
Bijan Mishra
5th June”2022