Phenol and aniline are organic compounds derived from benzene. Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, contains a hydroxyl group bonded to an aromatic hydrocarbon. It can be prepared through oxidation of benzene, cumene, chlorobenzene, or diazonium salts. Phenol undergoes acylation, halogenation, carboxylation, and other reactions. Its structure exhibits resonance. Aniline contains an amino group bonded to a phenyl group. It can be prepared from nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, or benzoic acid. Aniline undergoes various substitution and addition reactions. Its structure also exhibits resonance, contributing to its weak basicity.

1. Topic : Phenol & Aniline
Presented by: Mohabbat Mandal Presented to:
ID:171-150-0-155 Laudmila Haque
Mehedi Hasan Naim Sr. Lecturer of Environmental Science
ID:171-151-0-155 BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology
Afrana Anam Any
ID:171-152-0-155
Shahadat Hossain
ID:171-153-0-155
Kamrul Islam Omi
ID:171-154-0-155

2. Content
1. Introduction
2. Phenol Preparations
3. Reactions with Phenol
4. Resonance of Phenol
5. Aniline Preparation
6. Reactions of Aniline
7. Resonance of Aniline

3. Phenol
• In organic chemistry, a class of chemical
compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group
(—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic
hydrocarbon group. The simplest of the
class is phenol, which is also called
carbolic acid 𝐶6 𝐻5OH.
Aniline
• Aniline is an organic compound consisting
of a phenyl group(C6H5) attached to an
amino group (—NH2) .The formula is
C6H5NH2.

4. Phenol Preparations
benzene sulfonic acid
chlorobenzene
cumene
diazonium salts
Acidic Oxidation
From Sodium Hydroxide
or by Base
From Sodium Hydroxide/
Chlorobenzene/Daw
process
By Hydrolysis
650k, 300atm

5. Reactions with Phenol
(Aryl ketone via C-acylation, a Friedel-Crafts reaction)
(ester via O-acylation, an esterification)
Acylation of Phenols
Halogenation
Carboxylation of Phenol
Aspirin
Acyl chloride

6. Resonance of Phenol
Phenol is acidic in nature. It will lose Hydrogen cation to form Phenoxide ion which is more
stable than Phenol. Resonance structures of Phenol:

7. Aniline Preparation
From Nitrobenzene
From chlorobenzene
From Benzoic acid

8. Reactions of Aniline
1.
2.
3.

9. 4.

10. Resonance of Aniline
Basicity: Aniline is a weak base. ... Traditionally, the weak basicity of aniline is attributed to a
combination of inductive effect from the more electronegative sp2 carbon and resonance effects,
as the lone pair on the nitrogen is partially delocalized into the pi system of the benzene ring.

11. Thank you