- There are 17 types of penguins that live in various parts of the world. They range greatly in size, from the smallest little blue penguin weighing 1.2 kg to the extinct giant penguin weighing as much as an adult human. - Penguins nest in different ways depending on the species, such as in colonies on the open ground, underground burrows, under bushes or rocks, or in forest areas. - All penguins mainly eat fish and squid, though some also consume krill depending on their location and environment.