The document discusses the present perfect tense. It explains that the present perfect tense uses the present form of "to have" along with the past participle of the main verb. It provides examples of regular and irregular past participles. It also demonstrates how to form affirmative and negative sentences and ask questions in the present perfect tense. Examples are given like "I have been to several European countries" and "They have not seen my new car."

1. PEC 5
LESSON 8
PAST PARTICIPLE
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

2. PAST PARTICIPLE
In lesson eight you learned the present
perfect tense. We use the past
participle of a verb to form this tense.

3. PAST PARTICIPLE
Now look at this table with regular verbs.
Infinitive Past tense Past participle
To order
To recycle
To tape
To travel
ordered
recycled
taped
traveled
ordered
recycled
taped
traveled

4. PAST PARTICIPLE
Now look at this table with irregular verbs.
Infinitive Past tense Past participle
To be
To go
To hear
To see
was / were
went
heard
saw
been
gone
heard
seen

5. PAST PARTICIPLE
The past participle of regular verbs is the
same as the past tense form.
For some irregular verbs, such as to hear
and to leave, the past participle is the
same as the irregular past tense.
For other irregular verbs, such as to be, to go
and to see, the past participle is completely
different from the past tense form of these
verbs.

6. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
I have been to several European
countries.

7. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
I have been to several European
countries.
TO HAVE
(PRESENT TENSE)
PAST PARTICIPLE
OF THE VERB TO BE
Now let’s take look at this sentence.

8. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
You have been introduced to a new verb
tense. It’s a combination of have or has and
the past participle of the main verb in the
sentence. This new tense is the present
perfect tense.
We use the present perfect tense when we
want to talk about something that happened in
the past, without saying exactly when it
happened.

9. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
How to form the present perfect tense?
To form the present perfect tense, we use the
verb to have in the present tense and the past
participle of the main verb.
Bob has called his girlfriend.
Bob and Alice have enjoyed New York.

10. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Now look at this table with the present perfect tense.
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
have been to LA.
has gone to school.
have visited France.

11. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT PERFECT?
Read the sentences:
What´s the difference between them?
Ask WHEN the actions happened.
I went to the mall last night.
I have gone to the mall. NO ANSWERNO ANSWER

12. In SIMPLE PAST TENSE, when we ask when it
happened, we have an answer.
I went to school yesterday.
=
I have gone to school.
In PERFECT PERFECT TENSE, when we ask
when it happened, we DON´T have an answer
THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE

13. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Affirmative Contractions
I have finished... I've finished...
You have gone... You've gone...
He has ordered... He's ordered...
She has taped... She's taped...
It has waited... lt's waited...
We have called... We've called...
You have studied... You've studied...
They have left... They've left...

14. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Making negative sentences
They have seen my new car.
They have NOTNOT seen my new
car.
Alice has gone to Japan.
Alice has NOTNOT gone to Japan.

15. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Now look at this table.
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
have notnot been to LA.
has notnot gone to school.
have notnot visited France.

16. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Negative Contractions
I have not finished... I haven’t finished...
You have not gone... You haven’t gone...
He has not ordered... He hasn’t ordered...
She has not taped... She hasn’t taped...
It has not waited... It hasn’t waited...
We have not called... We haven’t called...
You have not studied... You haven’t studied...
They have not left... They haven’t left...

17. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Asking Questions
Lucas has ordered a hot dog.
Has Lucas ordered a hot dog?

18. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Asking Questions
Lucas and Julie have ordered pizzas.
Have Lucas and Julie ordered
pizzas?

19. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Lucas and Julie have ordered pizzas.
Lucas and Julie have not / haven’t
ordered pizzas.
Have Lucas and Julie ordered
pizzas?
Aff
Neg
Int

20. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Let’s check it!Let’s check it!
Grace ______________ English last night. (to study)
What ___________________? (you; to do)
STUDIED
HAVE YOU DONE

21. THE PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
Rick _________________ a hamburger. (to order)
Blair _____________ to LA in January. (to go)
Chuck and Selena ____________ their new teacher.
(to see)
Miley ______________ her grandmother. (to visit)
HAS ORDERED
WENTD
HAVE SEEN
HAS VISITED