The document discusses nonviolence and its principles: 1. It advocates refusing to harm others or accept exploitation, and believes in people's ability to change. 2. Nonviolence aims to defeat injustice, not people, through understanding rather than humiliation. It seeks to transform through suffering and education. 3. Various religious and philosophical traditions teach nonviolence and pacifism, believing that no one has the right to take a life. Aggression is learned rather than innate. 4. Nonviolence is a practical choice since violence is costly, while nonviolent tactics can be effective in creating change.

2. refusal to do no harm to other
humans as life is sacred and is
an absolute value
anchored in the belief that
humans have the potential to
change

3.  As long as people accept
exploitation, both exploiter and
exploited will be entangled in injustice
but once the exploited refuse to
accept the relationship, refuse to
cooperate with it, they’re already free.
 Nonviolence and cowardice do not
go together. Possession of arms
implies an element of fear, if not
cowardice.

4.  A person and his/her deeds are two distinct
things. Hate the sin but not the sinner.
 If we fight back(in a violent way), we will
become the vandal and they (oppressors)
will become the law.
 An eye for an eye will make the world blind.
 Nonviolence is more powerful for converting
the opponent and opening his ears which
are otherwise shut to the voice of reason.
 Nonviolence demands that the means used
should be as pure as the ends sought. Two
wrongs will not make one right. “If the end is
good the means must also be good.”

5. Nonviolence does not seek to
defeat of humiliate the opponent
but to win his friendship and
understanding.
Nonviolence seeks to defeat
injustice, not people.
Nonviolence thrives on love rather
than hatred.

6. Nonviolence requires
willingness to suffer and
amazing discipline in the midst
of provocation.
Nonviolence holds that
suffering can educate and
transform.

8.  In Jainism, it is taught that a wise person
“does not kill, nor cause others to kill, nor
consent to the killings by others”.
 Lao Tzu, founder Taoism taught that “weapons
are instruments of evil and not of a good
ruler”.
 In Buddhism, the precept “not to kill” is the
foundation for all Buddhist action. Everyone is
believed to have been born with a Buddha
nature so “no one has the right to take the life
of another”.

9.  Some theorist believed that aggression is an
innate instinct which should be diverted away
on to others to protect our intrapsychic
stability.
 Groups of scientist from around the world
wrote a statement countering the proposition
that violence is inherent in human nature.
 Bandura Ross & Ross theory was that
aggression is not inherent but is learned in the
process of socialization and, thus, may be
unlearned.

10. Nonviolence is a practical
choice. Tools and effects of
violence are costly.
Nonviolence works.

12. refers to efforts to persuade with
action via methods of protest,
non-cooperation and intervention
without using physical violence

13. seeks to produce awareness of
the dissent
Petitions, Banners, Posters,
Lobbying, Singing, Marches,
Prayer rallies, Mock funerals,
Vigils

14. presents the opponent with
difficulties in maintaining the
normal operation of the
system
Consumers’ boycott, General
Strike, Civil disobedience

15. challenges the opponent
more directly
Sit-ins, Fasts

16.  Seeks to dramatize the issue (of injustice)
to put pressure on the adversary to
confront the issue.
 Seeks to create a tension?/crisis that would
force the adversary to open the door to
negotiation.
 Seeks to create a situation that would
liberate victims from silence and
helplessness.

17.  seeks to gain attention, and
consequently, support from the larger
community.

18. 1. Research or the gathering of
information.
2. Raise consciousness of people
about the issue.
3. Organize constituents and build
coalitions.
4. Employment of various methods
of nonviolent action.

20.  Territorial disputes
 Lack of tolerance for differences
 Ideological or power struggles
 Inequality between groups
 History of colonialism and the process
of decolonization

21. Competition for resources
extreme abuse of human rights
desire of leaders to stay in power
narrow or extreme nationalism
sympathy for kin across borders

22. Massive death
Commitment of atrocities which are
acts that go beyond what is
tolerable
War cause people to flee their
homes.
Wars cause weapons to proliferate.

23. Wars hold back development as
huge amount of government
budgets are allocated for
defense.
Wars see children tread the battle
zones instead of play areas.

24.  People lose their livelihood and their
access to food supply.
 Wars cause the loss of investment;
destroy property and the
environment, and raze opportunities
for tourism.
 Wars disrupt children’s education, and
create fear and trauma among the
population.

25. “Peace education seeks to
develop a global perspective on
the problems and an
understanding that humans are a
single species”.
Peace education seeks to teach
the concept of oneness of the
human race.

26.  Education should also help alter
thoughts with regard to the
inevitability of war.
 Teaching students peaceful conflict
resolution skills will also help learners
understand that conflicts may be
approached constructively and that
there are better workable alternatives
to aggression.

27. The END 