3. Drill rig is a machine (integrated system)
used to create boreholes in the earth’s
crust. In oil and gas industry , it used to
drill such as Oil, Water, Gas….wells
Drilling Rigs
What Does Drilling Rig Mean?
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 3
5. Drilling Rig Basic Functions
• Deerick
• Draw works
• Blocks
• Hook
Hoisting
• Rotary table
• Swivel
• Kelly
Rotating
• Pumps
• Stand pipes
• Solids control equipment
Circulating
• Blowout preventor
• Choke system
Controlling
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 5
6. Dr Samir Khaled Drilling Engineering I
Drillship Semisubmersible
RIG TYPES
Land rig
Submersible or Barge
Jackup
Drillship
Drilling Eng. 1
PE 305 Drilling 1
Dr. M Ghareeb 6
7. There are many different types of drilling rigs. Which rig selected depends on the
specific requirements of each drill site.
Rigs are generally categorized as:
• Onshore(land) or
• Offshore(marine).
Drilling Rigs
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 7
8. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Type of Drilling Rigs
A typical classification of rotary drilling rigs
Drilling Rigs
Marine Rigs
Land Rigs
Floating Rigs Bottom Supported Rigs
Semi Submersible
Drill Ship
Drilling Barge
Jackup
Platform
Submersible
Small rigs
Medium rigs
Heavy duty rigs
Ultra heavy-duty rigs
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10. Land Rig
• The most common land rigs use either a standard derrick, a truck-mounted
derrick, or a component rig.
• The American Petroleum Institute provides various documents relating to
these rig types, including :
• API Specifications 4E and 8A and Standards 4A and 4D.
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 10
11. Offshore Rigs
There are two types of offshore rigs:
1. Floating rigs:
– Semisubmersible
– Drillships
2. Bottom-supported rigs:
– Jack-ups
– Platform
– Barge
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 11
13. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Floating Rigs: Semi Submersible Rigs
It is a floating drilling rig has
columns when flooded with
seawater, cause the structure
submerge to a predetermined
depth.
It sits low with a large part of its
structure under water combined
with 8 huge mooring anchors,
make it a very stable installation.
This in order to withstand the
moved by wave action
With advancing technology some
semi submersibles can drill in
water depths over 5000 feet.
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14. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Floating Rigs: Semi Submersible Rigs
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15. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Floating Rigs: DrillShips
• This is a ship shaped drilling
vessel.
• Unlike the semi submersible
and the jackup, it does not
require tugboats to tow it to
location.
• Although they are not as stable
as semi submersibles they also
drill in very deep waters.
• They are limited to areas where
wave action is not severe.
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17. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Bottom-Supported Rigs :Jack-ups
• This is a mobile drilling rig,
different from the semi
submersible
• It is more stable than
semisubmersible Rigs
• The Jackup has long leg
structures, which it lowers to
and into the seabed raising the
rig out of the water.
• The obvious limitation with this
type of installation is the depth of
water it can operate in.
• It can only be placed in relatively
shallow waters, generally less
than 1,000 feet (300 m) of water.
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18. Main Components of a Drilling Rig
All rigs have the following basic systems
•Hoisting
•Rotating
•Circulating & Solids Control
•Blowout Prevention
•POWER SYSTEM
Drilling Rig
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20. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Hoisting System
• The hoisting system is used to lowering or raising drill string , casing ,and other
subsurface equipment into or out of the hole
• The principle component are:
1. Crown Block
2. Deadline
3. Wire Lines
4. Fast Line
5. Traveling Block
6. Pipe elevators
7. Deadline anchor
8. Storage Reel
9. Drum
10. Drum Brake
11. Draw works
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22. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Hoisting System: Crown Block
Crown Block A set of sheaves (pulleys) affixed in the top of the derrick or mast over
which the drilling line is threaded used to change the direction of pull from the
drawworks to the traveling block
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23. 9
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Hoisting System : Travelling Block
Traveling Block Is a set of sheaves that move up and down in the derrick or mast .
• The drilling line (wire rope) threaded through them is threaded (or "reeved") back to
the crown blocks located on the top of the derrick.
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24. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Hook
• The hook is attached to the bottom of the traveling block
• It is usually J-shaped equipment used to hang various other
equipment, particularly the swivel and kelly, the elevator bails or
topdrive units.
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25. Hoisting System : Drilling Line
• It is a key component of drilling rigs , used in the rig’s main hoisting
system.
• The drill line threads through the traveling and crown blocks.
• The drilling line basically a wire rope made up of strands Twisted
around a steel core . Each strand contains a number of small wires
Twisted around a central core.
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 25
26. Hoisting System : Drilling Line
Wire Rope Constructions
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27. 6x19 Wire Rope Construction
Drilling Hoisting Cables are
made of six steel wire strands
twisted together about a fiber,
spring or smaller Independent
Wire Rope (IWR) core.
Usually, there are 19 wires in
each of the six strand (6X19),
but 6X7 and 6X8 strands are
occasionally used.
The steel cable core usually
consists of six strands of
seven smaller wires each
(6X7).
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Drilling Line : Example
28. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 28
ROPE CORE The purpose of the core is to provide support and maintain the position of
the outer strands during operation. The core provides an elastic bed to enable
movement or relative displacement and allow deformation of the wire strands when the
rope is flexed round a sheave. A core of incorrect size or inferior material will cause a
rope not to function properly and will shorten its life.
• FC : Fibre core around which wire strands are laid. FC ropes provide excellent
flexibility. Additionally, the fibre core is impregnated with lubricant during manufacture
thus providing internal lubrication to reduce internal corrosion and wear between
wires
• IWRC : Independent wire rope core around which wire strands are laid. IWRC ropes
have increased strength and provide good resistance to crushing, distortion and heat.
The steel core also provides better support for the outer strands thus ensuring even
stress distribution and retention of the rope shape.
WSC: Wire strand core around which wire strands are laid. Used in ropes below
13mm dia. Has the same benefits as IWRC.
There are two main types of rope core – Fibre (FC) and Steel (IWRC or WSC)
Wire Rope Core
29. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb
Hoisting System: Drawworks
• The principal parts of the draw worksare the drum, the drum brakes,
transmission, and cathead
• The principal function is to convert the powersource intoa hoistingoperation
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30. Dead Line Anchor
PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 30
• The drilling line from the crown block sheave to the anchor
• it does not move
• It is used to tie down the drill line and measure the load
suspended from the top drive (i.e., hook load).
31. PE 305 Drilling 1 Dr. M Ghareeb 31
Hoisting System: Fast and Deadlines
