This document summarizes a study tour to Nepal and India by a group of 9 participants from Bangladesh from June 9-15, 2013. In Nepal, the group visited several notable temples and sites in Kathmandu including Swayambhunath Temple, Patan Durbar Square, and Pashupatinath Temple. They also visited temples and sites outside Kathmandu such as Bhaktapur and Nagarkot Tower. In India, the group toured temple sites in Bishnupur known for their terracotta architecture and ornate carvings, as well as the Jorhasanko Tagore House and Dakkhineshwar Temple in West Bengal. The document compares architectural features between Indian

1. Study Tour
Nepal and India
09 – 15 June, 2013.

2. Participants
• 1.Ms.Shirin Akhtar
Director General, Department of Archaeology..
• 2.Mr. A.K.M. Dinarul Islam
Deputy secretary, ERD, Ministry of Finance.
• 3.Md. Abubakar Siddique
Project Director , SATIDP, Department of Archaeology.
• 4.Ms. Shikha Sarker
Deputy chief, Ministry of Cultural Affairs.
• 5.Mr.Md. Ariful Haque
Assistant Chief, IMED, Ministry of planning
• 6.Ms.Nishat jahan
Assistant Chief, Ministry of Cultural Affairs.
• 7.Md. Badrul Alam
Regional Director, Rajshahi Division, Departmdnt of Archaeology.
• 8.Mr. Abdul Baten
Regional Director, khulna Division, Departmdnt of Archaeology.
• 9.Md. Tauhidun nabi
Chief photograhpher, Department of Archaeology.

3. Purpose of the tour
• Having ideas on archaeological sites & their
development activities in India and Nepal.

4. Cultural Route of South-east Asia

5. Arrival in Nepal

6. Kathmandu Airport

7. Swayambhunath Temple Complex

8. Structure:
100 m high from place Land
Relies of Buddhist Architecture
Buddhist structure temple and stupa
 Museum
Features:
Stupa consists of a dome at the base above which
there is a cubical sturcture painted with eyes of
Buddha looking in all four directions.
Stupa is decorated with copper and gold.
Also Know as Monkey Temple as there are holy
monkeys living there.
Myth:
According to Swayambhu Purana, the entire valley was once filled
with an enormous lake out of which grew a lotus.The valley came to
be known as Swayambhu meaning "Self-Created."
Location: In the city of Kathmandu, around 4 km. from the city-centre
Period: 5th
Century

9. Swayambhunath Mondir

10. Swayambhunath Mondir Complex

11. Kathmando city view from the temple-top

12. Patan Durbar Square
Location: At the centre of Lalitpur city,
near the capital city of Kathmandu.
History: The Durbar Square is actually a
Royal Palace where Malla Kings of Lalitpur
resided.
Feature:
 a marvel of Newa architecture.
The Square-floor tiled with red bricks.
A bell in the alignment beside the main temples.
Newari residential houses.

14. Architectural Décoration of Patan Durbar Square

15. Nagorcoat Tower
Location: One hour journey by road from the capital city of Nepal.
A hilly place of Nepal 2142 m. high from plane land.
Feature: Sunrise and Sunset are noticed from this tower.
The Himalayan ridge may also be seen from here while fine weather prevails.

16. Nagorcoat Tower

17. Nagorcoat Tower-shop

18. Bhaktapur
Location: Mid of Nagorcoat and
Kathmandu city.
Period: 12-15 Century.

19. History: An administrative capital of Nepal during
that period.
Features:
•Bhaktapur means Place of devotees.
•Durbar square
• Pottery square
•Palace
•Temples built with stone, brick and wood.
•Popular for different forms of mask-dances based
on lives of different deities
Myth: Ancient name of this place is "Khwopa" which
refers to the masks believed to have been worn by
gods and godesses.

21. Local Shops

22. Shri Pashupatinath Temple Complex
Location: on the banks of the Bagmati River, 5 kilometres north-east of
Kathmandu city heart.
History: Nepal's most sacred Hindu shrine and one of the greatest Shiva
sites.
Feature:
• temple with artistic works.
• One of the attractive things of the Complex is birds’ gathering in the
yard.

24. Shri Pashupatinath Temple

25. Local Shop

26. INDIA
Bishnupur Temple city
Location: under Bankura
district ,India.
History: During ancient time, it
was well known as
Banobishnupur. It was a capital
of ancient Mallovum kingdom.
Rulars who ruled from seven
century to twenty century, are
well known as Mallaraj. Mallaraj
built different temples in
Bishnupur. Temples of
Bishnopur was built by using
brick.

27. Ras Mancho
.
Period: Built by Bir Hambir in
1600 AD.
Feature: Temple stands on a
raised square laterite plinth with a
pyramididal superstructure.
Three successive circumbulatory
galleries.
The arches- decorated with lotus
motifs.

30. Location: Bankura District.
Period: erected by the Malla King
Rashunath Singha in AD 1655.
History:Jor Bangla Temple also
known as Kesta Rai Temple.
Feature:
The temple facing south is raised
on a aquare platform in the form
of a pair of Hut-shaped sructures
with slpoing roofs joined together
and surmounted by a Charchala
Sikhara.

31. Terracotta panels narrates Krishna lila, hunting, social lives

32. Lalji Temple

33. Location: Bankura
District.
Period: built by BIR
SINGHA II of Malla dynesty
in AD 1658.
Feature:
It is a EKRATNA Temple,
built for RADHA and
KRISHNA.

34. Madan Mohan Temple
Location: Bankura District.
Period: built by King Durjana
Singh Deva .
Feature:
It is a EKRATNA Temple,
a square flat-roofed building
with carved cornices,
surmounted by pinnacles.
Impressive carvings on the
walls depict scenes from the
Ramayana, Mahabharata and
the Puranas.

35. Ornamentation

36. Dalmadal Cannon
Location: Bankura District.
Period: built by Maharaja Bir
Humbeer .
History: Maharaja Bir Humbeer
spent One lac & Twenty Five
Thousand rupees to manufacture
this devastating weapon to
protect his kingdom.
Feature:
In Bengali language ‘Dala’ means
‘Group’ which indicates ‘enemies’
here and ‘mardan’ means
‘destroy’.

37. Myth:
Inhabitants of Bishnupur
believes that Lord
Madanmohan fired that
weapon with his own
hand to protect his city
from Maratha dacoits or
Borgies. So the local
people respects the
cannon as it was touched
and blessed by Lord
Madanmohan.
Madanmohan is the local
name of Lord Krishna.

38. Jorhasanko Tagore House
Period: built by Nilmani Tagore in Jorhasanko region in 1784.
History: It is well Known as Maharshi Bhaban.
Feature: There are several parts of this three storied building. White, Red,
Green and Yellow colours are used in the house. Basically it is built with brick,
stone and wood.. Three stars of this house are Darokananath Tagore,
Debendronath Tagore and world famous poet Rabindranath Tagore.This house
was converted into Rabindro Bharotia exhibition centre introducing their multi-
disciplinery activities.

41. Dakkhinesshar Temple
Location:
West Bengal.
Period:
1847 to 1885 by Queen Rasmani.
Feature:
Shri Jagodeshshari Mohakali’s
pratima (statue) is in the temple .
The length, width and height of the
temple 15 -15 - 30 meters.
It is a two storied and eight chala
building . It is built in the land of 20
acres at Dakkhinesshar village.
Pundit Ram Krishno lived in this
temple from 1855 to 1885.

42. Similar in Bangladesh:
•Chala roof design ( Jor Bangla Temple, Pabna)
•Brick made architecture (most of the ancient temples of
Bangladesh)
•Terracotta ornamentation( Kantajeu Temple, Dinajpur)
•Higher plinth
•Shikhara or Ratnas

43. Study Tour
Thailand

44. Participants
1.Ms. Shirin Akhtar
Director General
Department of Archaeology.
2.Mr. Ananta Kumar Chowdhury
Director(Joint Secretary)
Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation
3. Md. Abubakar Siddique
Project Director , SATIDP(BP)
Department of Archaeology.
4.Md. Siddiqur Rahman
Assistant Secretary
Ministry of Cultural Affaires.

45. Thailand

46. Period:
13th and 14th centuries. It was
built by the Khmers and taken
over by the Thais in 1230.
History:
The Historic town of Sukhothai
and was the capital of the first
Kingdom of Siam.
Feature:
The Thai language and alphabet
originated here .It illustrates the
beginnings of Thai architecture.
Sukhothai World Heritage Site

48. Ayutthaya World Heritage Site
History:
The Historic City of Ayutthaya covers the remains of he second
Siamese capital. It represents the birth place or true Thai art,
including wall paintings and architecture.
Period:
Ayutthaya succeeded Sukhothai as capital of Siam (Now Thailand)
during the 15 the century. 417 years later, Bangkok took over from
Ayutthaya.

50. Phanom Rung Historical Park
Feature:
The site includes a Hidnu saivite
(Shiva) Monastery and sculptures of
Vishnu.
A 400 meter walkway leads up to her
site’s main sanctuary and passes a
number of different ruins .Many of
these ruins contain images depicting
Hindu God Brahma and scenes from
the Ramayana. Set against a scenic
countryside.

51. Chiang Saen
Location:
Right next to the Mekong River
with- ruins that provide
archaeological evidence of
Chiang Saen’s former glory.
Period:14th –century city.
Feature:
The town is littered with temples
(36 in total), fortresses, moats,
Buddha images. Remnants of
city walls that all bear witness to
its intriguing past.

52. Ban Prasat Archaeological Site
Location:
located at Nong Sung north of
Nakhon Rachasima.
History:
The site is considered to be an
agriculture ceramic society 3000
years ago in prehistoric times.
Feature:
•It is set up as an outdoor museum.
•Evidence of group couture between
1500-3000 years ago
•Discoveries of human skeletons and
many pottery pieces are main
findings

54. Golden Buddha
• Location:
temple of Wat Traimit, Bangkok.
• Period:13th-14th century.
• Feature:
The Golden Buddha, officially
titled Phra Phuttha Maha Suwan
Patimakon is the world's largest
solid gold statue which is 3 metres
(9.8 ft) tall and weighs 5.5 tonnes
(5.4 long tons; 6.1 short tons). It is
made in the Sukhothai Dynasty
style.

55. The Royal Palace/ Wat Mahathat
Period:
between 1292 and 1347
Feature:
Wat Mahathat means 'temple of the
great relic’. A large site covering
around 160,000 square meters
containing two main compounds-
Noen Phrasat ( the Royal Building),a
site containing a stone inscribed by
king Ramhamhaeng, and the second
is Wat Mahathat, sukhothai’s Largest
temple. Inside The temple of vihar,
there is a 8- metre high Bronze
Buddha image. The temple offers
authentic Sukothai Art and its crypt
has a number of excellent murals.

58. Thanks to all.