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•Biodiversity is in the form of a mosaic,
varying greatly across the globe as well as
within regions. Such a study is called
BIOGEOGRAPHY
Species diversity declines with increasing distance
from the EQUATOR (north or south)
•Tropical region (Lat. Range -23.5°N to 23.5°S) harbors
more species than the temperate or polar areas(Lat. Range
-23.5°N to 66.5°N and 23.5°S and 66.5°S).
Temperate region
Tropical region
 Colombia located near the Equator has
1400 species of bird
 INDIA located near the tropical
latitude has 1200 species of birds
 Phillippines 13°N has 530 bird species
 New York 41°N has 105 species
 GreenLand  71°N has 56 species
Tropical Forests in the Equator has ten times
more species of vascular plants when compared
to the forest of equal area in a temperate region
This pattern of distribution can be studied under 2
categories :
I. Latitudinal Gradients
II. Species –Area Relationship

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Patterns of biodiversity(introduction

  • 1. •Biodiversity is in the form of a mosaic, varying greatly across the globe as well as within regions. Such a study is called BIOGEOGRAPHY
  • 2. Species diversity declines with increasing distance from the EQUATOR (north or south) •Tropical region (Lat. Range -23.5°N to 23.5°S) harbors more species than the temperate or polar areas(Lat. Range -23.5°N to 66.5°N and 23.5°S and 66.5°S).
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.  Colombia located near the Equator has 1400 species of bird  INDIA located near the tropical latitude has 1200 species of birds  Phillippines 13°N has 530 bird species  New York 41°N has 105 species  GreenLand  71°N has 56 species
  • 7. Tropical Forests in the Equator has ten times more species of vascular plants when compared to the forest of equal area in a temperate region This pattern of distribution can be studied under 2 categories : I. Latitudinal Gradients II. Species –Area Relationship