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딥러닝 논문 읽기모임
이미지처리팀
Patch SVDD : Path-level Support Vector
Data Description for Anomaly Detection
and Segmentation
Authors : Jihun Yi and Sungroh Yoon,
Seoul National University
Feb/28/2021
ACCV 2020
김병현 박동훈 안종식 홍은기 허다운
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Contents of Patch SVDD
2
Patch-level
(Deep Learning)
Support Vector
Data Description (SVDD)
for Anomaly Detection and
Segmentation
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Contents of Patch SVDD
3
Patch-level
(Deep Learning)
Support Vector
Data Description (SVDD)
for Anomaly Detection and
Segmentation
Contribution
Prerequisite
발표순서
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
What is Anomaly Detection
4
 Anomaly Detection
주어진 정상 데이터를 이용하여 비정상 데이터를 찾는 문제
 이상치 탐지 실생활 예제
가스가 새는 부탄가스 검수
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jK6IRm9Jfjo&ab_channel=SBSSTORY
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
MVTec Anomaly Dataset
 Dataset Description
Training Dataset only includes NORMAL DATASET
Test Tasks
• Detection vs Segmentation
Object classes
• Bottle, Cable, Capsule, Carpet, Grid, Hazelnut, Leather, Metal Nut, Pill, Screw, Tile,
Toothbrush, Transistor, Wood, Zipper
5
MVTEC ANOMALY DETECTION DATASET
https://www.mvtec.com/company/research/datasets/mvtec-ad
NORMAL
Task 1.
Anomaly
Detection
Task 2.
Anomaly
Segmentation
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Support Data Description
 Support Vector
Data Description (SVDD)
6
 Support Vector Machine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Support-vector_machine
http://dsba.korea.ac.kr/seminar/?pageid=1&mod=document&keyword=anomaly&uid=1327
𝑥2
𝑥1
𝑥2
𝑥1
정상 데이터를 둘러싸는 가장 작은 구를 찾고,
경계면을 기반으로 이상 탐지를 함
Mapping
function
데이터셋 사이를 가로지르는
Hyperplane 중 margin을
가장 크게 가지는 w를 구함
2. 비선형 분류기 필
요
1. Class imbalance
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Deep SVDD
7
 Deep SVDD (Deep Neural Network as Kernel Function)
NORMAL Anomaly
http://data.bit.uni-bonn.de/publications/ICML2018.pdf
𝑥2
𝑥1
𝑥2
𝑥1
Mapping
function
https://thedatascientist.com/what-deep-learning-is-and-isnt/
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Q & A
8
Q & A
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Patch SVDD
9
256
256
1
6
Hierarchical encoder
Position
Classifier
× 𝜆
Training
Normal
Dataset
Test
Normal
Feature Map
비교
(Nearest
Neigbor)
Anomaly
map
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Methods (Training)
 Patch-wise Deep SVDD
10
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Methods (Training)
 Self-supervised learning
11
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Methods (Training)
 Hierarchical encoder
12
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
256
256
1
6
Position
Classifier
(32)
Position
Classifier
(64)
× 𝜆
Each patch is randomly
selected
Deep
Encoder
Hierarchical
Head
Hierarchical Encoder
Methods (Training)
(64)
(32)
(64)
(32)
 Training Stage Summary
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Q & A
14
Q & A
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Methods (Testing)
Normal
dataset
Hierarchical
encoder
Normal
dataset
feature map
Stride S
32
64
×
Anomaly
seg Normal
or
anomaly
max
Test
image
Test image
feature map
비교
(Nearest
Neigbor)
 Generating Anomaly Maps
https://github.com/yahoojapan/NGT
Neighborhood Graph and Tree for Indexing High-dimensional
Data
NGT
K-d tree
L2 distance
Element-wise
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Result
16
 Anomaly maps segmented by Patch SVDD
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Result
 Anomaly Detection and segmentation result on
MVTec AD dataset
17
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Q & A
18
Q & A
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Detailed Analysis
1. Patch – level Anomaly Detection
2. Self-supervised learning
3. Hieracial Encoder
4. Hyperparameter
19
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
1. Patch – level Anomaly Detection
 Random Encoder
Patch 단위로 이미지를 분할하였을 때 Intra-class variatio이 높아져서 Random
Encoder 혹은 Raw Patch만 이용하여도 비교적 높은 성능 달성 가능
20
인코더 통과 후
Feature map 인코더 통과 전
이미지의 patch
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
1. Patch – level Anomaly Detection
 t-SNE visualization (고차원 데이터를 저차원으로 표현)
Object (전선, 칫솔 등, 특징이 다양함)
Texture (가죽, 천 등, 특징이 균일함)
Object는 Patch 별로 다양한 특징 분포, Texture는 비교적 균일한 특징 분포
21
좌표를 색상 및
크기로 표현
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
2. Self-supervised learning
 Effect of self-supervised learning
Ablation Study
22
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
3. Hieracial Encoder
 Hierarchical Encoding
23
딥러닝
논문
읽기모임
Q & A
24
Q & A

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Patch SVDD: Patch-level SVDD for Anomaly Detection and Segmentation

Editor's Notes

  1. 안녕하세요, 오늘 발표를 맡은 김병현입니다. 오늘 논문은 서울대 연구팀이 ACCV 2020에서 발표한, Patch-level Support vector data description for anomaly detection and segmentation입니다. 발표에 이미지처리팀의 박동훈, 안종식, 홍은기, 허다운님께서 많은 도움을 주셨습니다.
  2. 오늘 논문의 제목을 크게 4단계로 나눠봤습니다. 제가 나타낸 텍스트에는 아래부터 Anomaly Detection and Segmentation, Support Vector Data Description, Deep Learning, 그리고 patch-level으로 단어들이 나열되어 있는데요. 논문에서는 Deep 이라는 단어를 사용하지는 않았지만, 논문에서 deep learning이 사용되기 때문에 제가 설명을 위하여 추가하였습니다. 그리고 Support Vector Data Description은 뒤에서는 편의상 SVDD로 불릴 예정입니다.
  3. 발표 순서는 텍스트의 아래부터 위로 진행할 예정입니다. 빨간 점선 아래부분의 선수지식을 차례로 설명드린 이후에 본 논문에서 Patch level의 Deep SVDD를 어떻게 Anomaly detection과 segmentation에 적용하였는지 설명드리겠습니다.
  4. 그럼 먼저 가볍게 Anomaly detection에 대해서 설명드리겠습니다. 저희가 지난번에도 고형권님께서도 anomaly detection 에 관한 논문 리뷰를 진행해주셨는데요. 다시 한번 설명드리면 anomaly detection은 주어진 데이터셋에서 비정상 데이터를 찾는 문제입니다. 특히 비전 문제에서는 시각적으로 확인되는 이상치들을 탐지하는 것을 목표로 하게됩니다. 여기 실생활 예제로 부탄가스 제조 공정을 가져왔습니다. 부탄가스 공정에서 부탄가스통을 물에 넣고 레일을 지나가게 할 때, 만약 가스가 새고 있으면, 거품이 눈으로 확인될 것이고, 이를 이상치로 판단하게 됩니다. 물론 이 예제에서는 작업자가 직접 anomaly detection을 수행하는데, 많은 연구진들이 이러한 과정을 자동화하기 위한 연구를 진행하고 있습니다.
  5. 본 논문에서는 산업 및 일상 생활에서 만날 수 있는 물체들로 구성된 MVTec anomaly detection dataset을 사용합니다. 여기서 MVTEC은 회사 이름입니다. 데이터셋의 특징은 정상 데이터만을 이용하여 학습 데이터를 구성했다는데 있을 것 같습니다. 그래서 그림에 첫번째 줄에 나타나있는 정상 데이터셋 만을 이용해서 학습을 진행하게 됩니다. 테스트는 크게 Detection 과 Segmentation으로 나눠지는데요. Detection은 주어진 이미지가 이상치를 포함하는지 아닌지를 판정하고, Segmentation은 그 이상치의 위치를 픽셀단위로 판정하는 테스크입니다.
  6. 그럼 이러한 이상치 문제를 풀기 위해서 사용되었던 Deep SVDD가 어떤 과정을 통하여 발전하여 왔는지 설명드리겠습니다. SVDD