The document discusses the past simple and present perfect tenses in English. The past simple is used for finished actions in the past with time expressions like "last" or dates. The present perfect is used for unfinished periods of time and experiences with no specific time. It can be used with "for" or "since" to indicate duration. Words like "already", "yet", and "just" can be used with the present perfect to provide additional meaning about the completion status of an action.

1. Past simple and present
perfect

2. Past simple
• We use the past simple for a finished action in the past. We normally
use last, ago, or a date to say when it happened
• Last Monday I went to the gym
• I arrived six months ago
• I was born on October

3. Present Perfect
• We use the present perfect for experiences in general
• I have been to the Everest (we don’t say when)
• We use the Present perfect for an unfinished period of time (we
usually use “this”)
• She’s been to yoga clases twice this week
• We use it with “for” and “since” to express duration during an
unfinished period of time
• I have lived here for seven years/ I have lived here since 2010 (and I still live
here)

4. Present perfect with already, yet and just
• When I want to express that something has been finished, I use
“already”
• I have already finished tidying my room
• We use “yet” for questions and negatives
• Have you done the washing-up yet?
• No, I haven’t done it yet
Note that already goes between the auxiliar and the verb, whereas yet
is always at the end of the sentence.