Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock formed by the compaction of silt and clay minerals. Shale gas is natural gas contained within shale formations. It has low porosity and permeability, making the gas difficult to extract. Historically, shale gas was not produced much due to a lack of technology. The Barnett Shale in Texas was the first major shale gas field developed. While shale gas production has grown and provides benefits, it also raises environmental and economic concerns that require responsible production and use.