Fracking, global presence, pros and cons

2. OVERVIEW

3. WHAT IS IT?
 Natural gas
 Fine-grained sedimentary rocks
 Sedimentary rocks formed by the
accumulation of sediments at the
Earth's surface and within bodies of
water.
 Sandstone, limestone, and shale.
 Sandstone rocks often have high
permeability
 Shale rocks usually have very low
permeability.
 Unconventional gas: shale, tight, coal
bed methane (CBM).

4. IMPORTANCE
 People – in terms of an
improvement towards
labour, the community
and region.
 Planet – in terms of
benefits towards the
ecology and the
environment.
 Profits – in terms of real
economic benefits enjoyed
by the residential,
commercial and industrial
sectors

6. EXTRACTION
Initial stages
 locating reserves
 Appraising the
Amount of
Recoverable Gas
 Estimating the
Profitability of the
Play
Fracking

7. Source: Visual Capitalist – www.visualcapitalist.com
443 m
HOW IT WORKS?

8. Shale formation are fine-grained
sedimentary rocks with gas
trapped in them. Shale has low
permeability and gas does not
flow through it easily.
Source: Visual Capitalist – www.visualcapitalist.com
443 m

9. Producers drill down to
the level of shale,
And then drills then turn
horizontal to
go along shale
Source: Visual Capitalist – www.visualcapitalist.com
443 m

10. Producers drill down to
the level of shale,
And then drills then turn
horizontal to
go along shale
Water, proppants and
chemical additives are
injected into the shale at a
high pressure to create
fracture pathways that
increase flow of the well.
Source: Visual Capitalist – www.visualcapitalist.com
443 m

11. Producers drill down to
the level of shale,
And then drills then turn
horizontal to
go along shale
Water, proppants and
chemical additives are
injected into the shale at a
high pressure to create
fracture pathways that
increase flow of the well.
Source: Visual Capitalist – www.visualcapitalist.com
443 m
Gas and wastewater flows
back to surface. Wastewater it
stored in steel tanks until it
can be stored log-term by
deep injection into oil and
gas waste well

13. IN USA
More than 1.6 million jobs

14. IN USA
More than 1.6 million jobs
$231 Billion in Total
Value Added

15. IN USA
More than 1.6 million jobs
$231 Billion in Total
Value Added
$933 Billion in
Tax Revenues

16. India – Shale of the century?
In January 2011 India’s
state-owned Oil and Natural
Gas Corporation (ONGC)
found the country’s first
shale gas at an exploratory
site near the city of
Durgapur in West Bengal.

17. India – Shale of the century?
In January 2011 India’s
state-owned Oil and Natural
Gas Corporation (ONGC)
found the country’s first
shale gas at an exploratory
site near the city of
Durgapur in West Bengal.
Oil and Natural Gas
Corporation (ONGC) has
called in international
expertise to help with
exploration by partnering
the world’s biggest oil
services company,
Schlumberger

18. India – Shale of the century?
In January 2011 India’s
state-owned Oil and Natural
Gas Corporation (ONGC)
found the country’s first
shale gas at an exploratory
site near the city of
Durgapur in West Bengal.
Oil and Natural Gas
Corporation (ONGC) has
called in international
expertise to help with
exploration by partnering
the world’s biggest oil
services company,
Schlumberger
The Indian government is
finalizing its shale gas
exploration policy and
expects to launch its first
auction of shale gas blocks
by December 2013

19. IN INDIA

20. CONS
Water contamination
Induced semicity
Greenhouse gas emmissions
Water demands
Economy

21. PROS
Decrease gas prices
Collect more taxes
Become more independent from import
Attract investments
Create new jobs and new industry