The document provides an overview of the Passive House building energy standard. It discusses the motivation for Passive House, including economy, efficiency, and opportunity. A brief history is given of early passive design concepts in the 1970s and the development of the Passive House Institute in the 1990s. The key concepts, metrics, and benefits of the Passive House standard are summarized, including ultra-low energy use, high comfort, health, quality, and sustainability. Challenges and opportunities for delivery and adoption are also mentioned.

1. Hello!

2. Tim Delhey Eian

3. TE Studio
holistic design for
sustainable homes
STUDIO:
3429 Benjamin St. NE
Minneapolis, MN 55418
612-246-4670
testudio.com
CERTIFIED PASSIVE HOUSE™ CONSULTANT

4. The Passive House Building Energy Standard
by Tim Delhey Eian, Certified Passive House™ Consultant

5. TM

6. TM
Overview
Context & Definition
Motivation
History
Basics
Benefits
Delivery

7. Context & Definition

8. form
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function
durability
energy
cost
quality
resources
operation
Standard Practice
site
context
baseline

9. form
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function
durability
energy
cost
quality
resources
the bar
operation
site
Sustainable Holistic Design
context
performance
baseline

10. form
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function
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health
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energy
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cost
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quality
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resources
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operation
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site
Architects need tools!
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context
TM
performance
baseline

11. Certified Passive House™
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“A rigorous, voluntary building energy standard
focusing on highest energy efficiency and quality of life
at low operating cost.”
The Passive House Standard is the most rigorous building energy standard in the world. Consultants, projects or building components that have obtained
the right to carry the logo have committed themselves to design excellence and the Passive House energy performance criteria.

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It’s a tool!

13. Motivation

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Economy
$

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Resources & Economy
Source: dreamstime.com

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Efficiency
Source: VW

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Opportunity

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End Game
Source: Blu

19. History

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Early warning signs

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First responders
Illinois Lo-Cal House, 1974
Source: The Small Homes Council at the University of Illinois

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Common sense

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Early adopters
Saskatchewan Conservation House
Saskatoon, Canada in 1978

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Been there, done that.

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Passive ≠ Passive
PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN PASSIVE HOUSE
design concept certified standard
“unlimited” energy limited energy (gas-mileage)
passive solar heat gains passive solar & internal heat gains
shading devices shading devices and glazing
thermal mass, absorption, release capture, insulate, retain

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Germany
Dr. Wolfgang Feist
Germany

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Architype
1990
1996: PHI - Passivhaus Institut
Source: Passiv Haus Institut

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Europe

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United States
Smith House - Urbana, IL - 2003 - e-colab (first built in the U.S.) - Zonee-colab
Source: 3

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United States
Source: Stephan Tanner

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United States
Katrin Klingenberg Passive House Institute U.S. - 2008

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Beyond Passive House

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Pedigree
2011: 20a, 25k[PH]

34. The Basics

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Concept
Conservation first
Minimize losses
Maximize gains

36. Architect: Tim Eian/TE Studio, Ltd.
Street: 3429 Benjamin St. NE
TM
Postcode/City:
Mechanical System:
Setting the bar
Minneapolis, MN 55418
TE Studio, Ltd.
Street: 3429 Benjamin St. NE
Postcode/City: Minneapolis, MN 55418
Year of Construction: 2009 0.17
A/V Ratio:
Number of Dwelling Units: 1 Interior Temperature: 20.0 °C
Enclosed Volume Ve: 916.8 m3 Internal Heat Gains: 2.1 W/m2
Number of Occupants: 2.0
Specific Demands with Reference to the Treated Floor Area
Treated Floor Area: 153.1 m2
Applied: Annual Method PH Certificate: Fulfilled?
Specific Space Heat Demand: 14 kWh/(m2 a) 15 kWh/(m2 a) Yes
Annual Heat Demand QH 2208 kWh/a
Pressurization Test Result: 0.6 h-1 0.6 h-1 Yes
Specific Primary Energy Demand
(DHW, Heating, Cooling, Auxiliary and Household Electricity) :
73 kWh/(m2 a) 120 kWh/(m2a) Yes
Specific Primary Energy Demand
(DHW, Heating and Auxiliary Electricity) :
48 kWh/(m2 a)
Specific Primary Energy Demand
Energy Conservation by Solar Electricity: 74 kWh/(m2 a)
Heating Load: 20 W/m2
Heating Load PH 3111 W
Frequency of Overheating: 2 % over 25 °C
Specific Useful Cooling Energy Demand: 1 kWh/(m2 a) 15 kWh/(m2a) Yes
Cooling Load: 7 W/m2
We confirm that the values given herein have been Issued on:
determined following the PHPP methodology and based
on the characteristic values of the building. The calculations signed:
with PHPP are attached to this application.

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Metric vs. Prescriptive
Energy per square foot and year
gas mileage for buildings

38. TM
Space conditioning limit
≤ 4.75 kBtu/(sf a)
≤ 15kWh/(m2 a)
total energy used to heat or cool a building

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Source energy limit
≤ 38 kBtu/(sf a)
≤ 120kWh/(m2 a)
all energy consumed; accounted for at the source

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Air tightness limit
≤0.6 ACH50
measured with blower door in the field

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Predictable outcome - Measurable results

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Passive House (pas′iv-ho̵us)
25-125 4.756
kBtu/(sf a) kBtu/(sf a)
active passive
average existing building Passive House
85 - 450 kWh/(m2 a) 15kWh/(m2 a)
Source: Krapmeier & Drössler 2001

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Global standard
think globally, build locally

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Global adoption

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EU code

46. Benefits

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Economy
Capitalized costs in Euro
Elimination of traditional heating system
Ultra low-energy building
Low-energy building
Passive House
Space-Conditioning Energy in kWh/(m2 a)
“Gas-Mileage for Buildings”
Source: Krapmeier & Drössler 2001

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Efficiency
up to 90% reduction in space-conditioning energy consumption*
up to 75% reduction in source-energy consumption*
Source: Krapmeier & Drössler 2001 *) compared to standard-practice code-compliant construction

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Environment

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Comfort

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Health

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Quality construction

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Sustainability delivered
To accomplish this, Architecture 2030 has issued The 2030 Challenge asking the global
architecture and building community to adopt the following targets:
• All new buildings, developments and major renovations shall be designed to meet a fossil
fuel, GHG-emitting, energy consumption performance standard of 50% of the regional (or
country) average for that building type.
• At a minimum, an equal amount of existing building area shall be renovated annually to
meet a fossil fuel, GHG-emitting, energy consumption performance standard of 50% of
the regional (or country) average for that building type.
• The fossil fuel reduction standard for all new buildings shall be increased to:
• 60% in 2010
• 70% in 2015
• 80% in 2020
• 90% in 2025
• Carbon-neutral in 2030 (using no fossil fuel GHG emitting energy to operate).
“These targets may be accomplished by implementing
innovative sustainable design strategies, generating on-site
renewable power and/or purchasing (20% maximum)
renewable energy and/or certified renewable energy credits.”
Source: architecture2030.com

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Zero and beyond
HERS INDEX
Z LEED
Passive House
Net Energy Positive
Carbon Neutral (operation)
Carbon Neutral (everything)

55. Delivery

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Paradigm shifts
• Leapfrog • Incrementalism
• System • Component
• Integrated design • “Design in a vacuum”

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Schematic
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Source: TE Studio

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First day cost
BASELINE YESTERDAY TODAY TOMORROW
quality “lighthouse” early adopters mainstream
building +10 to 20% +5 to 10% 0 - 5%

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Lifecycle cost
BASELINE PASSIVE HOUSE
CONSTRUCTION $$$$ $$$$$
OPERATION $$$$ $
MAINTENANCE $$$$ $$
LIFECYCLE $$$$ $$

60. Thanks.

61. resources
passipedia.org
passivehouse-international.org
passivehouse.us
passiv.de